【作者】 方伟；

【导师】 吴仁彪；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）系统是国际民航组织（ICAO）提出的，旨在整合各个卫星导航系统（GPS、GLONASS、Galileo、Compass）和增强系统，以及机载导航系统（如惯性导航系统等），使其成为“系统的系统”。在保障精度、可用性、连续性、完好性四个方面性能的基础上，GNSS计划的实施可以对民航飞行器进行准确定位，增加航路设计的灵活性，在保证安全的前提下提高空中交通的容量，降低飞行器对地面无线电导航设备的依赖，和降低地面导航设备的维护费用，最终实现全球的一致性运行。然而，在GNSS建设和发展的中，会受到各种无线电设备的干扰。其中GNSS的重要组成部分GPS L5信号、北斗卫星导航系统的B2信号以及Galileo E5信号，受到民航无线电导航设备DME测距仪的干扰尤为严重。本文针对GNSS系统面临的航空无线电设备干扰问题展开深入研究，所取得主要成果如下：1、针对常规方法抑制干扰后出现的数据缺损问题，提出了一种基于修正GAPES方法的DME脉冲干扰抑制方法。该方法利用混合滤波后的数据作为迭代过程的初始值，对缺损数据进行估计和恢复，由于充分利用了所接收信号的信息，因此能更有效地估计出缺损部分的数据，在抑制DME脉冲干扰的同时最大程度的恢复了缺损部分的信息。2、针对来自单个DME基站的干扰，提出了一种基于非线性最小二乘（NLS）的DME干扰抑制方法。该方法将DME干扰作为感兴趣信号，首先在NLS准则下估计其频率和幅度，对DME信号进行重构，然后将其作为干扰进行抑制。3、针对同时来自多个DME地面站的干扰提出了一种基于RELAX的DME干扰抑制方法。该方法利用RELAX算法思想进行循环迭代以估计每个干扰的频率和幅度，并分别对其进行重构，然后进行干扰抑制。4、利用机载DME接收天线所接收到的DME信号与机载GPS天线所接收到的DME信号广义互相关的特点，提出了一种基于自适应对消的DME干扰抑制方法。该方法首先对两天线接收到的信号时延进行自适应估计，然后对两信号进行时延补偿和衰减补偿后进行对消，以达到抑制DME干扰的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) was introduced by InternationalCivil Aviation Organization (ICAO), with the goal of integrating the satelliteconstellation (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and Compass), the augment systems, and theairborne navigation system (Inertial Navigation System, INS). And finally the GNSSwill turn to be a “system of systems”. Accomplishing the performance requirementsof accuracy, availability, continuity and integrity, GNSS plan can make it possible toposition the civil aircrafts accurately, enhance the flexible design of flight route,improve the traffic capacity, reduce the dependency of aircraft on ground-based radionavigation equipment, and cut down the maintenance cost of ground navigationequipment. Then finally the goal of global operation can be achieved.However, during the progress of building and developing, the GNSS is sufferingfrom the interference of various radio equipment. Especially, the GPS L5, CompassB2and Galileo E5signal are interfered severely by the Distance MeasurementEquipment (DME).This dissertation has carried out deep research on the problem of aeronauticalradio interference on GNSS, and the achievements are shown as follows:1. Considering the problem of gapped data caused by using the conventionalinterference method, we propose a DME pulse interference suppression method basedon modified GAPES. This method utilizes the data obtained after hybrid filtering asinitial values of the iteration progress, and then the gapped data are estimated andrestored. Due to taking advantage of full information of received signals, the gappeddata can be estimated and restored efficiently, at the same time the DME pulseinterferences are suppressed.2. Taking account of the DME interference from a single ground base, wepropose a DME interference approach based on NLS. This approach takes the DMEinterference as signal of interest (SOI). Firstly the frequency and amplitude of SOI areestimated, then DME signal is reconstructed, and finally the interference issuppressed.3. For multiple DME interferences from ground base, we propose an interferencesuppression method based on RELAX. This method makes use of the RELAXalgorithm to iterate and then estimate frequency and amplitude of every interference,and then reconstructs the interferences separately. Finally the interferences aresuppressed.4. Due to the characteristic of generalized cross correlation between the twosignals received by the antenna of airborne DME antenna and the one received byGPS antenna, we propose an interference suppression method based on adaptivecancellation. This method firstly estimates the time delay between two antennas, andthen compensates the time delay and attenuation between the two signals. Finally thegoal of DME interference suppression is achieved by adaptive cancellation.更多还原