近代松江西部土地租佃制度研究

【作者】 邢丙彦；

【导师】 唐力行；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 本文研究以上海档案馆藏近代松江土地文书为核心实证材料，考察分析近代松江西部农村的土地租佃制度变迁，并探讨分析近代松江西部农村土地租佃制度变迁的影响因素，进一步则探讨分析近代松江西部农村土地租佃制度变迁的性质特征。本文研究对上海档案馆藏近代松江土地文书中的土地买卖契约、土地租佃契约、收租簿册和土地租佃经营账簿进行了整理考订和数据统计，进而对1860年代初至1940年代末，即江南太平天国战争后至新中国建立之前，松江“马崇一堂”、松江“马三畏堂”和松江“典于记”的土地买卖交易状况和土地租佃经营状况进行了考察分析。通过考察分析近代松江“马崇一堂”、松江“马三畏堂”和松江“典于记”的土地买卖交易状况和土地租佃经营状况，本文研究认为：1860年代初至1940年代末，即晚清江南太平天国战争后至新中国建立之前，松江西部农村的土地买卖、土地租佃、地租征收和土地租佃经营收益等方面发生了一些变化。本文研究探讨分析了近代松江西部农村土地租佃制度变迁的影响因素。本文研究认为：江南的土地产权制度、地主城居化、市镇商品经济等社会经济和晚清咸同之际江南太平天国战争、1937－1945年日本侵华战争等社会政治因素，对松江西部农村的土地买卖、土地租佃、地租征收和土地租佃经营收益等方面的变化产生了深刻影响。最后，本文研究进一步探讨分析了近代松江西部农村土地租佃制度变迁的性质特征。本文研究认为：近代松江西部农村的土地租佃制度变迁有两种不同性质的类型，一是由江南社会经济演变而引发的变化，二是近代国家政治变动尤其是战争冲击引发的变化。前者的变化是长期而缓慢的内在演变，且具有不可逆的特征；后者的变化是短期而剧烈的外在演变，且具有可逆的特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article investigates and analyses the land tenancy institution changes of modern westernSongjiang rural society, using modern Songjiang land documents from Shanghai Archives as thecore empirical material. Then, it discusses the influence factors of the land tenancy institutionchanges of modern western Songjiang rural society. Furthermore, it presents the characteristics ofthe land tenancy institution changes of modern western Songjiang rural society.Through the textual research and data statistics of land sales contracts, land tenancy contracts, rentbooks and land tenancy operating books from modern Songjiang land documents at ShanghaiArchives, this article investigates the land transaction condition and land tenancy operating statusof Songjiang “MaChongYiTang”, Songjiang “MaSanWeiTang” and SongJiang “DianYuJi” fromthe beginning of the1860’s to the end of the1940’s, namely after the war of the Taiping HeavenlyKingdom and before the founding of new China.With the investigation of the land transaction condition and land tenancy operating status ofmodern Songjiang “MaChongYiTang”, Songjiang “MaSanWeiTang” and Songjiang “DianYuJi”,this article holds that there have been some changes of western Songjiang rural society’s landsales, land tenancy, rent collection and land tenancy management income from the beginning ofthe1860’s to the end of the1940’s, namely after the war of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom andbefore the founding of new China.This article discusses and analyses the influence factors of the land tenancy institution changes ofmodern western Songjiang rural society. It suggests that some social economy factors, such as theland property rights institution, landlords’ urbanization, and town commodity economy of theregions south of the Yangtze River, as well as some social political factors, such as the war of theTaiPing Heavenly Kingdom during the late Qing dynasty and the war of Japanese aggressionagainst china during1937—1945, have made profound influence on the change of land sales, landtenancy, rent collection and land tenancy management gains of western Songjiang rural society.At last, this article further presents the characteristics of the land tenancy institution changes ofmodern western Songjiang rural society. It hypothesizes that there are two different charactertypes of the land tenancy institution changes of modern western Songjiang rural society. One is toadapt to the social economic evolution of the regions south of the Yangtze River. The other isunder the modern national political changes, especially the impact of wars. The former is long,slow and irreversible inner evolution, while the latter is short, intense and reversible externalevolution.更多还原