【作者】 张弢；

【导师】 方晓红；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 新闻学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 1918年2月,北京大学开展了民间歌谣的征集活动,“歌谣运动”自此开始并持续了20余年。本文以“歌谣运动”的主要传播媒介——现代报刊为切入点和线索展开。首先,本文梳理了《北京大学日刊》、《晨报》副刊、《歌谣》周刊、《民俗》、《中央日报》增刊《民风》等报刊在“歌谣运动”过程中的主要传播活动,按照时间顺序和参与相关传播活动的媒介的变迁,将“歌谣运动”的20余年时间分为三个阶段——第一阶段：起步与发展阶段(19181925)、第二阶段：低谷与转折阶段(19281930)和第三阶段：复苏与衰落阶段(19361937.7)。“歌谣运动”在与报刊的离合中起起伏伏。报刊发挥了重要的作用,是其最主要的传播媒介。第二,本文分析了“歌谣运动”中报刊刊登的相关内容,进行传播内容的考察。当时的报刊主要刊登了传统的民间歌谣、知识分子仿拟创作的歌谣,以及大量与民间歌谣相关的学术研究文章。报刊展示出的民间歌谣内容和类型相当丰富,地域覆盖广泛,也反映出知识分子的选择标准不避粗俗。同时,在关于民间歌谣的研究成果中,还反映出来自中外的不同研究方法的灵活运用。第三,本文对“歌谣运动”传播活动中的三种角色：普通民众、知识分子和政府进行了分析和研究。普通民众是传统歌谣的传播主体,在“歌谣运动”中则从传播主体的地位上隐退。知识分子成为“歌谣运动”的传播主体,发起并参与了“歌谣运动”,有意识地选择了报刊作为“歌谣运动”的主要传播媒介。报刊则记录了知识分子对于民间歌谣、“歌谣运动”不同观点的碰撞。政府权力在“歌谣运动”的传播过程中显示了强大的影响力。国民政府在不同阶段的支持与阻碍在很大程度上影响了“歌谣运动”的传播效果。最后,本文对报刊支持下的这场文化运动进行了反思。通过对“歌谣运动”的研究可以发现倡导新文化运动的知识分子反封破旧之外关注传统的一面,从而使其形象更加立体多面,更符合历史真实。从“歌谣运动”中的音乐缺失出发,本文思考文化传承中的遗憾,以及弥补这种遗憾的方法和途径。特别地,本文关注政府权力在文化传播方面的正负能量,并思考如何科学运用政府权力传递正能量的问题,期望对今天的非物质文化遗产保护工作提供帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 In February1918, a campaign to collect folksongs started in Peking University, which represents the beginning of the Folksong Movement which lasted for more than twenty years. This dissertation analyses the role of modern press as the major medium in the movement.Firstly, this dissertation reviews the major activities of such newspapers and magazines as Beijing University Daily, Morning Supplement, Folksong Weekly, Folklore Weekly and Folk Customs (supplement to Central Daily News) in the Folksong Movement. According to the chronological order and the changes in the media participating in the activities, the present research divides the twenty years of the movement into three stages, namely, the First Stage—the Starting and Developing Stage (1918-1925), the Second Stage—the Nadir and Turning-point Stage (1928-1930) and the Third Stage—the Resuscitating and Declining Stage (1936-1937.7). During the twenty years, the Folksong Movement underwent ups and downs, and the press always played an important role as the major medium.Secondly, the present research analyses the relevant publications in the newspapers and magazines during the Folksong Movement and investigates into what were spread. A large number of traditional folksongs, songs written after folksongs by intellectuals and many academic studies on folksongs were published in the newspapers and magazines then. The folksongs published in the press were diverse in both content and variety, from various places. This also reflects the intellectuals’ open attitude towards the "vulgar". Meanwhile, these research findings also represent the flexible combination of different research methodologies from home and abroadThirdly, this dissertation studies and analyses the roles of the common people, the intellectual and the government in the Folksong Movement. As the communication subject in traditional folksong spreading, the common people were replaced by the intellectuals in the Folksong Movement. The intellectuals initiated and participated in the movement, choosing the press as the major medium consciously. At the same time, the press kept a record of the different opinions on folksongs and the movement. The government exerted great influence on the movement. The support or opposition from the National Government had great impact on the effect of the Folksong Movement.Finally, this dissertation rethinks the Folksong Movement.Through studies upon the Folksong Movement, we found that the intellectuals in the New Culture Movement also valued tradition while advocating against feudalism, which enriches our understanding of the intellectuals, making their image more multi-dimensional and real. Through analyses the neglecting to protect musical scores, this dissertation thinks about the regret on cultural heritance and how to remedy it. Espescially this dissertation pays close attention to the government’s authority and thinks deeply about how to scientifically use it in culture transmission. The writer hopes that the thesis will shed light on the present protection of intangible cultural heritage.更多还原