【作者】 戴亦军；

【导师】 朱自强；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 海拉尔—塔木察格盆地是大庆油田第二次创业的重要基地,多年来开展了很多工作。作者在实践的基础上,在国家863课题“重力张量正反演技术研究”和国家自然科学基金项目“全重力梯度张量弱异常信息识别,提取及反演”的资助下,探索通过重磁工作对盆地的构造进行研究分析。并得到地震、电法的支持验证其可靠性、有效性后,全面开展电磁法工作以对盆地构造进行重点研究。本文研究的内容主要有：(1)分析区域大地构造位置、地层、岩浆岩、构造和石油的生、储、盖和物性的一般特征和综合特征；(2)利用小波变换等方法对重磁数据进行了资料处理和异常分析；(3)海塔盆地断裂带重力异常特征及大断裂的展布及体系研究分析；(4)基底岩性及空间展布状态；(5)划分了海塔盆地的断陷构造单元,阐述了火山岩的分布,预测了中生代侏罗系可能分布的范围；(6)宏观上分析研究了深层结构面的形态和此盆地的低温梯度特征；(7)在佳蒙地块的地质运动和构造演化基础之上,提出了海塔盆地的形成和发展,分析了在此过程中的构造特色与深浅层构造控制作用；研究结果表明：物性和层序都相当的布达特群与万宝组可能同属一层,为中侏罗统。选择不同的重磁资料处理方法,能较准确地推测不同特征断裂的构造、岩性等地质信息。文中总结了海塔盆地的9条区域性大断裂和伴随着大断裂的次级一般基底断裂、12条深大断裂体系。通过重磁资料的分析海塔盆地的基底属古生界,元古界,陡窄深凹的地质体,其重力反演难以实现,因此建议把“中部断陷带”与“巴彦山隆起”合并为中部断陷带。“佳蒙地块”的演化经历了微地块的併合、华北地台的併合、西伯利亚板块的南冲、古太平洋板块的俯冲等阶段,为盆地的形成与发展提供了基底条件与扭张应力。本文通过海塔盆地的边界特征、古生界基底的软垫作用、断陷盆地由剪→张→裂→断→坳的发展过程,说明了地壳结构对上覆盖层的控制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hailaer-tamuchage Basin is an important station of Daqing oil field.and many works have been done here.Based on field studies and on the support of national863project,Research about forward and inversion of gravity gradient tensor and National Natural Science Foundation project. Discrimination,extraction and inversion Weak anomaly of gravity gradient tensor", structures of the basin through gravity and magnetic data analysed and studied.After confirming it reliability and effectiveness by seismic and resistivity method,A lot of gravity and magnetic work have been done to study the structure of the basin.The main contents of this paper include:(1)It analyzes the general and overall characteristics of regional tectonic location,stratigraphic,magmatic, tectonic and petroleum source,reservoir,cover and physical properties.(2)This paper made data processing and anomalies analysis for gravity and magnetic using wavelet transform and other methods.(3)The research and analysis of Haita basin fault’s gravity anomalies and the spread and the system of a large rupture is proposed in this paper.(4)Basement lithology and spatial distribution state.(5)It divided the rift tectonic unit of Haita basin and described the distribution of volcanic rocks.(6)This paper analyzed the morphology of deep structure surface and the low temperature gradient characteristics of this basin in the macro.(7)Based on the geological movement and tectonic evolution of Jiangmusi-Mongolia Block,the formation and development of Haita basin was proposed, this paper analyzes the structure features and the role of the depth structural control in the process.The results show that:the Budate and Manpower Group’s properties and sequence are quite that may belong to the same level, is the Middle Jurassic. Selecting a different gravity and magnetic data processing methods can more accurately guess the different characteristics of fracture of the structure, lithology and other geological information. The article summarized the nine regional faults of Haita basin and secondary normal basement faults associated with big faults,12deep fault system. Through the analysis of gravity and magnetic data,the basement of Haita basin is a paleozoic, proterozoic,steep and narrow furrow of the geological,the gravity inversion is difficult to achieve,so we recommend "the central rift zone" and "Bayan mountain uplift" Merging into the central rift zone. The evolution of " Jiangmusi-Mongolia Block " has gone through an accumulation of micro-plots,an accumulation of the North China platform,southern red of Siberian plate and the subduction of ancient pacific plate, it provides a basal conditions and transtensional stress for the basin’s formation and development. In this paper,through Haita basin’s boundary features, the cushion effect of the paleozoic basements,the cut, sheets,crack,break,pass of rift basin,it illustrates the control action of the structure of the crust to the cover.更多还原