【作者】 杨明发；

【导师】 张培铭；

【作者基本信息】 福州大学 ， 电机与电器， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 由于作为主要动力源的异步电动机在经济建设中发挥着重要作用，因此高水平的异步电动机保护技术研究始终是电器领域主要的研究方向之一。异步电动机保护技术研究的关键是建立准确的电动机保护模型。本文针对现有异步电动机保护技术研究与应用存在的问题，以实际测量异步电动机易测部位的温度分布为基础，应用求解传热反问题的方法建立了比较准确的定子全域三维温度场仿真模型。以该温度场仿真模型为基础建立了异步电动机定子温度分布虚拟测试平台。基于定子最高温度检测与保护的思路，提出异步电动机定子绕组最高温度的软测量保护模型、定子绕组最高温度预测保护模型与定子绕组最高温度在线检测保护模型。最后提出了基于异步电动机保护模型的保护方案及其实现方法。本文的研究思路也可适用于各种类型电机的温度保护。论文的主要研究内容包括：一、本文对电动机保护器的发展历程与现状、电动机保护模型与相关技术的研究概况做了较详细的综述，指出了电动机保护技术存在的问题及发展的方向。二、构建了异步电动机定子温度分布实际测试系统，对典型运行状态下的异步电动机定子三维温度分布进行了测试。本文对定子三维温度分布的状况进行分析并提出改善最高温度区域散热条件，降低定子绕组最高温度的思路。三、在电动机发热理论的基础上，建立了定子全域三维温度场仿真基本模型。根据传热反问题的思路采用正交试验法进行基本模型相关热参数和边界条件的反计算，建立了较为准确的定子全域三维温度场仿真模型。四、建立基于定子全域三维温度场仿真模型的异步电动机定子温度分布虚拟测试平台。应用该平台对各种运行状态下的电动机稳态温度分布及瞬态温度变化进行虚拟测试和研究。在此基础上提出优化电动机散热结构、提高电动机长期过载运行能力的措施。五、以定子最高温度检测与保护为原则，基于定子绕组集中参数热模型建立了异步电动机定子绕组最高温度软测量保护模型和定子绕组最高温度预测保护模型。在建立以上保护模型的过程中应用虚拟测试平台研究并确定模型的关键参数，通过实验验证以上模型及其参数的准确性。此外，提出了基于电流与定子绕组最高温度在线直接检测的保护模型。六、研究异步电动机定子绕组最高温度保护技术方案，提出基于定子绕组最高温度软测量的保护方案、基于定子绕组最高温度预测的保护方案和基于定子绕组最高温度在线检测的保护方案，对三种保护方案的特点与应用进行了比较。显然，本文根据电动机发热理论，建立基于传热反问题的定子全域三维温度场仿真模型的虚拟测试平台。在此基础上，针对运行最高温度保护原则提出了新的保护模型与保护方案以及提高其额定负载与过载性能的措施。本文提出的异步电动机保护技术的总体研究思路与成果将推动异步电动机保护技术的研究与应用，对于其他类型的电机保护技术研究也有借鉴作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the main power source of industrial enterprises, motor play an important rolein the economy construction. High level asynchronous motor protection technologyis always one of the main research directions of electrical apparatus.Establishing an accurate protection model is the key of induction motorprotection technology research. According to the problems of existing inductionmotor protection technology research and application, a more accurate3Dtemperature field simulation model of whole stator was established by solving theinverse problem of heat conduction based on the temperature distribution datameasured in easily measure area. The induction motor stator temperature virtual testplatform is developed based on the model. According to the ideas about themaximum temperature detection and protection of stator, the soft measuringprotection model，the forecast protection model and on-line detection protectionmodel for the maximum temperature of stator winding are proposed. Finally, theprotection program and its implementation based on the model are presented. Theresearch ideas about temperature protection also apply to a variety of motors.The main research contents include:1、This paper made a more detailed overview of the development and currentsituation of motor protection device and the researching situation of motor protectionmodel and related technologies, and point out the problems and developmentdirection of motor protection technology.2、Constructed the induction motor stator temperature distribution measurementsystem, and the actual3D temperature distribution of induction motor stator weretested at typical operating conditions. The causes of the stator3D temperaturedistribution were analyzed in this paper, and ideas were proposed to improving coolconditions and reducing the maximum temperature of stator windings.3、The basic whole stator3D temperature field simulation model was establishedbase on the heat theory of electric motor. Parameters and boundary conditions of thebasic model was anti-calculated by orthogonal test method. Then a more accuratewhole stator3D temperature field simulation model was established. 4、A induction motor stator temperature virtual test platform is developed basedon the3D temperature field simulation model. Steady-state temperature distributionand transient temperature change of the motor under all kinds of operation conditionsare measured by the platform. The temperature distribution and the law oftemperature variation can be studied. This paper also proposes the scheme aboutoptimizing the heat dissipation structure and improving the capability of long-termoverload operation of the motor.5、Following the maximum temperature detection and protection of stator asguiding principle, the soft sensing protection model and forecast protection model forthe maximum temperature of stator winding are proposed based on the lumpedparameter thermal model of stator winding. The key parameters of the models aboveare analyzed and determined by the test platform and experimental results validatethe accuracy of the above model and parameters. Furthermore, the protection modelbased on the on-line detection of the current and the maximum temperature of thestator is established.6、The maximum temperature protection technology of stator winding ofinduction motor is studied. The three protection programs based on soft sensing,forecasting and on-line detecting for maximum temperature of stator winding,respectively are given and the features of the above programs are compared.Obviously, according to the heat theory of the motor, the virtual test platform of3D temperature field simulation model of whole stator is developed in this paperbased on inverse problem of heat conduction. On this basis and according to theprotection principle of maximum operation temperature, a new protection model andprogram are proposed, as well as the measures of improving the rated load capabilityand overload performance. The overall research ideas and results of protectiontechnology for induction motor, which are proposed in this paper, will promote theresearch and application of motor protection technology. It also has a reference forprotection technology researching of other types of motor.更多还原