【作者】 赵岩；

【导师】 陈忠达；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 随着我国公路交通事业的发展，交通事故成为影响人们生命财产安全的重要及和谐社会建设的阻碍。论文以公路事故多发段为研究对象，针对目前的交通安全状况，提出路面警示这一具有交通安全辅助作用的新形式。通过路面颜色的变化，给驾驶人员提供一种新的行车环境。尤其是用在事故多发路段，用来警示驾驶人员，通过其主动减速，谨慎驾驶，达到降低交通事故的目的。论文首先采用层次分析法对公路交通安全状况进行了评价，建立了交通安全综合模糊评价模型。基于层次分析原理，建立了公路事故多发地段安全状况三级评价指标体系，并对不同事故多发地段制定了匹配指标。人是引起交通事故的最关键因素，预防交通事故的发生应从驾驶员的生理心理作用干预驾驶行为的角度入手。从驾驶行为、驾驶视觉与心理特性，提出了警示路面通过对于预防的公路交通事故的理论依据。从色彩的角度，研究了驾驶员的视觉生理与心理特性和色彩对驾驶员行为的引导与控制功能。通过半开放式调查问卷的方式研究了驾驶员的色彩心理语义和不同色彩下驾驶员的警醒水平。分析结果表明，红色、黄色的警示效果最好。根据应用心理学与生理学和生物耦合仿生原理，以蛇为主要仿生对象，根据动物的仿生特征提取警戒色与视觉信息的耦合关系，研究了警示路面耦合仿生设计方法。采用“显色仿生+单色仿生”、“显色仿生+双色仿生”、“显色仿生+多色仿生”的仿生形式和“具象形态仿生”、“秩序结构仿生”、“抽象仿生”的图形形态仿生形式，对长大下坡、隧道入口、长直线、公路匝道和急弯路段等五种事故多发段进行了针对性的警示路面耦合仿生设计。并根据驾驶视觉原理和路线特征，给出了典型事故多发段的警示段设置长度、设置位置和用色标准，并建立了路面警示生物耦合可拓分析模型。最后，通过依托工程，对设置路面警示路段实施前后的交通事故进行统计对比分析，结果表明：设置警示路面能显著降低事故多发路段的交通事故，体现了警示路面良好的预警作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Road traffic accident in China has been the severe form，which will influence the lifeproperty safety of people and the construction of Harmonious Society of the importantobstacles，while the existing accident prevention measures have little effect. According to thecurrent situation of the traffic safety， the road accident prone section as the research object，we put forward road warning pavement which is a new form of traffic safety auxiliary role.By changing the surface color， especially for the accident prone sections， to give the driverwarning pavement，giving the drivers provide a new driving environment. Giving full play totheir subjective initiative， drive carefully， traffic accidents can be prevented.For the longitudinal gradient descent， the long straight line， tunnel entrance， bend，ramp etc， this paper uses the analytic hierarchy process， and establishes the accident proneperiod of safety evaluation model. We can use this model to select the security level at a"critical state" and "unsafe" section， and then set warning pavement. This has applicationvalue.Through the half open questionnaire survey， the driver’s color psychological meaningand color visual psychological coupling was studied. The results showed that： the effect ofdifferent colors to the driver’s alert level has the remarkable difference， the best effect ofyellow and red alert; color in the driver’s subjective awareness structure distribution in theconcept of different colors; the driver alert degree no blue shift; morphological color symbolsand visual physical coupling produces psychological warning function. The driver color alertlevel provides the physiological psychology basis for the design and application of warningpavement.Through color physiology，psychology and coupling bionics interdisciplinary，throughthe bionic characteristics of animal research coupling relation extraction warning color andvisual information. The snake as the main bionic object， this article proposes a designmethod of coupling warning pavement. Based on five typical accidents prone section thispaper put forward a design scheme of coupling bionic warning pavement， and based on thevisual psychology and safety warning settings determine the pavement length and position，established by coupling the color standard and warning pavement life extension model， and this with reference to the application of warning pavement technology.Through the contrast before and after the traffic accident on the project settings warningpavement analysis， the result shows that the warning pavement to reduce the traffic accidentwarning effect. From the point of warning effect， the paper put forward the warningpavement anti oil pollution index and anti soil pollution index and test method.更多还原