【作者】 刘莉；

【导师】 田国双；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 林业的核心内涵是对森林资源的合理经营与科学管理,就中国目前的研究情况看,从统计核算角度进行的宏观层面资源评估研究较多并且主要集中于生态效益,然而,较少研究微观层面的种质资源价值。“森林是产生生命的资源,遗传资源是产生生命的血脉。”从联合国粮食及农业组织对森林种质资源的纲领性描述可见其对人类生存和生产的重要意义。本文以保护森林植物种质资源为目的,通过文献研究与实证分析的方法,从价值评估角度对森林植物种质资源进行研究,比较归纳传统劳动价值论、效用价值论、自然资源价值论以及生态价值论中对于森林植物种质资源价值构成的理论支撑,并以此形成了森林植物种质资源价值的基本理论依据和研究方法。在多学科相关理论基础指导下,对森林植物种质资源价值构成进行分类,即明确研究对象的具体特征,针对不同层次特性与服务功能包含的不同价值,提出种质遗传资源价值、载体资源价值及生境资源价值为一体的综合价值体系。对森林植物种质资源价值进行定性分析的基础上,采用多种森林资源价值评价方法对其进行量化研究。完善森林模拟优化模型(FSOS),以白河林业局基础数据利用模型进行实证分析,评价不同经营管理措施下区域性种质资源总量动态及其未来资源价值变化潜势。同时,也为具体林业企业未来多目标平衡经营方案提供了决策支持。本研究通过价值理论在森林植物种质资源评价方面的研究,确定森林植物种质资源价值表现形式,为同类研究奠定良好的理论基础。选取适用的评价方法对森林植物种质资源价值进行量化研究,以最低经济效益为基本原则,建立区域森林植物种质资源价值评价体系,有助于利益相关者了解种质资源价值大小,从意识形态上了解种质资源的重要性,在利益机制的驱动下,采取有效的保护措施和理性的利用观。完善FSOS模型,以经济效益分析代替原来的木材产品分析,研究不同经营措施与未来资源总量及其经济服务能力的关系,实现从静态和动态两方面反映森林植物种质资源价值,为建立森林植物种质资源保护和利用的补偿机制提供依据,为当地的林业经济发展提供必要的决策支持,具有重要的现实意义和科学价值。本研究的创新性体现在将森林植物种质遗传资源价值纳入到森林资源评估范畴,丰富扩展了森林资源的内涵,并创新性地将森林植物种质资源价值要素融入森林模拟优化模型(FSOS),并首次运用该模型对具体森林资源进行实证分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 The core connotation of forestry is the reasonable operation and scientific management to the forest resources. As so far the domestic studies, there are many macroscopical researches to study the resources evaluation from statistic accounting perspective and all focus on ecological benefits. However, there are less microcoscopical researches to study the germplasm resources values."Forests are the resources that can produce life, and genetic resources are the blood that can produce life." It can be seen that it has a great significance for human survival and production, based on the programmatic description on forest germplasm resources of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization.The purpose of this paper is to protect the forest plant germplasm resources. The main research method includes methods of literature review and emprirical analysis to study the forest plant germplasm resources from the angle of valuation. And the theoretical foundation of this paper includes comparison and induction to the traditional labor theory of value, utility theory of value, natural resource theory of value and ecological theory of value in the forest plant germplasm resources value. Drawing on the related theories from several disciplines, the author classifies the composition of the forest plant germplasm resources value, namely definites the specific features of the research object, and proposes comprehensive value system including germplasm genetic value, germplasm carrier value and germplasm habitat value for different levels of features and different values of the service functions. Based on the qualitative analysis of the forest plant germplasm resources value, this paper makes a quantitative research on the forest resources value evaluation by several methods. In order to improve FSOS model, this paper makes empirical analysis to evaluate regional dynamic total of germplasm resources under different management measures and its changes of resources value in the future, based on the basis data of Baihe Forestry Bureau by using model. Meanwhile, it provides support for the decision-making on multi-objective management plans for the forestry enterprises in the future.This research shows the forms of forest plant germplasm resources value through studying the theory of value in the forest plant germplasm resources evaluation research, and establishes a theoretical foundation for similar researches. Through the forest plant germplasm resource value quantification, with the lowest economic benefit as the basic principle and the establishment of regional forest plant germplasm resource value evaluation system, help stakeholders know germplasm resources value size, from the ideological understanding the importance of germplasm resources, in the interests of the drive mechanism, take effective protective measures and rational use of view. In order to improve FSOS model, the author makes an analysis of economic benefits instead of an analysis of original wood products, studies different management measures and the total amount of resources and the relationship between the economic service ability and realize from the static and dynamic two aspects reflect forest plant germplasm resource valuem, for the building of forest plant germplasm resources protection and utilization of the compensation mechanism provides the basis for and for local forestry economic development to provide the necessary decision support, has the important practical significance and scientific value.The innovation of this paper is embodied in the value of forest plant germplasm genetic resources into the category of forest resource assessment, expanded the connotation of forest resources, abundant and innovative forest plant germplasm resources value elements into the simulation optimization model (FSOS), and makes an empirical analysis using the model of specific forest resources for the first time.更多还原