【作者】 兰小云；

【导师】 石伟平；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 职业技术教育学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 论文以我国行业高职院校校企合作机制为研究对象。首先借用诺贝尔经济学奖获得者、美国著名经济学家赫维茨提出的“经济机制设计”理论,确定校企合作机制研究思路为：确定校企合作影响因素；分析因素的影响作用及相互关系；决定校企合作资源配置方式,即机制构建。然后通过历史分析、案例分析、调查研究、国内外文献分析,确定校企合作影响因素。最后运用系统论、模糊综合评价理论等理论,对行业高职院校校企合作影响因素及机制进行理性分析和构建。论文共分为九章：第一章：绪论。主要介绍了论文的研究缘起、意义、方法、技术路线、框架和概念界定与理论基础等,分析了国内外研究现状。从而确定了论文的研究方向和思路。第二章：行业高职院校类型分析。研究了我国行业高职院校的整体情况,包括类型、特点和优势等。根据主管部门的性质不同,将其分为三类：政府行业部门所属高职院校、大型企业集团所属高职院校、共建型行业高职院校(即由教育行政部门主管并与行业部门共建的高职院校)。三类院校都具有与行业长期的共生共存历史,具有非常鲜明的行业优势。最突出地表现在：可以借助主管部门的计划调控甚或是行政手段来开展校企合作。通过院校类型分析确定了其校企合作发展历史的研究起点。第三章：行业高职院校校企合作的发展历程分析。从历史维度,将其划分为三个阶段：第一个阶段为20世纪50年代至80年代中期,基于计划机制的合作,具有很强的依附性、计划性和指令性等特征；第二个阶段为1986年至2002年,合作关系日益疏远,计划机制特征逐渐消失；第三个阶段为2002年至今,合作形式多样化,合作范围由系统内拓展至系统外,合作机制逐渐市场化。历史经验表明：经济体制、经济发展方式、赋予企业的社会职能、对企业的考核指标、高职教育办学的顶层设计都影响校企合作。第四章：行业高职院校校企合作的调查与分析。调查显示：我国行业高职院校校企合作正由初级阶段向中级阶段发展,合作形式仍集中在订单培养、企业顶岗实习、员工培训、实训基地建设等上。信息沟通不够是校企双方共同认为的首要制约因素。第五章：行业高职院校校企合作机制的实证研究。选取了五种比较具有行业特色的校企合作典型模式及案例进行了机制分析。主要有：基于产业园的校企合作模式、校企共建技术研究中心模式、校企共建二级学院模式、集团公司主导下的双师团队共建模式、校企共建学生工作室模式等。总结出影响行业高职院校校企合作的因素主要有：院校领导的办学理念和创新与决策能力；院校的执行力；院校的内部管理机制；专业设置；人才培养质量；企业经营理念、对人才和技术发展需求：院校主管部门的经营理念和发展战略、在本行业中的地位；地方政府部门的重视与支持；地方经济和产业发展规划等。根据实践经验,合作中院校主管部门可给予短暂的计划调控甚或是行政手段支持,但长久的合作仍需院校树立市场经济意识,强练内功,提供优质服务,以赢取优质合作。第六章：行业高职院校校企合作机制影响因素及其模型构建。运用德尔菲法和模糊综合评价法,分析了经前期历史研究、调查研究和五种合作模式及其典型案例的实证研究得出的影响因素。综合评判结果为：影响因素按照重要程度排序依次为“行业高职院校、企业、中央政府、院校主管部门和地方政府”。根据系统论观点,论文认为校企合作是各因素交叉耦合形成的矛盾统一体。其中,校企之间的供求关系是核心与基础,而行业高职院校又是这一矛盾体的主要矛盾方,是解决校企合作问题的关键。第七章：行业高职院校校企合作机制的理性分析与构建。首先在因素分析的基础上,提出行业高职院校校企合作机制应“以市场机制为本、以计划调控为辅”。这是由企业追求利益最大化经营目的、社会主义市场经济体制和行业高职院校的办学特征所决定。其次,根据系统的时变特征,论文构建了由“初级阶段‘院校主体,政府主导’、中级阶段‘双方主体,利益主导’、高级阶段‘融为一体,价值观主导”构成的校企合作机制变化模型；指出随着经济增长方式的转变、校企合作的不断推进、对合作育人的认识趋同,校企双方将融为一体,形成由价值观主导的校企合作机制。这将是校企合作的最高境界。依据校企合作机制变化模型,分析指出我国行业高职院校校企合作机制正处于由初级向中级发展的阶段,机制构建既要考虑以利益机制为核心的市场机制,又要考虑国家宏观调控机制和院校主管部门计划调控机制。第八章：行业高职院校校企合作机制建设若干问题研究。在上述理论分析基础上,借鉴历史经验、现实经验和国际经验,提出了校企合作机制构建中几个关键问题的解决方略：(1)院校自身能力建设是解决所有问题的根本出发点,是推动校企合作持续发展的关键和根源。包括：院校领导市场经济意识、决策与创新能力建设；信息收集与沟通机制建设；校企合作决策机制建设；校企合作执行机制建设等。(2)国家的宏观调控机制是规范和推动校企合作的关键。其中最为重要的是,国家对高职教育校企合作办学的顶层设计。(3)院校主管部门的计划调控手段可暂时性地促成校企合作,但不能取代建立在互利共赢基础上的市场机制。第九章：研究结论和展望。对论文写作进行了回顾和总结,提出今后的研究方向：从校企合作的本质——育人出发,从全社会的角度,构建一个由价值观主导的规范、有序、可持续发展的校企合作运行机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dissertation studies the mechanism of cooperation between industry-led vocational colleges and enterprises. Firstly according to the economic mechanism design theory, it determines that the idea of studying the cooperation mechanisms is determining the factors of influencing the cooperation; analyzing the factors and their relationships; constructing the cooperation mechanism. Secondly, it analyzes the factors by historical study, survey and research, empirical studies and literature study. Lastly, by using the market economic theory, system theory, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory, it studies these above factors and the cooperation mechanism. The thesis is divided into nine chapters:Chapter Ⅰ, Introduction. It introduces the purpose, the meaning, the method and technology roadmap, the framework, the key concept and theoretical basis of the whole study. In addition to these, there is also a review of related literature. Then it determines the direction of research.Chapter Ⅱ, Analysis of the types of industry-led vocational colleges in China. It analyses this kind of vocational colleges as a whole, including its type, features and advantages. According to the nature, this kind of colleges is divided into three categories:led by government sectors which manage the industry, led by large national enterprises Group, and co-managed by administrative department of education and industry sector. The three categories have the same history of coexisting with industry, and have the same distinctive industrial advantages. The most significant is that they can make use of the industry sector’s planned regulation or administrative means to carry out the cooperation, which the other vocational colleges cannot have. This chapter determines the starting point of the historical study.Chapter Ⅲ, Historical study of the college-cooperation development. From the historical dimension, the development is divided into three stages:the first stage is from the1950s to the mid-1980s, based on the plan mechanism, which has a strong attachment to the plan and prescriptive; the second stage is1986-2002, during which the school-enterprise cooperation had been increasingly estranged, and the plan mechanism disappearing; the third stage is since2002, during which various forms of cooperation have been raising and the cooperation range gradually expanding from the inside of the system to the outside, the cooperation mechanism is transforming to market one. Historical experience shows that there are many factors affecting the college-enterprise cooperation, including the economic system, the mode of economic development, the evaluation system of the enterprise, the top-level design of the Higher Vocational Education and so on.Chapter IV, Survey of the college-enterprise cooperation. It shows that the existing cooperation models are still concentrated in order training;, corporate internships, employee training, training base construction, and it will take a long time to build the high-level cooperation model. The colleges and the enterprises share the view that the lack of information communication is the primary constraint to the cooperation.Chapter V, Empirical studies of the college-enterprise cooperation mechanism. The dissertation selects several typical cooperation patterns to analyze, including the mode based Industrial Park, the mode of building technology research centers toether, the mode of building the secondary colleges together, the mode of building two-division teaching team under the auspices of the Group companies, the mode of building student studio together. It sums up that the factors affecting the cooperation include the mainly educational philosophy and innovative institutional leadership and decision-making ability; the capacity of the implementation layer; the institutions’internal management mechanism; enterprise’s business philosophy; the enterprises’need for talent, technology and market development; the strategic positioning and the development concept of the industry sector; the sector’s position in the industry; the attention and support of the local government; local economic and industrial development planning, etc. It also realizes that based on practical experience, industry authorities may give a short-term plan regulation or even administrative means to support the cooperation, but the long-term cooperation is still required the colleges to foster the awareness of the market economy and strong internal skills to provide quality services, in order to win the cooperation.Chapter VI, Analysis and mode construction of the influencing factors. By using the Delphi method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, it sorts the most important factor influencing the cooperation is the colleges, followed by businesses, central government, industry authorities and local governments. According to the system theory, college-enterprise cooperation is a cross-coupled and contradictory unity formed by various factors. Among them, the supply and demand relationship between schools and enterprises is the core and foundation, and the college is the principal square of this contradiction.Chapter VII, Rational analysis and construction of the college-enterprise cooperation mechanism. Firstly, according to the socialist market economic theory, the mechanism of cooperation between industry-led vocational colleges and enterprises should be based on market mechanisms and supplemented by planned regulation of the industry sector. This is determined by the socialist market economy and the characteristics of the colleges. Secondly, because the system is time-varying, the cooperation mechanism is not static, changing with time, place and the environment changing. With the transformation of the mode of economic growth, the continuous progress of the college-enterprise cooperation and the convergence of understanding on cooperation in educating students, both colleges and enterprises will be integrated and form the cooperation mechanism dominated by the values which will be the highest level of cooperation. According to the change models, the current cooperation mechanism is developing from the initial stage to the intermediary stage. So perfecting the mechanism should take into account the market one in which the Mutual benefit and win-win is the core, the country’s macro-control mechanism and the industry’s planned regulation.Chapter VIII, Sovolution to several important issues of the cooperation mechanism. On the basis of the above theoretical analysis, drawing on historical experience, practical experience and international experience, the paper puts forward some methods to solve the key issues of cooperation mechanism:(1)The capacity building of the colleges is the key to solve all the problems, it is the root of promoting the cooperation to development sustainably. The capacities include the educational philosophy, decision-making and innovation capacity, information gathering and communication mechanisms, cooperation decision-making mechanism, cooperation enforcement mechanisms.(2) The country’s macro-control mechanism is the key to regulate and promote the cooperation. One of the most important is that the top-level design of the national higher vocational education.(3) Industry sector can use the planned regulation to promote the cooperation in a short time, but cannot be a substitute for the mutual benefit and win-win mechanism between colleges and enterprises.Chapter IX, Conclusion and Outlook. A follow-up study is raised that is how to study the value-driven, orderly and sustainable cooperation mechanism from the essence of the cooperation and the whole society.更多还原