【作者】 郭刚；

【导师】 岳意定；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 在我国区域经济发展及新农村建设时期,作为区域经济发展重要基点的农村金融对农村经济发展起着重要的作用,对农村经济与农村金融关系的研究对促进农村经济发展就显得很重要。而研究我国区域农村经济的协调发展,必然涉及我国区域农村经济增长的条件与相应的动力机制问题,而一个很重要的方面就是研究影响农村金融资本形成、配置、产出效率,运用农村金融发展理论对中国区域农村金融发展层面进行深入而全面的研究,分析中国区域农村经济发展中的资本形成模式与农村金融特点,更准确地把握区域农村金融发展的基本现实,理清区域农村金融发展与中部农村经济增长的脉络关系,这对寻找缩小区域农村差距的金融对策具有重大的理论与现实意义。随着中部崛起战略规划的付诸实施,中部农村经济发展已成为中部崛起战略的重要构成部分。但是因为中部农村存在“经济塌陷”和“金融弱化”现象,所以对中部地区农村经济塌陷的金融支持进行理论及实证研究就显得更为重要与更有现实意义。论文以促进中部区域农村经济发展的农村金融支持为着眼点,在前人丰富的区域经济增长理论、内生经济增长理论、金融理论、农村金融理论等研究为指导的基础上,采用了规范和实证分析、定性和定量分析、理论与实践分析相结合的方法,将经典的区域经济增长与区域金融发展理论运用到区域农村这一特殊的研究对象中,并通过中部地区详实的数据对比与实证计量分析来考察中部地区农村经济与农村金融发展状况、把握中部地区农村金融与农村经济发展的内在关系,并进而探讨中部区域农村经济发展农村金融策略,具体得出以下结论：(1)建立了分析金融与区域经济增长关系的理论模型及农村金融发展的衡量指标,并获得的基本观点是：金融发展促进区域经济发展,现代区域经济发展离不开区域金融发展的支持,而区域金融发展又是以区域经济发展为基础的。这种观点可以对农村金融支持农村经济发展提供借鉴。(2)通过中部区域六个省份农村经济与农村金融的比较分析,揭示中部地区农村经济与农村金融体系存在的困境：由于农村金融市场化程度低、金融深化程度低及农户资金供求短缺,从而形成了农村金融对农村经济发展的抑制,导致中部农村经济塌陷。根据这种情况总结了金融支持农村经济发展的国际经验,总结了影响中部区域农村经济发展的主要金融因素为金融供需、金融创新、金融服务及金融制度等四个主要因素。(3)从内生经济增长模型入手,构建了中部区域农村经济发展的内生化模型,并分析该内生模型中农村金融发展的作用机理：在农村内生经济增长模型中,农村金融支撑农村经济发展最终途径主要靠中部区域农村金融发展通过货币资金储蓄效应、农村金融投资效应及资源配置效应推动中部区域农村地区物质资本积累、人力资本积累及技术进步,以促进中部区域农村经济增长。因为中部地区农村金融是中部地区农村经济运行的重要动力,而在农村金融服务体系中存在信息不对称与交易成本产生了中部区域农村金融中介,中部区域农村金融中介的发展通过中部区域农村金融服务系统资源配置、支付与清算及金融风险分散功能来影响农村金融的的规模、结构与效率,由此再来影响某一个区域的农村金融深化；而中部区域农村金融发展能够通过农村金融储蓄效应、投资效应及资源配置效应来推动中部区域农村物质资本积累、人力资本积累与技术进步,而中部区域农村物质资本积累又具有正的外部性以推动中部区域农村劳动力资本积累的研究与发展部门。通过农村金融的储蓄、物质资本积累、劳动力积累及研究与发展部门共同作用,促进中部区域农村经济增长。(4)运用面板数据模型,对中部区域农村金融对农村经济的支持度进行分析,并对虚拟变量交互项的解释,来确定中部区域农村金融发展变量对因变量中部地区农村经济发展的偏效；以上实证分析表明：在短期内,中部农村农村金融规模与效率对中部农村经济发展具有促进作用,但是金融结构不能支持中部农村经济增长；在长期过程中,中部农村农村金融规模与结构对中部农村经济发展都没有促进作用,但是金融效率能支持中部农村经济增长。导致这种原因可能是由于中部地区农村金融弱化与抑制现象比较严重,从而导致农村信贷不能很好转化为农村有效率的投资,促使农村金融对农村经济发展起不到较好的支撑作用。中部区域农户收入的增长仅仅是中部区域农户储蓄比率上升的缘由,所以中部区域农村金融发展水平是区域内农户收入增长的充分而非必要条件。这表明经济转型以后,中部区域农村金融体系及市场效率不高,金融市场对区域内资源配置的引导功能没有很好发挥,中部区域农村经济增长及农户收入提升还是不能成为中部区域农村金融发展的重要目的。(5)在中部区域农村金融组织体系的制度框架下,中部地区农村金融交易成本与费用已经越过其拐点,表现出了明显的低效率性,所以,基于中部崛起的农村金融体系重构必须放弃现有制度安排,进行重构：完善土地产权改革,让土地可以流转,提供中部区域农户的有效抵押资产；提出构建中部区域的政策性银行,如中部区域农村经济发展的中部农业发展银行及中部区域民营银行；构建中部区域金融资金管理模式,建立中部地区金融合作定期协调机制,建设健全、高效的中部区域金融市场体系和制度体系,有效防范、规避与控制农村金融风险,从而构建了金融支持中部区域农村经济发展的长效机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rural finance plays an important role in the rural economy as an important basis of regional economic’s development in the period of regional economic development and new rural construction,,. So it appears vital to research the relationship between rural economy and rural finance., It will involve the conditions and the corresponding dynamic mechanism of regional rural economic growthto researching the coordinated and balanced program of development of regional rural economy. Financial capital formation, configuration and output efficiency are. So it is of great theoretical and practical significance for searching financial countermeasure narrowing the regional rural gap,applying the theory of rural financial development to an in-depth and comprehensive research in terms of Chinese regional rural financial development analysing the financial capital formation model and the financial characteristics in the development of Chinese Regional Rural Economy, accurately grasp the basic facts of regional rural financial development, clarifying the thread between regional financial development and economic growth in the central rural.With the Strategic Positioning for the Rise of Central China put into practice, the central rural economic development has become an important component of the strategy. However, due to the phenomenon "economic collapse" and "financial weakened" in the central rural, it is more important and more realistically significant to theoretically and practically study the economic collapse in the central rural region supported by finance.This paper starts with financial support which promotes the central region of the rural economy on the basis of the previous rich theories such as regional economic growth theory, financial theory and rural finance theory and examines the situation, grasp the inner relationship of the central region rural economic and financial development by detailed data contrast and empirical measurement analysis in the central region. Then discusses the financial strategy of central area of rural economic development, the specific conclusions are as follows: (1) The analysis of financial and regional economic growth theory model and measure indexes of rural financial development was established and basically concluded:Financial development promotes regional economic development, modern regional economic development need the support of financial development from area and regional financial development is based on the regional economic development. This view can support rural economic development backed by rural finance for reference.(2) Through the analysis and comparison of rural economy and rural financial within six provinces in midland, this paper reveals that there is dilemma in the rural economy and rural financial system in midland:Because of low rural financial marketization, low degree of financial deepening and the shortage of capital supply and demand, rural economic development has been restrained by rural finance which results in the central rural economic collapse. This paper summarizes the international experiences of rural economic development backed by finance, and concludes the major financial factors influencing rural economic development in central region such as the need and supply of finance, financial innovation, financial services and financial system.(3) Mechanism which affected the economy development of rural finance in central areas has been abstracted. The rural financial system in central areas is lessening the problem of asymmetry when allocating resources in the countryside by information production, cutting down the costs of information in the rural financial market. Meanwhile the system is spreading around rural financial risks through venture management to create chances of hedging. By the means of mobilizating the farmers’ savings, the system could also collect a great number of spare capitals to do mass and professional investments and eventually to be resultant force to influence the economy development in the central rural areas.(4) The panel data model is utilized to analyze the support rates of rural finance in central areas to rural economy and fictitious variable interaction item is commentated to confirm the impacts of the variables in the development of rural finance in central areas to its factors. The above mentioned positive analysis demonstrates that in the short term, the scale and efficiency of rural finance in the central countryside could advance economy in these areas but financial structure does not have the same function; in the long term, both the scale the structure could not be economy-boosters but financial efficiency could support the economy development in central rural areas. Causes for these results might be owed to the serious weakening and suppressing phenomena of rural finance in central areas and this leads to inefficient investments in the countryside transformed from rural credit which restrained the supportive function of rural finance to its economy. The increase of farmers’incomes in the central areas is just the reason for the raise in the savings rate of this particular group, so the level of the rural finance in central areas is the abundant and unnecessary condition for the increase of farmers’ incomes in these areas. This indicates that after the economic transformation, the system and market of rural finance in the central areas stays at low efficiency and the leading function of financial market to regional resource allocation is not well performed. In the mean time, rural economic boost and gain of farmers’income still could not be indispensable intentions of the development of rural finance in central areas.(5) Within the institutional frame of the rural financial organizational system in central areas, the costs and expenses of financial exchange in these areas have exceeded their inflexions to acquit themselves low efficiently. So the rebuild of rural financial system based on the Strategic Positioning for the Rise of Central China will have to abandon the existed institutional arrangements:consummating the reform of property rights of field to make field current and transferential to offer valid bonded assets to the farmers in central areas; constructing policy banks in central areas, i.e. Central Agricultural Bank and some private banks aiming at central rural economic development; establishing regional financial funds management pattern and regular financial cooperating and coordinating system, constituting complete and high-efficient financial market and institution system to avoid and control rural financial risks effectively. Consequently the long-term mechanism that finance constantly supports the economic development of central rural areas is founded.更多还原