【作者】 李青海；

【导师】 杨仁树； 申宝宏；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学（北京） ， 采矿工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 针对查干淖尔一号井软岩巷道支护难题,本文采用现场实测、实验室实验、理论分析、相似模拟试验与数值模拟相结合的方法对巷道失稳机理及其控制对策进行了系统研究。结果表明底板是巷道失稳的主要弱面,泥岩膨胀压力为巷道失稳的主要压力来源；建立了巷道围岩塑性区扩展力学模型,提出了“硬抗”的支护思想,指出高强度、高刚度支护结构体为有效控制围岩变形的关键；通过封闭支护方式下巷道失稳相似模拟试验研究,获得围岩应力、位移演化规律,验证锚杆支护方式的有效性；通过对比支架结构改进对其强度的影响规律,获得靠近顶底板位置的顶底横梁加固方案最优,在此状态下,拱顶强度提高为原始结构的3.51倍,拱底强度提高为原始结构的2.715倍；通过支架结构相似模拟试验研究,获得了不同结构支架强度、刚度演化规律：采用数值模拟的方法对改进支架结构支护效果进行了评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming to the problem of soft rock supporting in No.1Mine of Chagannuoer, based on field measurement, laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis, similar simulation experiments, combined with numerical simulation methods, this paper has studied the instability mechanism and control measurements systematically. The results show that floor was the main instability weak-plane of roadway and mudstone’s inflationary pressure was the prime source of pressure. This paper has established expansive mechanical model of plastic zone in roadway’s surrounding rock, and proposed supporting idea with "Hard" supports. This paper pointed out that high strength and stiffness of supporting structure was the key factor to keep stability of surrounding rock effectively. After roadway’s instability mechanism simulation experiments under closed supporting methods, we gained evolution rules of stress and displacement when surrounding rock destroyed, which verified the validity of bolts. Contrasted with the strength of different improved supporting structures, this paper obtained that the structure with jointing beams in roof and floor was the most optimal one, whose top arch strength became3.51times and bottom arch became2.715times stronger than the original structure without additional beams. Through similar simulation experiments of frameworks, this paper obtained different evolutionary rules of structure’s strength and stiffness. And we evaluated improved framework’s supporting effects by numerical simulation.更多还原