【作者】 刘英；

【导师】 吴立新；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学（北京） ， 摄影测量与遥感， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 为掌握地下开采扰动活动对矿区植被、浅层土壤湿度等地表关键环境要素产生的影响,利用多源、多时相、多尺度、多分辨率遥感数据对矿区地表植被和土壤湿度的时空演变过程、规律及采矿活动对其产生的影响进行了遥感监测、野外采样与对比分析研究。论文在系统分析国内外关于矿区地表环境遥感监测研究进展的基础上,以神东矿区为例,以MODIS、 SPOT、 Landsat和HJ-CCD为数据源,主要做了两个方面的研究：1)利用MODIS和SPOT植被指数数据分析了12a间矿区尺度上植被的时空演变规律、植被与气象因子之间的关系,预测了矿区植被未来发展趋势,结果表明：矿区植被整体呈改善趋势,温度和降水是矿区植被生长的主导因子,矿区植被在未来有较弱的退化趋势；并用Landsat和HJ-CCD归一化植被数据研究了矿井尺度上采区与非采区植被的差异,分析了采矿活动对主要矿井采区植被的影响,得出采矿活动确实对矿区植被产生了负面影响；2)利用MODIS数据建立了矿区地表浅层土壤湿度遥感监测模型,得到12a间矿区表层土壤湿度呈增加趋势；并用Landsat和HJ-CCD波段反射率数据,建立地表浅层土壤湿度反演模型,据此分析了矿井尺度采区与非采区浅层土壤湿度差异,得出地下开采扰动活动对浅层土壤湿度产生了负面影响。在上述研究基础上,提出了矿区合理开采的对策和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to evaluate the underground mining impacts on vegetation and land surface soil moisture in mining area, multi-source, multi-temporal, multi-scale and multi-resolution remote sensing images were used to monitor the spatial-temporal evolution patterns of key environmental elements and the influence of mining activities.The research progress and its deficiency on monitoring surface environment in mining area by remote sensing at home and abroad were summarized. Based on MODIS, SPOT, Landsat and HJ-CCD remote sensing data, the main works of the paper are as follows:1) MODIS and SPOT vegetation index were used to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution patterns of vegetation for12years and the relationship between vegetation and meteorological factors and then vegetation future change trends was forecast in Shendong mining area. The results show that:vegetation conditions were improved and temperature and precipitation are the dominant factors of vegetation growth and vegetation will degradate weakly in the future. In mine scale, the paper studied the vegetation differences between mined area and un-mined area using the normalized difference vegetation obtained by Landsat and HJ-CCD data and it is showed that mining can generate negative impacts on vegetation in mined area.2) Land surface soil moisture remote sensing monitoring model was established based on MODIS and it is got that land surface soil moisture is increased gradually for12years. In mine scale, land surface soil moisture retrieval model was constructed by Landsat and HJ-CCD reflectance data and soil moisture differences between mined area and un-mined area were analyzed. The results show that underground mining produces a negative impact on land surface soil moisture in mined area. On the basis of the above, the thesis puts forward reasonable mining countermeasures in Shendong mining area.更多还原