【作者】 吕进国；

【导师】 姜耀东； 齐庆新；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学（北京） ， 采矿工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 本文通过义马矿区的现场监测研究了巨厚坚硬顶板条件下逆断层冲击地压的显现特征及前兆信息。并结合现场实际进行逆断层滑动启动的力学分析,研究了在未开采情况下逆断层上、下两盘水平构造应力及垂直应力的分布规律,初步提出了断层滑移的临界危险区域。在不同断层倾角、落差、距断层不同距离条件下,利用数值分析方法研究了采动影响下采场应力场、能量场、顶板下沉量、断层面正剪应力及滑移量等诱冲因素的变化特征。以义马千秋矿为主要研究对象,实现了复杂逆断层构造三维矿山地质模型的构建,解决了复杂精细化模型网格化的关键问题,将其转换成可虚拟开采的数值计算模型,并针对上述诱冲因素,研究了复杂逆断层构造对冲击地压的作用机制。进而提出了对断层构造附近的冲击危险区采用以微震、电磁辐射、钻屑量为主的多层次监测预警方法,并重点研究了模拟退火-单纯形混合算法的微震定位方法,以此更加准确地追踪冲击危险源。该研究不仅有助于对逆断层冲击地压机理的深入认识,而且对深部开采断层诱冲的预测与防治具有借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The features and precursory information induced by thrust faults in the conditions of the extra thick and hard roof was studied through the site monitoring of the Yima Mine in this paper. And the mechanics analysis of thrust faults starting sliding is conducted combining with actual site. The distribution law of the horizontal tectonic stress and vertical stress of hanging wall and footwall of thrust faults were studied. And then the critical danger zones of faults slipping were preliminarily proposed. The variation characteristics of stope stress field, energy field, roof subsidence, nomal stress and shear stress of the fault plane and slippage of the fault plane of the factors inducing coal bumps under the mining influence were studied by using the numerical analysis method in the conditions of different fault dips, different fault throws and different distance to fault. Taking the Qianqiu mine as the main study object,3D geological model of the complicated structure of the thrust fault was set up. The key meshing problems of complicated refinement models were solved. And3D geological model can be converted into numerical virtual mining model. The mechanism of complicated thrust faults for coal bumps was studied by deep analysis of these factors. And then the multi-level monitoring method mainly using microseismic, electromagnetic radiation was proposed to the dangerous zones of coal bumps. The method of microseismic positioning based on steady simulated annealing-simplex algorithm was focused. It can be more accurate to track the danger souces. The study is not only helpful to deeply understand the mechanism of coal bumps induced by thust faults, but also there is a significance of prediction and prevention for coal bumps induced by faults in deep mining.更多还原