【作者】 付中敏；

【导师】 王平义；

【作者基本信息】 重庆交通大学 ， 港口、海岸及近海工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 本文在已有研究成果及相关基础资料分析的基础上，采用概化水槽试验结合理论分析的手段，系统分析了山区河流弯曲干流型汇合口交汇河段表面水流流速流向、水面等高线分布、分离区与汇流比及入汇角的关系、水面纵横比降的变化等表面水流运动及水面线特征，深入研究了干支流交汇河段水流流速垂线分布、纵向分布、水流动力轴线、底面附近流速矢量及剪切应力分布、交汇区的环流结构、水流紊动能和紊动强度等水流流速分布及紊动特性，探讨了干支流交汇河段泥沙冲淤机理和推移质泥沙运动规律。通过建立三维水流数学模型，解决了山区河段汇合口段三维水流模拟技术，研究了长江与沱江汇合口段多种流量组合条件下水流的三维特点。本文取得的研究成果不仅可以作为对干支流汇合口河段枢纽影响前后水流和泥沙冲淤特性做出模拟分析，同时有利于总结水沙运动变化规律，为山区河流弯曲干流型汇合口水沙运动规律研究提供相应的理论基础和技术支持，对于山区河流弯曲干流型汇合口可持续开发和治理具有重要的理论价值与现实意义。本文的主要创新点有：（1）通过水槽概化模型试验，首次系统研究了弯曲干流型汇合口附近区域水流特性及水流结构，结合实际河段从理论上初步揭示了弯曲干流型汇合口河段淤积碍航机理。（2）对分离区相对长度和相对宽度与汇流比和入汇角的关系进行公式拟合，首次给出了弯曲干流型汇合口河段分离区相对长度和相对宽度与汇流比和入汇角变化的关系式。（3）采用基于非静压假定的三维水流数学模型，解决了山区河段汇合口段三维水流模拟问题，模拟了长江与沱江汇合口水流三维运动情况，初步揭示了长江与沱江汇合口段的三维水流特性，对该河段航道维护和建设具有指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the existing research results and basic data analysis, carrying out flumeexperiment with theory analysis, this study analyzed the surface flow direction, surfacecontour distribution, relationship between separating zone and confluence ratio andinflow angle, water surface gradient change in the longitudinal and lateral direction atbending main stream confluence port of mountain river; studied the vertical velocitydistribution, longitudinal distribution, flow dynamic axis, velocity vector and shearstress distribution, circulation structure at confluence, turbulence kinetic energy andturbulence intensity; investigated the theory of erosion and deposition at confluence port,the bed-load moving regulation. By building the2-D modeling at confluence port, therelationship between confluence ratio and water surface gradient, confluence ratio andsurface flowing velocity, distribution of erosion and deposition and waterway depthchanging were analyzed; the affection by the upstream hydro-power station regulationto the water flowing and sediment transportation at river confluence port wasinvestigated further.This study results can not only be used to model the water flowing and sedimenterosion and deposition at upstream and downstream of confluence port by the mainstream and tributary stream, but also be used to summarize the water flowing andsediment transportation law, to provide the technical support on the study of waterflowing and sediment transportation law at confluence port. That has important valueson the development and management of the bending main stream confluence port in themountain river.The innovations in the dissertations are as follows:(1) This thesis first systematically studied flow characteristics and flow structuresaround the bend-mainstream confluence by the flume generalized model experiment.And combining with the actual river section, it preliminary revealed navigationmechanism of bend-mainstream confluence river from the theory.(2) It progressed formula fitting for relationships among the relative length and therelative width of the separation zone, discharge ratios, and inflow angles. And it gaveformulas for relationships among the relative length and the relative width of theseparation zone, discharge ratios, and inflow angles in the bend-mainstream confluencefor the first time. (3) The3D flow mathematical models was built. Models used orthogonalcurvilinear grid and unstructured triangle grid to split calculate area, this method solvedthe difficulty that occurred when3D flow simulation technology problem. It simulatedthe Three dimensional motion in confluences of the Yangtze river and toujiang river.Current character was shown at the junction of Yangtze River and Tuojiang Preliminary,which have a significance for channel maintenance and construction of this riversection.更多还原