【作者】 李兵；

【导师】 陈钢；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 龙舟项目是体能主导类耐力性竞速项目。体能是运动员竞技能力的重要表现，是决定龙舟比赛胜利的关键因素。随着科学技术的不断发展，传统龙舟体能训练已经不能满足现代竞技龙舟激烈的比赛要求，本研究通过对优秀男子龙舟运动员体能训练进行研究，采用文献资料法、数理统计法、问卷调查法、访谈法、测量法等主要研究方法，[1]分别构建了我国优秀男子龙舟运动员身体形态评价模型、我国优秀男子龙舟运动员身体机能评价模型、我国优秀龙舟运动员运动素质评价模型、我国优秀龙舟运动员体能评价模型，运用评价体系对龙舟运动员的专项体能进行评价，并从系统论的多维角度出发，根据运筹学层次分析原理对龙舟运动员的体能系统结构进行了全方位的审视。初步提出了“我国优秀男子龙舟运动员体能训练理论体系”这一崭新课题，并尝试深入研究探索了其理论框架与内涵。主要研究成果如下：1.初步提出了龙舟运动员体能训练理论体系框架。根据我国优秀男子龙舟运动员的基本情况，应用现代科学理论方法对优秀男子龙舟运动员的体能指标及评价体系、优秀男子龙舟运动员体能训练的科学理论体系、体能训练内容、方法群与原则等内容进行了研究，构建了我国优秀男子龙舟运动员体能训练理论体系。体系构架包括：训练的方法体系、目标体系、周期体系、恢复体系、内容体系。每个训练子体系下属的结构又可以进行再度细化，或是再进行重新的组合，任何一个系统都不是独立的，几个系统之间相互交错、相互包容、相互影响。2.对构建我国优秀男子龙舟运动员体能评价体系的理论依据、构成要素、设计原则进行研究，从龙舟运动的比赛特征、生理学特征、运动素质特征、神经类型和心理品质特征等几个方面进行了阐述；对评价指标、指标权重、评价标准等几个评价体系的构成要素给予说明；详细介绍了评价指标体系的设计原则。3.初步探索出我国优秀男子龙舟运动员体能评价体系。从影响运动员体能三个方面入手，分别分析筛选出了影响运动员的身体形态指标、身体机能指标、运动素质指标，并分别确立了各指标的权重，构建了我国优秀男子龙舟运动员的身体形态评价模型、身体机能评价模型、运动素质评价模型。并在此基础上形成了体能评价的模型。4.根据我国优秀男子龙舟运动员体能训练的现状进行分析并提出相应发展对策。通过对我国男子龙舟运动员体能训练的现状研究分析出影响我国男子龙舟运动员体能发展的几个因素，特别是在现代龙舟竞技对体能的要求愈来愈强，体能训练的科学系统、训练模式、现代科学手段、科研设备的运用、运动员组成结构文化知识、教练员执教水平等方面对体能的影响较大。不能根据龙舟运动的技术特点制定专项体能训练计划，造成运动员专项体能水平较低。而且现阶段我国男子龙舟运动员体能训练还面临着对体能训练重视不足、体能训练时间较少、缺少专门的训练手段、体能训练缺乏现代科技手段等主要问题.并提出了提高我国男子龙舟运动员体能水平的对策：确保体能训练科学化；确保体能的协调发展；注重科学选材；提高教练员队伍的综合素质。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dragon project is the dominant class of physical endurance racing program. Physical fitness isan important manifestation of athlete athletic ability, is to determine the key factors dragonboat race victory. With the continuous development of science and technology, the traditionalDragon Boat physical training has been unable to meet the modern sports boat fiercecompetition requirements, the study by Elite Boat stamina training study, using literature data,mathematical statistics, questionnaires, interviews method, measurement and other majorresearch methods,[1]were constructed of Elite Male athlete evaluation model boat, boat EliteMen Athletes’Physical evaluation model, the quality of Chinese Elite Athletes evaluationmodel boat, dragon boat athletes elite fitness evaluation model, using the evaluation systemfor the dragon boat athletes special physical evaluation, and from the perspective ofmultidimensional systems theory, based on the principle of Operational Research AHPphysical system architecture boat athletes a full range of scrutiny. Initially proposed the"Dragon Boat Chinese Elite Male Athletes theoretical system of physical training," this newproject, and try to in-depth study and exploration of its theoretical framework and content.The main results are as follows:1.A preliminary dragon boat athletes presented theoretical system of physical trainingframework.According to China’s Elite Boat athletes basic situation, the application of modernscientific theory Boat for Best Men Athletes of physical indicators and evaluation system,Outstanding Male Athlete Boat scientific theoretical system of physical training, physicaltraining content, methods and principles and other content group were research, constructedof Elite Male Athletes Boat physical training theory system. System architecture include:training methodology, target system, periodic system, recovery system, content system. Eachtraining sub-system under the structure and can be further refined, or before re-combination ofany one system is not independent, interleaved between several systems, mutual tolerance,mutual influence.2. On the Construction of elite male athletes Boat theoretical basis for physical evaluationsystem, elements, principles of design studies, from dragon boat racing game features,physiological characteristics, sports quality characteristics, neurological and psychologicaltype quality characteristics, and several other aspects of the elaborated; evaluation index,index weights, evaluation criteria, and several other elements of evaluation system to giveinstructions; details of the evaluation index system design principles.3. initially explored a Chinese Elite Male athlete fitness Boat evaluation system.Athletes fromthe impact of physical three aspects, were screened out of the impact analysis of the athlete’sbody shape indices, indicators of physical function, sports quality indicators, and wereestablished weighting of each index was constructed Dragon Chinese Elite Male athlete’sbody shape evaluation model, physical function evaluation model, sports quality evaluationmodel. And on this basis, the formation of the physical evaluation model.4. According to China’s Elite Boat stamina training to analyze the situation and propose thedevelopment of countermeasures.Chinese Men Dragon Boat athletes through physical trainingresearch and analysis of the current situation affecting physical development of men’s dragonboat athletes several factors, especially in the modern dragon boat competition has becomestronger requirements on the physical, scientific system of physical training, training models,Hyundai scientific instruments, scientific equipment, the use of structural and cultural knowledge athletes, coaches, coaching skills and other aspects of physical influence. Notaccording to the technical characteristics of dragon boat racing to develop special physicaltraining program, resulting in a lower level of special physical athletes. And at this stage ofMen Boat stamina training is also facing insufficient attention on the physical training,physical training less time, lack of specialized training methods, lack of physical training andother major issues of modern technology has made men’s dragon boat athletes to improve ourfitness level Countermeasures: Ensure that physical training and scientific; ensure thecoordinated development of physical fitness; emphasis on scientific selection; improve theoverall quality of coaches.更多还原