【作者】 于远祥；

【导师】 谷拴成；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 岩土工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 复杂条件下矩形巷道围岩破坏规律及其支护技术研究是煤矿建设和生产中的重要课题之一。开展矩形巷道围岩变形机理研究具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。本文以王村煤矿为工程背景，采用理论分析、数值模拟及现场试验相结合的方法开展研究工作研究等多种方法，对矩形巷道围岩的变形破坏机理进行深入研究，所得成果在13503工作面运输顺槽的支护试验中得到了成功应用。主要结论有：⑴研究了矩形巷道围岩变形破坏的基本规律。结果表明，当高跨比一定时，随两帮侧压力的增大，矩形巷道角部应力持续增加。当角部岩体所受压应力超过其极限强度后产生压剪破坏而形成塑性区，在顶底板和两帮的中间部位首先发生拉裂破坏，表现为顶底板及两帮的位移量均逐渐增大；当侧压力一定时，随高跨比的增加，矩形巷道围岩应力最大值仍出现在顶底板与两帮的角部区域内，角部应力先增加后降低，并在高跨比为1时达到最小值。两帮稳定性随巷道高跨比的增加逐渐降低，而顶底板稳定性则随其高跨比的增加而迅速增加，表现为两帮位移量随巷道高跨比的增加而增加，而顶底板位移量却随巷道高跨比的增加而减小。⑵分析了矩形巷道围岩变形破坏的力学机理。结果表明，单一岩层顶板的稳定性取决于弹性模量、泊松比及其厚跨比，而复合层状顶板的稳定性则与其综合弹性模量及泊松比密切相关，其变形破坏过程包括承载调整→刚度弱化→应力调整→顶板稳定或失稳四个阶段；将矩形巷道帮部的变形区域划分为破碎区、塑性区及弹性区，给出了巷帮极限平衡区内岩体荷载的分布规律，建立了巷帮塑性区宽度及其水平位移公式，推导了两帮挤压流动下巷道底板的最大破坏深度。⑶研究了矩形巷道不同顶板的破坏范围及其形态。针对普氏平衡拱理论在工程实际运用中的不足，讨论了底板稳定和两帮楔形破坏时不同侧压力下单一岩层顶板及复合层状顶板的平衡拱形态及矢高。针对矩形巷道围岩破坏后围岩应力状态按椭圆巷道分布这一特点，以椭圆巷道的最大内接矩形巷道为条件，分析得到椭圆巷道与其最大内接矩形巷道具有相同的高跨比。基于椭圆巷道围岩应力与轴比的关系，建立了矩形巷道最佳高跨比与其侧压力系数的关系公式，为矩形巷道断面的合理设计提供了依据。⑷开展了矩形巷道围岩变形破坏的现场实测研究。针对现有围岩松动圈理论在研究矩形巷道围岩变形破坏时的不足，运用深基点多点位移计和钻孔窥视相结合的方法，对王村煤矿主要矩形回采巷道围岩的变形破坏范围进行了现场监测。结果表明，当断面面积一定时，巷道顶板松动范围随高跨比的增加而减小，两帮松动范围则随高跨比的增加而增加。通过对大量实测数据的整理与分析，建立了考虑巷道埋深、岩性及跨度的围岩松动范围预测公式。⑸以王村矿13503工作面运输顺槽为试验巷道，运用研究成果对巷道断面尺寸和原有支护方案及参数进行了优化。结果表明，基于矩形巷道围岩变形破坏机理来确定其围岩断面大小和支护参数是合理可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The failure law and support technology research of rectangular roadway under complexconditions is an important issue of coal mine construction and production. To carry out arectangle surrounding rock deformation mechanism study has important theoreticalsignificance and practical engineering value In this paper，studys on the surrounding rockdeformation mechanism and control technology of the laneway on the background of WangCun coal mine by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, site monitoring as well aslaboratory.The main conclusions are as follows:⑴The basic law of the rectangle surrounding rock deformation and failure were studied.The results showed that when the span-height ratio is constant,with the lateral pressureincreasing,the stress continues to increase in rectangular laneways corner, corner rock causesshear failure, the crack or shear failure is occurred in the roof, composite-layered roof andboth sides and its displacement gradually increas. When the lateral pressure coefficient isconstant, with the span-heigh ratio increasing, the corner stress increases firstly and thendecreases.The displacement of both sides increases, while the displacement of the roof withcomposite-layered roof decreases.⑵Analyzed the mechanical mechanism of the deformation and failure about thesurrounding rock in rectangular laneway was studied systematically. The results show that thestability of a single layer roof depends on elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio and thickness-spanratio, while the stability of the composite layer roof related with its consolidated elasticmodulus and Poisson’s closely whose deformation and failure include four phases which is theadjustment of structural carrying capacity, the weakness of structural overall stiffness,the stress adjustment and the structural instability.The displacement of coal sides in rectangularlaneways inculdes the crush zone, plastic zone and the elastic zone.It provided thedistribution of load in coal sides’ limit equilibrium region, was established about the coalplastic zone formula of the width and horizontal displacement and was derived about themaximum failure depth of the backplane when both sides is squeezed.(3)Studied the extent of failure and the form of failure in different sides pressure.As theplatts balance arch theory is inadequate in the practical engineering application,this paperstudys on the stablity of the backplane and the balance arch shape of the single layered roofand composite layered roof in different sides pressure.According to the features of rock stressstate by ellipse laneways distributing after rectangular laneways rock failure,it was derived onmaximal span-height ratio of elliptical maximum inscribed rectangle laneways.Based on therelationship of elliptic surrounding rock stress with the axial ratio,the paper establish theoptimal span-height ratio formula of rectangular laneways by elliptical maximum inscribedrectangle laneways which provides a basis for rectangular laneways’ design.(4)The field test study on deformation and failure of surrounding rock of rectangulartunnels was launched. Aiming at the destruction of the deformation and failure of surroundingrock circle theory in the study of the existing rectangular roadway surrounding rock of deeppoint, the method of multi-point displacement meter and sight combination is used, the mainrectangular roadway surrounding rock deformation and failure scope of Wangcun mine fieldmonitoring. Through the collation and analysis of many data, established the buried depth,roof lithology and span and two for damage range of single and multiple factors predictingformula considers rectangular tunnel.(5)The transport of Wangcun mine13503working face crossheading roadway as test,using the above research results to the field of surrounding rock of the original supportscheme and parameters were optimized. The results show that, the mechanism of deformationand failure of surrounding rock of roadway surrounding rock based on rectangle to determinesection size and support parameters are reasonable and feasible.更多还原