影视修史

【作者】 仇蓓蓓；

【导师】 何永康；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 影视修史,用视听语言梳理历史的发展历程,探索未来的前进方向,已成为近年来影视制作和历史研究领域的一种新趋势,而影视修史最主要的形式就是文献纪录片。文献纪录片既不是“汇编片”、“政论片”,也不是“专题片”,而是围绕政治、经济、文化、军事或历史事件,利用文字、图片、视频等文献资料作为素材,辅以实地拍摄、现场采访等纪实手段,客观呈现历史原貌,并提炼出对历史新的认知和感悟的非虚构性纪录影片。中国文献纪录片分为重大革命历史纪录片、重要历史人物纪录片、人文历史纪录片、理论文献纪录片等四种类型,具有历史性、文献性、真实性、艺术性和当下性等五个基本属性。从1927年第一部文献纪录片作品诞生至今,中国文献纪录片经历了五个发展阶段：不自觉的发端期,被历史裹挟的发展期,自我意识觉醒后的蜕变期,回归本体的成长期和多元融合的成熟期。“解密历史真相、寻找文化归属、制造影视奇观、创造商业价值”成为多元融合期文献纪录片创作的基本理念。这一时期中国的文献纪录片创作呈现出三个主要特点：创作题材多元化、创作手法多元化、创作主体多元化。这其中,以金铁木为标志的历史文献纪录片创作,以周兵为标志的文化题材纪录片创作,以任学安为标志的理论文献纪录片创作和以崔永元为标志的口述历史纪录片创作,分别代表了多元融合期中国文献纪录片创作的四个主要类型,并呈现出不同的美学特征。而以南京电视台为代表的创作机构则以业界知名的“南京电视台现象”,为国内电视同行提供了关于文献纪录片创作的重要借鉴。自1927年至今,中国的文献纪录片创作者们将历史著述与当代社会互相映照,将现代传播技术与历史研究有机结合,用富有思想性、时代性、艺术性的表现形式,承载起一个民族的集体记忆,担负起弘扬时代主旋律、展示中国良好形象、传播中国主流声音的重要使命。更多还原

【Abstract】 Historiophoty, recording the process of historical development and exploring the future directions of the society with audio-visual language, has become a new trend in the field of film production and historical research in recent years, and the most important form of historiophoty is documentary telefilm.The documentary telefilm is neither a "compliation film","political commentator piece", nor a"feature film". It is a kind of non-fiction documentary film, focusing on political, economic, cultural, military or historical events, using text, pictures, video and other literature as the material, taking the way of fieldshooting, live interviews and other documentary means to present the historical appearance objectivly, and extract the new cognitive and perception of history.The documentary telefilm in China can be divided into four types in major:the Historical Revolution Documentary, thd Important Historical Figures Documentary, the Cultural and Historical Documentaries, and the Theoretical Documentaries. From the birth of the first telefilm documentary works in1927, the Chinese telefilm documentary has gone through five stages of development:the originator period of unconscious, the development period cored by history, the transformation period of self-consciousness, the growing period of reunification and the mature period of diverse fusin."Decrypting historial truth, looking for cultural attribution, manufacturing film spectales, and creating commercial values" has become a basic idea of this diverse fusin period. And the documentary telefilm production in this period has shown these three main features:the diversification of film themes, the diversification of production techniques and the diversification of filmmakers. Of which, the historical documentary production maked by Jin tiemu, the cultural documentary production maked by Choubin, the theoretical documentary production maked by Ren xuean, the oral history documentary production maked by Cui yongyuan, is representing the four main types of Chinese documentary production in this period and showing different aesthetic characteristics. And the well-known production angency, Nanjing TV Station has created the "Nanjing TV Phenomenon", and afforded an important reference of documentary telefilm-making for the domestic TV colleagues.Since1927, the Chinese documentary telefilm-makers use historical writing to reflect the contemporary societies, combine the modern coummunication technologies with historical research, use the expression form full of thoughtful, times, and artistics, to take on the collective memory of the nation, and carry on the important mission to carry forward the main theme of the times, show the good image of China, and spread the mainstream sound of China.更多还原