【作者】 李东；

【导师】 司玉琢；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 国际法学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 船舶优先权制度的产生、发展和演变过程,体现出了概念法学与现实主义法学的冲突和整合。本文力图通过历史分析和比较研究的方法,以概念法学和现实主义法学两种进路对船舶优先权制度下的各类规定予以法理上的解析。对船舶优先权这样一个自引进到中国直至今天都存在理论和实践争议的特殊制度,系统的法理解析是迫切需要弥补的空白。从概念法学和现实主义法学进路进行解析,为解决船舶优先权制度的诸多争议和完善相关立法、司法提供了新的视角。论文包括八章：第一章为绪论,阐明本文的选题意义、研究背景、研究内容、研究方法；梳理概念主义法学和现实主义法学的主要观点及其差异,以及对法律制度的影响。第二章为船舶优先权起源的历史分析和法理分析,讨论了不同国家不同背景下船舶优先权制度的沿革以及各方面的影响因素,阐述了两种法理进路下关于船舶优先权性质的不同观点以及船舶优先权国际发展的法理整合进路。第三章是针对船舶优先权的项目的制度比较和法理解析,通过比较不同国家法律在船舶优先权项目上的不同规定,研究了绝对列举和相对列举两种类型及其所体现的概念法学和现实主义法学的理论进路,探讨了这两种法理整合进路下船舶优先权项目的扩展可能与缩减趋势。第四章是针对船舶优先权标的的制度比较和法理解析,阐释了船舶优先权标的制度分别体现概念法学和现实主义法学的两种倾向；通过立法比较,以法理视角对不同立法中关于运费、保险金、公务船舶等船舶优先权标的问题进行了解读,探讨了我国船舶优先权应予补充的标的。第五章是针对船舶优先权顺位的制度比较和法理解析,在分析不同立法的基础上,对概念主义和现实主义进路下不同的顺位制度与理论形态进行了利弊比较,研究了可资借鉴之处；第六章是针对船舶优先权消灭的制度比较和法理解析。对强制拍卖消灭制度中的不消灭说、准据法说、消灭说、特殊制度说、交易安全理论,以及行使期间消灭制度中的时效说、除斥期间说、区别说等进行了概念法学和现实主义法学的辨析。第七章是针对船舶优先权准据法的制度比较和法理分析,对适用侵权行为地法、最密切联系地法、法院地法等冲突规范的法理进路进行了理论分析和实证研究。第八章为结论,简要总结本文的主要观点并探讨船舶优先权制度的发展趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 The origin, development and the historical evolution of the legal system on Maritime Liens, reflects the conflict and the integration between the Conceptual Legal Dogmatics and the Legal Realism. Adopting the method of historical analysis and comparative research, this dissertation analyzes various provisions under the legal system of Maritime Liens in terms of Jurisprudence from the perspective of both theConceptual Legal Dogmatics and the Legal Realism. For the legal system of maritime lines, a theme for many disputations, a jurisprudencial analysis seems very necessary. An analysis from approaches of both Conceptual Legal Dogmatics and the Legal Realism, may very well provide a new viewpoint to solve the issues of maritime liens in both theory and practice.This paper includes8chapters:-The Chapter1is an introduction which clarifies the purpose for choosing this topic, the research background, research contents, research methods, and states briefly main viewpoints under theConceptual Legal Dogmatics and the Legal Realism and the effection thereof;The Chapter2is a historical analysis and jurisprudential analysis on the origin of Maritime Liens, which examines the historical evolution of the Maritime Lien and the different views on the nature of the Maritime Lien under different backgrounds of different countries. The chpater also make clear that the integration of two approaches can be implied from the trend in international legislation on maritimes liens;The Chapter3is a system comparison and jurisprudential analysis on the scope of the Maritime Liens, which analyzes the approaches of absolute enumerated lists and relative enumerated lists, and their jurisprudencial foundation. The chapter also makes an analysis of the development trend of this issue;The Chapter4is a system comparison and jurisprudential analysis on the objects of the Maritime Liens, which explains the ship only concept system and extended ship realism on the objects of the maritime liens. The chapter tries to analyse some special objects, such as freight, insurance compensation, and ships for public affairs, and makes some suggestions to Chinese legislation. The Chapter5is a system comparison and jurisprudential analysis on the ranking of the Maritime Liens, which makes a comparation between different ranking under different jurisprudencial approaches;The Chapter6is a system comparison and jurisprudential analysis on the distinction of Maritime Liens, which makes anylasis of various theories about the distinction of Maritime liens;The Chapter7is a system comparison and jurisprudential analysis on the conflict of laws issues in relation to the Maritime Liens, and makes an analysis of lex fori, lex loci delicti, and the principle of closest connection from the jurisprudencial approaches;The Chapter8is a conclusion, which briefly summarizes the main views of this paper and discusses the development direction of the Maritime Lien.更多还原