【作者】 唐湘林；

【导师】 何振；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 行政管理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 我国灾害事件频发，灾害事件每年都会给国民经济的发展和人民的生命财产安全带来巨大的损失。加强灾害应急管理，确保社会安全稳定，是各级政府必须面对的重大现实问题。目前，从国家层面而言，党中央、国务院高度重视灾害应急工作，不断加强灾害的应急管理，党的十七大明确提出要“完善突发事件应急管理机制”，“强化防灾减灾工作”。党的十七届三中全会再次明确提出“加强灾害性天气、地质灾害、地震监测预警，提高监测水平，完善处置预案，加强专业力量建设，提高应急救援能力，宣传普及防灾减灾知识，提高灾害处置能力和农民避灾自救能力。”然而，灾害事件的一个突出特点是其一般发生在地方和基层地区，而处于灾害应急管理第一线的地方政府，尤其是县级政府的灾害应急体系建设尚处于初步发展阶段，应对突发灾害事件的能力亟待提高。本论文以县级政府灾害应急体系的构建为研究对象，从县级政府的实际情况出发，运用灾害应急管理的相关理论，并在充分借鉴国内外实践经验的基础上，就构建县级政府灾害应急体系的一系列问题进行了研究。研究主要是围绕以下几个问题展开：一是县级政府灾害应急体系构建的理论基础是什么？其基本构成要素包括哪些？二是县级政府灾害应急体系构建过程中所面临的困境主要有哪些？困境产生的原因是什么？三是如何对县级政府灾害应急管理工作实施有效测评？四是如何进一步推进并逐步完善县级政府灾害应急体系的构建？围绕上述问题，本论文完成的研究工作主要包括以下几方面的内容：第一，论述了县级政府灾害应急体系构建的理论基础。主要阐释了县级政府灾害应急体系的基本内涵，县级政府灾害应急体系构建的理论依据、现实意义，并选取了国内外的典型案例进行分析。第二，描述了县级政府灾害应急体系的基本构成要素。主要论述了灾害应急体系的灾害监测预警系统、救灾资源配置系统、灾害应急响应系统、灾害应急保障系统与灾区恢复重建系统。第三，阐释了县级政府灾害应急体系构建的困境与成因。主要对县级政府灾害应急体系构建的现状，县级政府灾害应急体系构建的主要困境及其成因进行了分析。第四，对县级政府灾害应急管理的测评与满意度分析。主要论述了县级政府灾害应急管理测评的价值标准、指标体系，并结合道县2008年冰冻灾害对县级政府灾害应急管理测评进行了实证分析。第五，阐述了县级政府灾害应急体系构建的政策建议。主要从满足公众知情权、优化业务流程、配置救灾物资、保护历史真迹、改善受灾群众基本生活、转变政府职能等不同视角对县级政府灾害应急体系的完善进行了论述。本文的主要创新工作在于：从贯彻落实科学发展观出发，探讨县级政府灾害应急体系的构建，构建符合县级政府实际情况的灾害应急体系，建立健全县级政府灾害应急管理运行机制，这是一个突破。凸显县级政府应对突发灾害事件的对策研究，体现了应对突发事件中最直接、最主要的主体是县级政府。通过对县级政府灾害应急管理测评的实证分析，以县级政府应对灾害事件的绩效评估为手段，推进县级政府应对突发灾害的管理理念、管理体制机制、管理方式方法的创新。从保护历史真迹的视角出发，研究县级政府灾害应急体系建设中灾区物质文化与非物质文化遗产的保护措施，这也是一个突破。更多还原

【Abstract】 Disaster events take place frequently in our country, which bring tremendouslosses to the national economy development,people’s lives and property every year.To strengthen disaster emergency management and ensure social security and stabilityare major practical issues for all levels of government to face. At present, from thenational level, the Party Central Committee and the State Council attach greatimportance to the work of the disaster emergency, and continue to strengthen theemergency management of disasters, moreover, the Seventeenth Party Congressclearly puts forth that "perfecting the mechanism of emergency management ",strengthening disaster prevention and mitigation work.” The Third Plenary Sessionof the Party once again makes it clear that we should strengthen the monitoring andwarning level of severe weather, geological disasters and earthquake, and improve thelevel of monitoring the disposal plan, and strengthen the construction of expertise andimprove the emergency rescue capabilities, and promote and spread widely theknowledge of disaster prevention and mitigation, and improve the capacity of disasterand farmers’ ability to deal with disaster prevention in self-help. However, aprominent feature of the disaster events is that they generally occur at the local andgrass-roots areas of whose local governments stand in the first line of disasteremergency management, but the disaster emergency system of county government isstill in the preliminary stages of development, as a result, the ability of dealing withunexpected disaster events needs to improve.This dissertation takes the construction of disaster emergency response system ofcounty government as the research object, from the actual situation of the countygovernment, using the disaster emergency management theory, on the basis ofpractical experience at home and abroad, studying a series of issues of building thecounty government disaster emergency. Researches around the following problems:First, what is the theoretical foundation built by the county government of its disasteremergency response system?What to do the basic elements include? Second, what arethe main difficulties that faced in the process by county government to build thedisaster emergency response system? What is the reason of the difficulties? Third,how to implement an effective evaluation of the disaster emergency managementwork by the county government? Fourth,how to further promote and gradually perfectthe construction of disaster emergency response system of county government?Around these problems, the research work completed includes the following aspects: First, it discusses the theoretical foundation built by the county governmentto built the disaster emergency response system. It illustrates the basic connotation ofdisaster emergency response system of the county government, as well as thetheoretical basis and practical significance of the construction of disaster emergencyresponse system of the county government, and selects typical cases at home andabroad for analysis. Second, it describes the basic elements of the construction ofdisaster emergency response system of the county government. It mainly discusses thedisaster monitoring and warning system, disaster relief resource allocation system,emergency response system, disaster emergency protection system and the disasterarea restoration and reconstruction system. Third, it illustrates the plight of the causesof the construction of disaster emergency response system of the county government.The main research is on the status quo built by the county government of theconstruction of disaster emergency response system, and it analyzes the majordilemma and causes of its. Fourth, it analyzes the evaluation and satisfaction ofdisaster emergency management of the county government. It discusses the standardof value and index system of the evaluation of the disaster emergency management ofthe county government, combining with the Dao County and ice storms in2008toconduct an empirical analysis on the evaluation of disaster emergency management ofthe county government. Fifth, it describes the policy recommendations of theconstruction of disaster emergency response system of county government. From thedifferent perspectives of meeting the public’s right to know, optimizing businessprocesses and configuring relief supplies, Protecting historical artworks andimproving the basic living of the affected people, changing government functions toanalyze the improvement of the disaster emergency management of the countygovernment.The main innovation of this paper is: from the scientific concept of development,it explores the construction of disaster emergency response system of countygovernment, and it builds the actual situation of the disaster emergency responsesystem of the county government, to establish a sound disaster emergencymanagement operational mechanism of county government, which is a breakthrough.This paper highlight the countermeasures for sudden disaster events taked by thecounty government, which reflects the most direct and the most important subject ofresponding to emergencies is the county government. With the Empirical Analysis ofthe evaluation of disaster emergency management of the county government, it takesthe performance evaluation of the county government responding to disaster events as a means to promote management concepts, management systems and mechanisms andto innovative management methods to deal with unexpected disaster by the countygovernment. From the perspective of the protection of historical artworks, it studiesthe protection measures of disaster emergency response system for intangible culturalheritage in the disaster areas taked by the county government, which is also abreakthrough.更多还原