【作者】 陈力；

【导师】 杨昌鸣；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑历史与理论， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 从中国传统文化与地域的实际情况出发，保持城市的原有文化特质，体现对城市历史的尊重，是城市居住社区在适应新的城市生活方式的同时找到新的地域认同的重要途径。“铺境”作为县以下的城乡区划单位存在于泉州，是特定历史背景和地缘条件下的产物。本课题首次对作为基层区划单位的铺境空间进行研究，并认为铺境与中国古代的里坊、里社、里甲和保甲等传统社区一脉相承。将其置于“社区”这一大系统中进行研究，系统内各种不同类型的社区之间既有历时性的传承关系，又有共时性的叠加与交错。明清时期泉州古城内基层组织的层级结构是“隅→图→铺→境”系统，但真正行使基层组织职能的是“图”之下的“铺境”。本文提出：由于社会经济的发展，基层社会所承载的信息量加大，基层管理需要更加精细的社区区划，由此衍生出规模适宜的铺境。并借鉴“自然村”与“行政村”的概念，提出“行政社区”与“自然社区”的新概念。在泉州铺境中，“铺”是行政社区，“境”是自然社区。自然社区比行政社区具有更强的地域归属感和文化认同感。行政社区的“铺”可以由一个或若干自然社区的“境”组成，当行政社区与自然社区相吻合时，“铺”就是“境”，官方的意愿与民间的认同达成一致。泉州古城内的“隅→图→铺→境”区域划分体系，是由官方行政区划与民间基层组织互动整合的生动实例，是中国传统居住社区的“活化石”。以泉州古城内的铺境空间为载体，本文首次以民间信仰与居住社区的内在联系为主线，研究传统城市居住社区的形成机制与演进轨迹，拓展了当代城市居住社区研究的视野。借鉴传统社区空间形态中因地制宜与崇尚自然的生态理念，提取传统元素、再现城市与建筑地域性，使城市与建筑在空间形态上表现出文化的稳定性与历史的延续性，有利于强化社区居民对城市空间精神场所的归属感和认同感。最后，文章结合心理学的相关理论，提出“认知阈值”的概念，并指出“认知阈值”应该成为未来确定城市居住社区合理规模的重要参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the Chinese traditional culture and the regional reality, keeping the original culturalcharacteristics of the city, and incarnating the respect for the city’s history, to the urban residentialcommunity, it is an important way of looking for local identity while adapting to the new city lifestyle.As an urban and rural zoning unit below the county in Quanzhou,“Pujing” is a product of acertain historical background and geographical conditions. First, this article makes the research onPujing space as grass-roots level zoning unit and considers that Pujing and Lifang, Lishe, Lijia,Baojia which are in the ancient China, can be traced to the same origin. And then, to study it in thelarge systems—“community”, for there is not only diachronic inheritance relations, but alsosynchronic superposition and interleaving during the different types of community in the system.The hierarchy of grass-roots level organizations of the ancient area of Quanzhou in the Ming andQing dynasties is a system of “Yu→Tu→Pu→Jing”. But “Pujing” which under the “Tu” isactually exercise of the functions of grass-roots level organizations. In this paper: with thesocio-economic development and the increase of the information carried by the grass-rootscommunity, the management of grass roots communities need to be partitioned more accurately,which led to the appropriate size of the Pujing. It brings up two new concepts: the “Executivecommunity” and the “Natural community”, drawing from the “Natural villages” and the “Executivevillages” concept. In the Pujing system of Quanzhou,“Pu” is the executive community, while“Jing” is the natural community. Compared with executive community, natural community has astronger regional sense of belonging to the geographical and cultural identity.“Pu” of executivecommunity is composed by one or a number of “Jing” which is belong to natural communities.When executive community is consistent with natural community,“Pu” is the “Jing”, and thewishes of official and the recognition of civil come to an agreement.The zoning system of “Yu→Tu→Pu→Jing” of the ancient city Quanzhou is the vivid exampleof interactive integration about the official administrative divisions and civil society grass-rootslevel organizations. And it is also a “living fossil” in the Chinese traditional living community. ToPujing space in the ancient area of Quanzhou as the carrier, this article makes the link of thefolk-beliefs and residential community to the main line for the first time, and studies the formationmechanism and the evolution track about the traditional urban living community, and expends theinvestigative vision of contemporary urban living community.Drawing the biological ideal of “suiting measures to local conditions” and “NatureConvergence” from the shape of traditional community space, getting the traditional elements,restoring the regional character of urban and architecture; the cultural stability and historicalcontinuity displayed by the urban and architectural spatial form, is beneficial to strengthening thesense of belonging and identity to the spirit place of urban space for the community residents.Finally, from integrating some points of psychological theory, the article put forward a concept of“cognitive threshold”, and points out that “cognitive threshold” should be used as an importantreference for building the reasonable size of future urban living community.更多还原