【作者】 张林；

【导师】 吴智平；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学（华东） ， 地质学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 济阳坳陷在新生代发育过程中产生了大量的变换构造。本文在对大量地震剖面、相干体切片、构造埋深图、沉积相带展布、测井、录井等资料综合分析的基础上，结合变换构造的判识原则及方法，准确判识了济阳坳陷典型新生代变换构造，刻画了其几何学特征并建立了类型划分方案；利用断层古落差、活动速率、变换强度（k=lt/lm）以及平衡剖面技术，定量分析了典型变换构造的运动学特征，恢复了济阳坳陷新生代变换构造的形成与演化过程，明确了不同期次变换构造的时空展布特征；结合区域地质背景，明确了变换构造的成因机制；根据以上分析，结合变换构造发育地区的油气地质条件及油气成藏实例，分析了变换构造与油气成藏的关系，建立了不同类型变换构造的成藏模式。研究结果表明：济阳坳陷新生代变换构造受到盆地应力场变化、局部块体伸展作用、中生代先存断裂以及盆地基底“凹凸相间”等多种因素的的共同作用，形成了一级、二级、三级及其它更低级别等不同规模的变换构造；按照“主干断层剖面类型+平面组合+内部构造样式”可划分为同向超接雁列型等20多个小类；先存断裂成为变换构造发育的优势地区，发育了具有继承型、具有继承改造型、具有消亡型以及具有复合型先存断裂的一级及少数二级变换构造。伸展、走滑－伸展等作用的控制下形成了变换构造内部的多种构造样式，济阳坳陷新生代变换构造经历了孔店期初始变形沙四期复杂破裂沙三期－沙二期伸展破裂沙一期萎缩东营末期活化新近纪－第四纪消亡六个阶段，与经典断陷盆地中的变换构造发育过程有所差异；自西向东发育时间由晚早晚早、变换强度由弱强弱强的时空差异，整体上以调节水平伸展变形为主，辅以调节非均匀伸展过程中产生的垂向升降幅度的差异。济阳坳陷变换构造对源岩的展布与成熟度、砂砾岩体以及区域储层的展布具有明显的控制作用，形成了以构造、构造－岩性为主的油气藏。其中，背向型变换构造多具有双向供烃的特征，成藏条件最好，其次为同向型变换构造，相向型变换构造多为单一生烃洼陷的近源供烃成藏模式。变换构造的活动期次、活动强度及其与相邻凹陷的成藏要素时空匹配导致了不同变换构造油气富集程度存在明显的差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Transfer structures developed during the extension process during Cenozoic. Based onthe comprehensive analysis of seismic profiles, coherence slices, structure isoclines map,sedimentary facieses, logging data,et al, referring to the identification principle and method,the Cenozoic transfer structures and their geometry features were identified, then thecategory schemes were founded. The kinematics features were quantitatively analyzed by themethod of fault throw, activity rate, transfer degree（k=lt/lm）and balanced cross section. Theformation and evolutionary process were restored and the distributions of different phaseswere made sure. Referring to the regional structural background, the formation mechanismwas made definite. Based on the hydrocarbon geologic settings and reservoir cases of transferstructures, the relationships between transfer structures and reservoir formation wereanalyzed, and the models were established. The conclusions can be stated as follows:The Cenozoic structures were formed by the comprehensive controls by the"concave-convex" basement structure, the former Mesozoic fault system, the stress fieldtransformation and the local block elongation. Under these controls, the1st,2nd,3rdeven lowerorder transfer structures were formed. They could be divided by "master faults profiles styles+plane styles+internal styles " into more than20subclassess, such as synthetic-overlapped-collateral transfer structure. The transfer structure owned the type of the "successional","successional-reconstructive","consuming" and "composite" former faults as a result of theformer Mesozoic fault system provided the advantage area.Under the control of extension,strike slip-extension and diapir,et al, various structures styles of transfer sturcture wereformed.The Cenozoic transfer structures in Jiyang Depression experienced the prscess of"original deformation (Ek) complex fragmentation (Es4) extensional fragmentation(Es3-Es2) retrogradation(Es1) reactivation (the end of Ed) die-away (N-Q)", which was different from the typical transfer structure in rift basin. The transfer structures chieflyaccommodated the extension conservation of the whole Jiyang Depression, and secondly thevertical divergence resulted from the nonhomogeneity extension. The transfer structuresbegan in different time, and the transfer degree varied in different areas. They developedearliest and strongest in Dongying Sag.The source rock distribution and maturity, glutenite and regional reservoir beds werecontrolled by the transfer structures, where structural and structural-lithologic reservoirs weremainly formed. Antitropic transfer structures owned the best hydrocarbon geologic settingsfor the double source feed, secondly was the synthetic type. The synthetic developednear-source reservoir model. The activity periods and strength and their match to the keyreservoir elements dominates the differences of hydrocarbon richness in in transfer structures.更多还原