【作者】 孟翔飞；

【导师】 王昌明；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 测试计量技术与仪器， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 火炮身管内膛参数的变化会直接影响到火炮的身管寿命、射击精度及发射安全。对火炮身管内膛参数进行自动、可靠、高效的检测,不仅可以对火炮身管质量进行合格检测,而且对火炮的身管寿命预测及安全使用具有现实的指导意义。本文主要围绕身管寿命预测模型及内膛参数综合检测系统进行了相关的理论与试验研究。首先,本文通过对火炮身管寿命预测技术的研究,分析了身管内径、弯曲度及内膛表面质量的变化对火炮使用性能及身管寿命的影响关系。在掌握身管内膛径向磨损是影响身管寿命的主要因素情况下,利用灰色系统理论,针对磨损量与射弹数之间的关系建立了身管寿命灰色预测模型。在灰色GM(1,1)模型基础上,建立了新型灰色组合预测模型及优化的灰色Verhulst预测模型,能够有效地对身管寿命及身管寿命终止时的最大射弹数进行预测。利用某靶场试验基地火炮射击数据及相关文献数据,通过数据验证表明了预测模型的正确性。其次,根据因身管内膛径向磨损而引起的火炮射击状态下的弹丸初速、膛内压力下降,以及出现射弹散布增大、弹带削光、弹丸早炸,连续引信瞎火和近弹等现象,利用优化的灰色聚类算法及德菲尔法,建立了身管寿命等级的评估模型,能够明确的评估身管寿命在“合格”、“堪用”和“报废”三级状态中的隶属程度,可提前将面临失效的火炮剔除在作战序列之外,这对战时状态或训练起到很好的保障作用,有效地提高了火炮的使用和维护效率。最后,为了提高身管内径磨损量的采样值精度,以及提高身管加工过程中相关参数检测精度,同时针对目前火炮身管内膛参数检测存在的精度不高、效率低、结构分散等问题,采用模块化设计方法,设计开发了一套集身管内径、弯曲度及内膛表面质量检测于一体的火炮身管内膛参数综合检测系统。本文对设计的综合检测系统进行了试验研究。主要对身管内径、弯曲度及内膛表面质量检测模块进行了现场试验及标定,并建立了相应的误差处理模型以提高检测精度。重点提出运用CCD摄像探头内窥技术,可实现快速、直接的内膛疵病图像的清晰采集,为身管内膛表面质量的等级评定及维护提供了明确的依据。对于目前的测试难点(特别是长身管内)——疵病深度检测,设计了激光位移传感器扫描技术的疵病深度检测方法,相比较于传统的人工拓印检测法、图像深度值法,该方法简单直接,可以进行快速、准确的检测。更多还原

【Abstract】 The changes of bore parameters will affect the gun barrel’s life, firing precision and launch safety directly.If bore parameters is detected automatically, reliably and efficiently, it can not only test the gun barrel’s quality qualifiedly, but also offer great realistic significance to the life prediction and the safe use of gun barrel.This paper carries on the related theory and experimental study around the gun barrel life prediction model and comprehensive bore parameters detection system.First, this paper analyzes the influence relation that the changes of bore parameters including inner diameter,bending and inner surface quality affect the operational performance and the gun barrel life based on the study of gun barrel life prediction technology.Because the radial wear is one of the important factors which affects the gun barrel’s life, the paper establishes the gun barrel life grey prediction model about the wear volume and the number of projectile by using the grey system theory. Based on grey GM(1,1) model, a new grey combination forecast model and a optimization grey Verhulst model are established. They can effectively forecast the gun barrel’s life and the maximum number of projectile at the end of life.The gun shooting range test data and related literature data show the correctness of the model through data validation.Second, according to the decline of muzzle velocity of projectile and bore pressure caused by radial wear and the phenomenon of the projectiles scattered, elastic tape dubbing, premature explosion of projectile, fuze dud in a row and near-bombs and so on, the parer establishes a dynamic evaluation model of the gun barrel life level by the optimized grey clustering algorithm and Delphi Technique method. It can definitely assess the membership degree of state of the body tube life in"qualified","as in" and "scrap", and it can reject the guns which will become invalid out of the battle sequence in advance. So the state of war or training can be protected well and the use and the maintenance of artillery can be improved effectively.Finally, in order to improve the inner wear sampling value, the related parameters detection precision of the processing quality and in view of the problems that the present gun bore parameters detection accuracy is not high, low efficiency, structure dispersion at the same time, the paper uses modular design method to design a set of comprehensive bore parameters detection system of gun barrel with three functions, measurement of internal diameter, inner surface and bending. In this paper, the design of the parameters bore comprehensive test system is experimentally studied. The study focus on field testing and calibrating the body tube inner diameter, curvature and bore surface quality, and the corresponding error model is established to improve the test accuracy.Using CCD camera probe endoscopic technology is put forward, which can realize the fast and direct collection of bore image clarity and provides a clear basis for the rating and maintenance of surface quality of the gun barrel life. For the current test difficult of fault depth measurement (especially the long gun barrel), it designs the laser displacement sensor fault depth measurement method of scanning technology. Compared with traditional artificial rubbing method and image depth value method, the method is more simple and more direct, and the method can carry out rapid and accurate measurement.更多还原