城乡经济社会一体化背景下西部地区矿产资源产业发展模式的研究

【作者】 张海丽；

【导师】 白永秀；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 人口、资源与环境经济学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 矿产资源是一国国民经济和社会发展的物质基础。我国西部地区矿产资源丰富,但长期以来西部地区矿产资源产业的发展也存在着产业结构刚性、生态环境恶化、长期增长缓慢等资源型地区常出现的问题。长期以来的“城市偏向”政策,使得西部地区矿产资源大量开发的同时,并未对农村经济带来实质帮助,相反在一定程度上加大了城乡差距。转变西部地区矿产资源产业的发展模式,利用西部地区的矿产资源优势,以矿业的发展促进城市与农村、经济与社会的共同发展,从而实现西部地区的城乡经济社会一体化是后改革时代的亟待解决的核心问题。基于此笔者以“城乡经济社会一体化背景下西部地区矿产资源产业发展模式”为题,试图通过对西部地区矿产资源产业发展模式的重构,实现矿产资源产业对农村和农业的包容性增长,最终促进西部地区城乡经济一体化新格局的实现。本文以西部地区矿产资源产业的发展为着眼点,以矿产资源产业的发展模式为研究对象,在对学术界观点综述的基础上,系统研究了西部地区城乡一体化的水平及西部矿产资源产业发展的现状,运用结构主义的分析方法剖析了西部地区矿产资源产业的发展对城乡经济、城乡经济与社会的“二元”分割机理,在实践研究方面,借鉴矿产资源产业开发的“缘矿建镇模式”、“可移动城镇模式”和“长距离通勤模式”以及国际区域矿产资源开发的“美国西部开发模式”、“德国鲁尔模式”和“南非模式”等六种典型模式的经验和教训,在包容性增长理论的框架下,设计了西部地区矿产资源产业发展的包容性增长新模式,并为新模式的实施提供了政策支持。最后了构建了西部地区矿产资源产业包容性增长发展模式的评价指标体系。论文研究得出以下结论：第一,2000年至2010年十年间,西部地区矿产资源产业的发展在促进地区工业经济发展的同时,并没有给农村经济发展带来帮助；在经济发展的同时,没有同时带来社会的同步发展；第二,包容性增长为解决西部地区矿业的发展与城乡经济社会“二元”分割问题提供了基本的分析框架,目前西部地区矿产资源产业发展模式对农业和农村经济社会的不包容性体现在增长条件的不包容,增长过程的不包容以及增长结果的不包容三个方面；第三,构建西部地区的包容性增长的矿产资源产业发展模式包括：多样化产业发展模式、地方化的配套产业发展模式、一体化的资源收益管理模式、市场导向的要素流动模式、公正的社会保障模式、公平的公共产品供给模式以及多路径的生态补偿模式七个方面,通过新模式的构建实现增加农民就业、提高农民收入,增加农民资源型收入,保障农民最低福利,保障农民参与经济的能力以及解决矿业引致的生态、社会问题的目标,从而解决城乡经济、城乡经济与社会的“二元”分割问题,实现矿业经济的包容性增长,最终实现西部地区的城乡经济社会一体化发展；第四,新模式的设计需要制度创新和政策支持。通过制定相应的产业政策、改革矿产资源税费政策、改革土地、户籍和农村金融政策、完善农村社会保障政策和农村公共产品供给政策以及制定科学的生态补偿政策六个方面的制度创新以支持新模式达到包容性增长的目标；第五,通过对西部地区矿产资源产业发展模式评价指标体系的构建,分析出西部地区各省矿业的包容性不高。西部地区矿产资源产业包容性增长最大的独立阻碍因素是资源产业外部性带来的生态问题,同时资源要素流动效率低,社会保障水低,公共产品供给水平低等问题也阻碍了西部地区矿业经济的包容性增长,因而新模式的制度创新与政策支持就更为重要。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mineral resources are the material basis of national economic and social development. There are various mineral resources in west China. But for a long time there also appear many problems for exploitation of mineral resources in west China, such as:the rigid development structure of mineral resources industry, the deterioration of the ecological environment and the long-term slow growth. Because of the "urban bias" policy, the exploitation of mineral resources didn’t bring substantial assistance to the rural economy, to some extent which increase the gap between urban and rural areas in west China. Promoting urban-rural economic&social integration by changing the pattern of exploitation of mineral resources industry is the core problem to be solved in the post-reform era. As the topic "Research on Models of Mineral Resource Exploitation in West China Based On Urban-Rural Economic&Social Integration" based on the inclusive growth theory the author attempts to reconstruct the models of mineral resources industry exploitation in west China, which brings about the inclusive growth of mineral resources industry for rural areas and agricultural industry and then ultimately achieves the goal of new pattern of urban-rural integration.As focusing on mineral resources industry in west China, this dissertation research on the model of mineral resources exploitation which based on previously theoretical study. It systemically analyzes the present situation of mineral resources exploitation and the level of urban-rural integration in west China. Then it dissects the mechanism of mineral resources industry disintegrating the urban-rural economic and urban-rural economic&social by structuralism methods. In practical aspect, it uses the " the model of building new cities around the miner","the model of long-distance commuting ","the model of mobile urban","the model of America western exploration","the model of Germany Ruhr mining exploitation","the model of South African mining exploitation" for reference. In the framework of inclusive growth theory, it designs a new inclusive growth model of mineral resources exploitation in west China and provides policy support for the implementation of the new model. Finally, it builds the evaluation index system for the inclusive growth model of mineral resources exploitation in west China.Conclusions of this dissertation are as follow. Firstly, from2000-2010decades, the development of the mineral resources industry promote regional industrial and economic development but don’t curve rural economic development,at the same time,the development of society don’t catch up with the speed of economic development. Secondly, inclusive growth theory provides the basic framework to analysis how the mineral industry disintegrates the urban-rural economic and urban-rural economic&social. Thirdly, the inclusive growth model of mineral resources exploitation includes:variety mineral industrial development mode, localized supporting industrial development mode, integrative resource revenue management mode, market oriented elements flowing mode, fairly social security mode, impartial public goods supply mode and multi-path ecological compensation mode. Fourthly, new model design requires institutional innovation and policy support: drawing up industrial policy; reform mineral resource taxes policy; land policy, household policy and rural financial policy; improve the rural social security policy and rural public goods supply policy and drawing up ecological compensation policy. Finally, the ability of inclusive for west China is too weak through the analyzing the results of index system for mineral resources industry. The main obstacles for inclusive growth are ecological problems, low efficiency of elements mobility, low level of social security system and public goods supply.更多还原