【作者】 张晓晴；

【导师】 黄占斌；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学（北京） ， 环境工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 本研究在大量实验数据的基础上（采用17个代表我国土壤理化性质分布规律的土样，3个植物品种（大麦、西红柿、小白菜）以及两种土壤处理方法（淋洗、非淋洗）），建立了土壤溶液性质与水溶性铜（Cu）和镍（Ni）的植物毒害阈值之间的经验回归模型，查明了影响水溶性Cu和Ni植物毒性的土壤溶液性质主控因子，同时分析淋洗处理对重金属植物毒性的影响。基于竞争吸附模型的理论，通过土壤性质和土壤中重金属含量之间的多元回归，建立不同pH值范围的土壤中重金属的固-液相分配模型，该经验模型可以很好的预测土壤中水溶性重金属的含量。同时，在整个土壤固-液相中，应用两种化学形态分析机理模型，WHAMVI和Visual MINTEQ3.0，模拟分析了土壤中重金属的形态分布，通过优化模型输入参数，模型预测的结果比较合理。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the present study, bioassays of barley root elongation, tomato shoot and bokchoy were performed in17representive Chinese soils with added Cu/Ni salts, whichhad or had not undergone a leaching treatment. The effect of leaching on soluble Cuand Nitoxicitywas investigated and empirical relationships between soil pore waterproperties and soluble Cu and Ni toxicity were developed, meanwhile the mainfactors in pore water influencing soluble metal phytotoxicity were alsodetermined.The solid-solution partitioning model of Cu and Ni were developed basedoncompetition and adsorption modelin three pH ranges of soils (pH <7,7<pH <8and pH>8) through multiple regression between soil properties and soil metalcontents, which could provided precise predictions of soil soluble metalconcentrations.Additionally, the whole soil speciation including bulk of soilsproperties and total soils Ni or Cu contents were analyzed by mechanic speciationmodels WHAM VI and Visual MINTEQ3.0. For speciation calculation results, theycould provide reasonable estimations by optimization of inputs parameters.更多还原