【作者】 徐金庆；

【导师】 孙民治；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 竞技体育与群众体育协调发展的问题一直是我国体育事业关注的核心问题之一，党的十八大报告中又明确提出了“广泛开展全民健身运动，促进群众体育和竞技体育全面发展”，使得体育部门及社会各界再次一重新全面审视竞技体育与群众体育的关系。这不仅关涉我国体育发展方式的转变，关涉我国体育事业各组成部分协调发展的问题，更关涉体育在我国转型过渡时期，其在改善民生、提升居民幸福指数等功能的有效发挥。在这一背景下，本文以东北三省竞技体育与群众体育协同发展为研究内容，正是切合了当前我国体育事业的发展趋势。2003年8月3日国务院在长春召开振兴东北老工业基地决策会议，正式提出振兴东北地区等老工业基地战略决策。2009年10月20日，国家发改委副主任张国宝在“实施东北地区等老工业基地振兴战略新闻发布会”上表示，东北三省同处于一个经济发展区，在传统的经济联系上都有很多相似之处，面临着共同发展的问题和矛盾，三个省的行政首长应建立协调机制，紧密合作、共同发展。这为东北三省竞技体育与群众体育的协同发展提供了契机。事实上，东北三省具备相似的地理、气候特征及人文传统，在体育发展上有着相似的历程，具备协同发展的优势。但多年来在体育事业的发展上各省鲜有交流与合作，尤其在竞技体育领域更是竞争多于合作，这在一定程度上造成了东北三省体育资源的浪费，尤其是各省之间的竞争所造成的优秀体育人才无法达到最优组合而产生的人力资源浪费现象，以及由于缺乏通盘规划而造成的体育产业布局不合理，低水平场馆重复规划（如滑雪场）现象尤为严重。本研究借鉴整合理论、协同理论、竞合理论等相关理论思想与内涵，以整合东北三省体育资源并实现其最优化组合，发挥资源最大效应，为推动形成东北地区竞技体育与群众体育的协同发展局面为宗旨，运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、比较研究法进行研究，在对东北三省竞技体育与群众体育资源现状与整合的SWOT分析基础上，认为东北三省实现竞技体育与群众体育协同发展，主要应从以下几个方面着手。第一，树立大体育观，转变传统的体育发展观念是协同发展的主导因素。要正确认识并处理好东北地区政府行政管理化与体育社会化的关系、体育经济效应与社会效应的关系、体育发展的单位（团体）与社会的关系、居民精神生活与物质生活的关系。第二，统筹东北地区城乡群众体育发展规划，稳步构建和谐的体育发展格局。具体通过研究制定统筹东北地区城乡的体育发展规划、建立统一协调的东北地区城乡体育管理机构及协同机制、开展城乡融合、城乡一体的体育文化活动等措施实现。第三，优化配置东北地区体育资源，加快体育的发展建设速度。更新传统资源观念、在泛资源观的视野下重新配置体育资源；提出构建体育资源的协同体系，实现东北地区体育资源的协同管理。第四，提升东北地区体育文化整体实力。认真分析提升东北地区体育文化整体实力的可能性，为体育文化整体实力创建良好的社会环境。同时要构建科学的体育人才机制，加大教育投入，实施体育文化创新策略。积极培育新兴体育文化产业，彰显“东北体育文化”，提高区域体育魅力，加速体育发展方式转型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coordinated development of competitive sports and mass sports is one of the keyproblems of China’s sports undertaking. Launching an extensive nationwide fitness campaignand promoting development of competitive sports and mass sports are presented clearly in thereport of the18th CPC National Congress. The relationship of competitive sports and masssports is reviewed by sports department and the public. It will affect not only transformationof sports development ways and coordinated development of China’s sports undertaking, butalso the efficient exertion of sports function in improving the people’s livelihood and grossnational happiness index during transitional period of China.So, focusing on coordinateddevelopment of competitive sports and mass sports of Northeast China, the paper adapts thetrend of China’s sports undertaking.The Decision-making meeting of revitalization of northeast old industrial base was heldin Chang Chu by the state council, on August3,2003. It put forward strategic decisions aboutthe revitalization of the old industrial base of northeast China. At the “press conference ofimplement the strategy of rejuvenating about northeast China and other old industrial bases”,Zhang Guo-bao, associate director of national development and reform commission, said thethree provinces in northeast are in one economic development area. There are manysimilarities about traditional economic connections. They also faced some commondevelopment problems and contradictions. So, the administrative leaders in the threeprovinces should establish a coordination mechanism for further close cooperation andcommon development. This will provide an opportunity for collaborative development ofnortheast sports in the three provinces. In fact, the three northeastern provinces have similargeographic and climatic features and cultural tradition. They had a similar sports developmentcourse. So, they all have advantage of coordinated development. But for many years, they hadvery few exchanges and cooperations in the development of sports career, especially in thefield of competitive sports. To some extent, this leads to the waste of sports resources in thethree provinces. Outstanding sports talents can not form optimal combination. Somephenomenon about human resources waste, unreasonable industrial layout,(lacking of overallplanning) and low level repeated planning venues (e.g., ski venue) are particularly serious.This paper aims at integration of sports resources in the northeast of China to realize itsoptimization combination, exerting maximum resource effect and promoting the formation ofCoordinated development of competitive sports and mass sports in northeast China. Based onintegration theory, coordination theory and competition theory, literature material method,expert interview method, questionnaire survey method, comparative research is used. A SWOT analysis on the integration of competitive sports and mass sports resources in the threenortheastern provinces is carried out, it is shown that promoting resource sharing should startwith the following specific methods:Firstly, an overall sports outlook should be established.Changing ideas of sportsdevelopment is the dominant factor of coordinated development, we should understand anddeal with the relationship between the government administrative management and sportssocialization, sports economic effects and social effects, the sports development unit (group)and social relations, residents’ material life and spiritual life correctly.Secondly, this paper will make a plan as a whole on urban and rural mass sportsdevelopment in Northeast area, and then build a harmonious sports development structure,these aspects should be realized by some measures, including sports development plan ofurban and rural areas, the unified coordination of urban and rural areas sports managementorganization and coordination mechanism, integration between urban and rural areas, urbanand rural integration of sports cultural activities.Thirdly, to optimize the allocation of sports resources in northeast region, speed upsports development and construction, update the traditional concept of resources andreconfigure sports resources in the perspective of the generic outlook, cooperative system ofconstruction sports resources and cooperative management of the northeast regional sportsresources is presentedFourthly, the whole strength of the northeast regional sports culture should be improved.Analyzing the possibility of the overall sports culture strength of northeast region, this cancreate a good social environment for overall strength of sports culture. At the same time, thispaper will build scientific sports talents mechanism, increase investment on education,implement sports culture innovation strategy. Emerging sports cultural industry should becultivated, to reveal ‘northeast sports culture’, improve regional charm and speed up thetransition of the sports development mode.更多还原