【作者】 徐光磊；

【导师】 王浩； 阮文俊；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 兵器发射理论与技术， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 现代军事技术的发展要求未来武器装备具有轻便、机动、灵活快速反应和全方位生存防护能力等特点,因此必须大力发展新型结构和功能材料。发射筒作为一类常用的武器装备,也开始大力开发和应用新型材料,其中纤维增强复合材料具有比强度和比刚度高、耐腐蚀、破损安全性好、疲劳寿命高及可设计性好等优点,是目前比较成熟且应用最为广泛的一类新型材料。但纤维复合材料的抗烧蚀能力和密闭性较差,所以一般在纤维复合材料发射筒的内壁附加一层金属材料,这种发射筒作为一类新型复合材料结构,被广泛应用于武器装备中。本文围绕含内衬纤维复合材料发射筒的力学性能展开研究,主要研究工作有以下几个方面：1)针对单一玻璃纤维和玻-碳纤维混杂含内衬发射筒,设计了拉伸、水压强度和抗冲击性能试验方案,测定了发射筒的刚度、强度和抗冲击性能参数,对这两类发射筒的力学性能进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,发射筒中玻-碳纤维混杂缠绕层的刚度参数高于玻璃纤维层；含内衬纤维发射筒存在两种不同的强度破坏模式；含钢内衬玻-碳纤维混杂筒的抗冲击性能低于含钢内衬玻纤筒。2)对发射筒的纤维缠绕层等效模量进行了研究。推导了单一玻璃纤维缠绕层和玻-碳纤维混杂缠绕层三维等效模量的计算公式,其中玻-碳纤维混杂缠绕层考虑了混杂效应的修正。理论计算值与拉伸试验结果吻合较好,指出了多种纤维混杂复合材料必须考虑混杂效应的影响。3)对发射筒的刚度、强度和抗冲击等力学性能进行了理论研究。计算了发射筒抗弯刚度、爆破压强和受冲击时的径向位移等性能参数。理论计算结果表明,含钢内衬玻-碳纤维混杂发射筒的抗弯刚度和爆破压强均高于含钢内衬玻璃纤维发射筒,同时,含钢内衬玻璃纤维发射筒受冲击时的径向位移理论计算值与落锤冲击试验结果相一致。4)应用有限元软件对发射筒的刚度、强度和抗冲击等力学性能进行了数值分析。刚度性能方面,发射筒中玻璃纤维缠绕层的三维等效模量有限元计算结果与理论和试验值都吻合的较好,但玻-碳纤维混杂缠绕层却误差较大,这是因为ANSYS等商用有限元软件复合材料单元中不考虑混杂效应；强度性能方面,含钢内衬玻璃纤维发射筒的强度参数与理论结果吻合较好；抗冲击性能方面,含钢内衬玻璃纤维发射筒的径向位移与落锤冲击试验结果基本一致。5)根据上述试验研究、理论计算和数值分析方法,对影响发射筒力学性能的因素进行了讨论。分析结果表明,内衬材料参数和厚度的增大对提高发射筒的综合力学性能是有利的,但内衬厚度的增大会显著增加发射筒的质量,同时改变发射筒的承载模式。纤维材料的模量和拉伸强度决定着发射筒的抗弯刚度和强度性能,但断裂韧性的降低影[向其抗冲击性能。同时随着环向纤维层厚度和螺旋向缠绕角度的增大,发射筒强度性能导到增强,但抗弯刚度和抗冲击性能都呈下降趋势,说明发射筒的刚度、强度和抗冲击生能之间存在着相互制约的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modern military technology requires the ability of portable, mobile, flexible rapid response and omnibearing protective for future army weapon equipment, so new structural and functional materials will be developed. New materials begin to apply on launch canister. Fiber reinforced composite is most widely used because of high specific strength and specific stiffness, high corrosion resistance, high fail safety resistance, high fatigue life and designable. But resistance on erosin and sealing of fiber reinforced composite are poor, so fiber composite launch canister with liner is developed. The new type of composite structure is more widely used in army weapon equipment.In this dissertation, mechanical properties of fiber composite launch canister with liner are investigated, the main content includes the following several aspects:1) Tensile test, hydrostatic test and impact resistance test for two types of fiber composite launch canister with liner are designed, one is glass fiber composite launch canister with steel liner, the other is glass-carbon hybrid fiber composite launch canister with steel liner. Stiffness, strength and impact resistance parameters of launch canister are determined. The tests show that stiffness of glass-carbon hybrid fiber composite is higher than glass fiber composite; two types of strength failure modes exsit on fiber composite launch canister with liner; impact resistance of glass-carbon hybrid fiber composite launch canister with steel liner is worse than glass fiber composite launch canister with steel liner.2)3D equivalent elastic modulus for two types of fiber composite are derived, one is glass fiber composite, the other is glass-carbon hybrid fiber composite which considers hybrid effect. The calculating results for two types of fiber composite agree well with experimental ones, so hybrid effect must be considered for hybrid fiber composite.3) Mechanical properties parameters for two types of fiber composite launch canister with liner are calculated, including bending stiffness, burst pressure and radial impact displacement. Theoretical calculation results indicate that bending stiffness and burst pressure for glass-carbon hybrid fiber composite with steel liner are higher than glass fiber composite launch canister with liner, meanwhile, radial impact displacement of glass fiber composite launch canister with liner is consistent with impact resistance test.4) Mechanical properties parameters of launch canister by finite element simulation are analysed, including stiffness, strength and impact resistance parameters. At the aspect of stiffness properties,3D equivalent elastic modulus for glass fiber composite from finite element method is agree with theoretical calculation result and test result, but there exist errors between finite element analysis result and theoretical calculation result for glass-carbon hybrid fiber composite because hybrid effect is not considered in commercial finite element software, such as ANSYS. At the aspect of strength properties, working pressure and burst pressure for fiber composite launch canister with liner are agree with theoretical calculation results. At the aspect of impact resistance properties, radial impact displacement of glass fiber composite launch canister with liner is consistent with impact resistance test result.5) Influencing factors about mechanical properties of launch canister based on experimental research, theoretical calculation and numerical analysis are discussed. The analysis result shows that comprehensive mechanical properties of launch canister will increase with the growth of liner material parameters and liner thickness, but with the growth of liner thickness, mass of launch canister also increase significantly and bearing mode will change. Stiffness and strength properties of launch canister are determined by modulus and strength of fiber material, but impact resistance properties will decrease with the reduce of fracture toughness, meanwhile, strength properties will increase and stiffness, impact resistance properties will decrease with the growth of fiber thickness ratio and fiber winding angle. It is concluded that mutual restriction relationship exsit between stiffness, strength and impact resistance properties.更多还原