【作者】 李良；

【导师】 周宏伟； 蓝勇；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 历史地理学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 城镇是人类赖以生存的空间基础,良好的城镇景观布局及景观形态能够带来舒适、惬意、宜居的居住环境,这正是城镇建设的终极目标。我国经过几十年的建设摸索,很多学者对当前的城镇建设提出诟病,指出生态、宜居、诗意、个性、文化才是城镇景观的必备素质,历史时期中国的一些城镇在这些方面均很出色。重庆城镇有数千年的发展历史,是西南经济开发与城镇规划的风向标。区域内有16个国家级历史文化名镇,保存了大量历史景观遗存,景观类型多样。参照景观遗存与历史文献记载等资料,可以勾勒出历史时期重庆城镇景观的面貌。因此,本文以重庆为研究区域。以景观学和历史地理学的研究方法,对重庆城镇历史时期的城镇景观格局、自然景观要素、人文景观要素、景观结构等进行复原,建立若干景观横切面,并分析不同时期的景观特征；对其演变的动态规律进行研究,以期理解历史时期的景观面貌,衔接重庆城镇景观的历史文脉,希望能够对重庆城镇景观建设提供参考和帮助,也为全国城镇的建设提供借鉴。对历史时期重庆城镇景观面貌的复原,主要是在浩如烟海的文献中搜寻有价值的材料,加以归纳、推理,甄别后加以使用,力求景观复原尽量接近真实。但对唐宋以前城镇景观的记载十分匮乏,则需要运用考古材料更客观、准确地认识历史。通过实地探查,可以发现一些历史景观遗迹,特别是山、水等自然景观要素,以及重庆城镇保存良好的古建筑、石刻、街道等。并通过田野考察弥补文献记载的不足,修正传世文献的谬误之处,使研究成果更加准确。再运用图样、表格、地图等形式直观展示历史时期城镇景观的面貌,也使研究成果更具科学性与说服力。本文分为以下三个部分,一是复原历史时期的城镇景观,包括景观格局、自然景观要素、人文景观要素、景观结构等内容,在复原的基础上总结不同时期城镇景观的特征并探究景观变迁的规律。二是对现留存历史城镇景观的现状进行研究,探讨其价值。三是反思城镇景观的构建；现代与传统,一般与个性的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cities and towns are the basic human living spaces, good layout of the urban landscape and landscape forms brings us comfort, pleasant, livable environment, that is the town’s ultimate goal. After decades of construction, many scholars on the construction of the current town raise criticism and point out that ecological, livable, poetry, personality and culture are the essential features of urban landscape, some of cities and towns in historical periods are very excellent in these areas.Towns in Chongqing has a history of thousands years, is the banner of Southwest economic development and urban planning. There are16national historical and cultural towns with a large number of diversified historic relics. According to the relics and historical documents of landscape, we can restore historical urban landscape of Chongqing. Therefore, this article research on the area of Chongqing.By the methods of landscape science and historical geography, we restore the pattern of urban landscape, elements of natural landscape and cultural landscape, landscape features and landscape structures in historical periods. We establish a number of cross-sectional views and summarize landscape characteristics in different periods. We draw the variation law of urban landscape to know the history of landscape features and connect Chongqing urban landscape in historical context, and hope to provide reference and help for landscape construction of Chongqing urban, also provide reference for city construction throughout the country.To restore historical urban landscape of Chongqing, we mainly search valuable materials in a large number of historical documents then analyze and summarize the documents. But records of urban landscape in Tang and Song dynasties are scarce, you need use archaeological materials to know the history more objectively and accurately. By on-the-spot investigation, we find a lot of historic relics, which include mountains, water and other natural elements, well-preserved ancient buildings, stone carvings, streets and so on. Rely on the field investigation, we supplement the historical documents and correct the errors in historical documentation, which make our research more accurate. In addition, we use drawings, tables and maps to display historical urban landscape.We divide the paper into three sections. Firstly, we restore the urban landscapes in historical periods, which include the pattern of urban landscape, elements of natural landscape and cultural landscape, landscape features and landscape structures, then summarize characteristics of urban landscape at different times and find the variation laws of urban landscape. Secondly, we study on the current state of historic towns and explore its value. Lastly, we think over the construction of urban landscape, the relationship between modernity and tradition, the relationship between general and personality.更多还原