【作者】 王宝江；

【导师】 吴汉宁；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 我国目前已经发现的油气资源绝大多数位于古、中新生代陆相沉积盆地中,储层相对致密,非均质性强、储层横向和纵向变化大,地震勘探难度非常大。而随着东部各主要以构造为主的油田资源的逐渐枯竭,西部隐蔽型岩性油气勘探区的地位逐渐凸显出来。隐蔽型岩性油气藏通常地质条件复杂,储层岩性致密,非均质性强、常规地震技术难以解决有效储层预测问题。全数字地震勘探以储层预测机理和需要为出发点,通过数字检波器单点高密度的空间采样,真实记录下各种信号；以获取高品质的叠前CMP道集为目标进行针对性地震保幅处理；充分利用全地震资料频带宽、高低频丰富的特点,采用叠前叠后储层预测及烃类检测技术,尤其是叠前AVO属性分析、叠前弹性阻抗和弹性参数反演技术,能够在很大程度上解决了隐蔽型岩性勘探有效储层的识别’问题。论文以苏里格气田WSZ三维全数字工区为例,系统论述了全数字地震资料的特点,采用针对性的处理技术、叠前储层预测、叠后属性分析及含气性检测技术对研究区盒8储层有效厚度进行描述,取得的创新性进展为：1)利用精细流体替代和AVO正演模拟技术,研究了WSZ地区的AVO分类特点,认为AVO类型具有多样性,并非苏里格气田纯粹的Ⅲ类。通过对研究区储层的精细岩石物理研究,确定采用基于NI和PR的AVO属性反演和交会技术,对WSZ地区盒8气层进行检测,该方法无需井的约束,在全数字地震研究区效果显著。利用高亮体吸收技术,筛选气藏有利区。2)针对性的静校正、去噪和AVO道集处理(高次动校正、去多次波、相位校正)等创新技术,为全数字地震储层预测实施提供了高质量的数据,为利用全数字地震资料进行有效储层预测和含气性检测性取得更好效果提供了处理保障。3)利用多种弹性参数和弹性参数组合对气层的敏感性分析,优选有效储层敏感参数、开展多种AVO属性和叠前弹性参数反演研究,叠前、叠后联合储层预测和烃类检测技术为WSZ区有效储层预测和油气富集区评价的显著效果提供了技术保障,实际预测同井位符合程度高、同地质认识相符合。论文为全数字地震有效储层预测应用提供了较完整的技术序列。更多还原

【Abstract】 The vast majority of the China’s oil and gas resources exist in Paleozoic, Mesozoic, or Cenozoic sedimentary basins, and the reservoir is relatively compact, with rapid spatial variation and it is very difficult for seismic exploration. With the gradual depletion of the eastern tectonic oilfield resources, western hidden reservoir exploration area is gradually becoming prominent. The geological conditions of hidden type lithologic reservoir are usually complex with compact lithology, and are difficult for conventional seismic techniques to solve the problem of effective reservoir prediction.According to reservoir prediction mechanism and needs, recording all kinds of signals truly with a single point of high-density digital detector sampling, obtaining high-quality pre-stack CMP gathers with preserved amplitude processing, taking full advantage of the wide bandwidth and wealth of high and low frequency by reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon detection techniques of pre-stack and post-stack,especially pre-stack AVO attribute analysis, pre-stack seismic inversion technology, the problem of effective reservoir recognition is been solved to a large extent based on All-digital seismic exploration.This thesis takes WSZ3D all-digital work area of Sulige gas field as for examples for the innovative progress, the following is achieved:Using fine fluid substitution and AVO forward simulation techniques to study the AVO classification characteristics of WSZ, that those AVO types are diversity, not as Sulige gas field’s pure class Ⅲ. It is the first time to use AVO attribute inversion and crossplot technique based on the Hilterman equation to detect hydrocarbon of gas zone He-8in WSZ area, and the testing results are obvious.It is the first time to use highlight body absorb technique to obtain Favorable gas areas. To Filter seismic attributes and describe reservoir by SVD in Continental facies strata.Targeted static correction, denoising and AVO gathers processing (high dynamic correction, multiple wave attenuation, phase correction, random noise attenuation) and other innovative technologies, make lithology and gas prediction becomes possible based on all-digital seismic data.Using a variety of combination of elastic parameters on the sensitivity analysis of the gas layer, optimizing the sensitive parameters of the effective reservoir, carrying out a variety of AVO attributes and pre-stack elastic parameter inversion studies, pre-stack and post-stack joint reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon detection technologies, provide technical support for the effective reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon-rich region evaluations. Actual prediction conforms the results of drilling, and meets the high level of consistent with the geology is WSZ. This thesis provides a more complete technique sequence of all-digital seismic reservoir prediction application.更多还原