【作者】 张广宏；

【导师】 郑金贵；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 涉农企业经营与管理， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 农业是国民经济的基础，农业上市公司是农业经济发展的方向和龙头。农业上市公司对于转变我国农业经济发展方式，推动农业产业结构优化升级发挥了不可替代的引领作用。然而，农业上市公司在发展壮大的同时，也出现了一系列的问题，严重影响了我国农业上市公司的市场竞争力和可持续发展能力。与此同时，中国农业上市公司得到了国家政策的大力支持，农业上市公司的产品创新正风起云涌，生物技术、工程技术以及新一代通信技术等研发、成熟及其在农业中的推广应用，将引领农业上市公司一场新的革命。因此，系统分析我国农业上市公司的竞争力，对迎接农业上市公司新的革命，充分发挥其高端引领、示范带头作用，具有非常重要的作用。本研究以中国农业上市公司为例，研究上市公司竞争力，并对其进行评价分析，共分为四部分。第一部分是导论，系统阐述了研究中国农业上市公司企业竞争力的意义、目的和内容方法，以及创新之处。第二部分是基础理论，从研究文献和研究理论两方面进行了梳理。对于研究文献，整理了以往的研究文献、梳理了研究企业竞争力的方法，包括综合指数评价法、层次分析法、数据包络分析法、模糊综合评价法，并论述了现有研究的不足以及需要改进的地方；对于研究理论，汇总了分析企业竞争力的劳动分工理论、要素优势理论、波特竞争理论以及学习与管理理论，并分别阐发了每种理论对研究我国农业上市公司竞争力的启示和借鉴意义；第三部分是实证分析，从五个方面对中国农业上市公司的竞争力进行了系统的分析。公司结构分析上，从治理结构、财务结构、股权结构上三个方面分析了中国农业上市公司的现状以及存在的问题；全要素生产率分析上，从影响企业竞争力的内部因素的角度，采集五年数据，利用DEA分析方法，研究中国农业上市公司的全要素生产率，对农业上市公司的生产效率获得一个宏观的认识；在国内竞争力分析方面，从中国农业上市公司主营业务、营业成本、业绩增长的角度，通过实例分析，研究中国农业上市公司的国内市场竞争力；在国际竞争力分析方面，利用PEST分析方法，从政治法律环境、经济环境、社会环境和技术环境四个方面，系统探讨了我国农业上市公司所处的外部环境，分析我国农业上市公司的国际竞争力水平；经济计量分析上，从企业盈利能力、企业营运能力、企业偿债能力三个角度建立评判中国农业上市公司企业竞争力的指标体系，并通过主成分分析实证研究我国农业上市公司的竞争力；通过聚类分析对我国农业上市公司进行了分类和划分，找出了企业竞争力相近的公司。第四部分是结论与建议，在前述分析的基础上，结合中国的国情农情，提出相关促进中国农业上市公司持续发展的政策建议。通过系统研究，发现中国农业上市公司的股权结构相对集中，财务状况层次不齐；我国农业上市公司各行业之间差距巨大，畜牧业与渔业发展潜力大，林业则亟待改进技术水平和运营管理状况；我国农业上市公司的发展尚处于初级阶段，整体竞争力不强，种业、畜牧业、水产品加工业竞争力较强，林业竞争力较弱。基于此，提高我国农业上市公司的竞争力，需要政府为农业上市公司创造平稳良好的发展环境，继续加大扶持力度；需要农业上市公司引进现代企业管理制度，发挥现代企业制度的优势，跟随农业“走出去”战略，提升农业上市公司国际竞争力，加强企业人才建设，大力引进培养农业人才，增强企业创新能力，完善企业创新机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 The agricultural economy is the basic sectors of the national economy, and agriculture listedcompanies lead the development of agricultural economy.Agricultural listed companies play a leadingrole in transforming China’s agricultural economic development mode and promoting optimizationand upgrade of agricultural industrial structure. However, a series of problems are appeared when theagricultural listed companies grow and develop rapidly,which have a serious impact on marketcompetitiveness and sustainable development capacity of China’s agricultural listed companies. At thesame time, China’s agricultural listed companies have been getting the strong support of nationalpolicy and are leading social trend. Also, with the development and maturity of the new generation ofcommunications technology, agricultural listed companies soon will undergo a new revolution.Therefore, a systematic analysis of the competitiveness of China’s agricultural listed companies has avery important role in giving full play to the leading role of agricultural listed companies.The study with reasonable structure is divided into four parts. The first part is an introduction.The Significance the purpose and content of the study about the competitiveness of the agriculturallisted companies are described in part1; The second part is the basic theory.In part2, the research literature and theory is combed. For the study literature, the previousliterature is teased out and methods of studying the competitiveness of enterprises are listed out,including comprehensive index evaluation, analytic hierarchy process, data envelopment analysis,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The deficiencies of the existing research are discussed, aswell as areas for improvement; For the study theory, the theories about analyzing the competitivenessof enterprises are summarized, including the division of labor theory, elements Advantage Theory,Potter competition theory and learning management theory. The revelation of each theory to the studyof the competitiveness of China’s agricultural listed companies is elucidated too; The third part is theempirical analysis, the competitiveness of the agricultural listed companies in China is analyzedsystematically from the five aspects. On the structural analysis of company, from the governancestructure, financial structure, shareholding structure,the current situation of China agricultural listedcompanies is analyzed;On total factor productivity analysis,from the point of view of the internalfactors that affect the competitiveness of enterprises, DEA analysis method is used to study totalfactor productivity of agricultural listed companies and a macro understanding of productionefficiency of agricultural listed companies is gotten in the basis of2007-2011five-year data;Indomestic competitive analysis,from the perspective of agricultural listed company’s main businessoperating costs performance and growth, the domestic market competitiveness of China’s agriculturallisted companies is researched; In terms of international competitiveness analysis, from the fouraspects of the political and legal environment, economic environment, social environment andtechnology environment, PEST analysis method is used to analyze systematically the externalenvironment of China’s agricultural listed companies; On econometric analysis, from the three anglesof the profitability of the business, enterprises operating capacity, corporate solvency,a index system is established to judge the competitiveness of the agricultural listed companies. And PCA method isused to study the competitiveness of the agricultural listed companies; the cluster analysis is used toidentify the classification and division of agricultural listed companies. The fourth part is theconclusions and recommendations. On the basis of the foregoing analysis, combined with China’snational conditions and agricultural situation, policy recommendations are pointed out to promotesustainable development of agricultural listed companies in China.After a systematic study, many conclusions are found. The equity structure of China’sagricultural listed companies is relatively concentrated and the financial structure is different.Hugegap between industries is existed. Animal husbandry and fisheries have a potential development.However, the level of technology and operations management conditions urgently needs to beimproved in forestry. Agricultural listed companies in China are still in its infancy,with a highcompetitiveness in the seed industry animal husbandry aquatic products processing industry and a lesscompetitiveness in forestry. Therefore, in order to improve the competitiveness of China’s agriculturallisted companies, a smooth and good development environment needs to be created for agriculturallisted companies.At the same time, the modern enterprise management system needs to be introduced,“Going out” strategy needs to be followed to enhance the international competitiveness of agriculturallisted companies, Personnel building needs to be strengthened, Innovation capability needs to beenhanced, Innovation mechanism needs to be improved.更多还原