【作者】 陆柳；

【导师】 孙民治；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 近年来,中国女篮在与世界强队的对抗中不同程度地暴露了体能训练不足的缺陷。身体单薄、对抗性差已成为制约我国女篮运动成绩进一步提高的重要因素之一。而且,篮球训练中存在的“重技能轻体能”的倾向使我国高水平篮球运动员专项体能训练的理论研究不足,在专项体能训练的方法、手段、诊断、评价方面都显得比较薄弱。为此,对国家女篮专项体能进行诊断与评价的研究显得尤为迫切。本研究运用文献法、调查法、数理统计法、案例分析法、录像解析法、实验法对中国女篮的专项体能进行研究,得出结论如下：1、篮球运动员的专项体能是指：“篮球运动员在篮球比赛或完整技战术训练的过程中始终保持高强度高对抗的工作能力,是运动员身体形态、身体机能、运动素质诸方面专项化的综合体现。”2、根据篮球运动发展的趋势和我国女篮运动员的体能和基本技术特点,进行充分论证,制定了测试项目以及相应的测试方法和技评标准。这些测试项目是本研究制定初选指标的重要参考依据。包括：一般体能测试、专项体能测试、专项技术测试、形态测量、身体机能测量和测试的顺序。3、中国女篮前锋队员单位时间跑动距离和其他三队前锋队员平均每分钟跑动距离差距最大达到7.14%,中锋队员次之为3.01%,后卫队员差距很小仅为1.71%。中国女篮各个位置上的队员在冲刺跑、高速跑、和中速跑上均低于其他三支队伍各个位置上的平均水平,其中前锋差距较大,后卫差距不明显。4、本文确定了国家女篮运动员专项体能评价体系。其中,国家女篮运动员专项体能评价结构包括：评价指标、指标权重及评价标准三部分；评价程序包括：评价对象和目标、评价指标体系、评价指标的权重、设计评价标准四个步骤。5、国家女篮运动员专项体能评价最终得到3项一级指标、12项二级指标、12项三级指标,这些指标构成了国家女篮运动员专项体能指标体系与各级指标权重。采用百分位数法,制定了单项指标(三级指标)的评分标准、一级指标与综合体能等级评价标准,为国家女篮运动员专项体能发展水平评价工作提供了可能。6、国家女篮运动员专项体能的诊断本文运用了态势诊断和差距诊断,并分别采取雷达分析法和目标挑战模型法对国家女篮运动员专项体能进行诊断。通过雷达分析分别对12名国家女篮运动员专项体能态势的个体化进行分析。建立国家女篮运动员专项体能目标挑战模型,分别对每名国家女篮运动员的专项体能水平进行评估,根据各指标的差距系数,界定其专项体能构成指标的顺序先后,以达到为教练员制定国家女篮运动员体能训练计划提供参考的目的。1.7总体态势诊断结果显示,国家女篮运动员专项体能指标差距从大到小的得分顺序为：运动素质>身体形态>身体机能。因此,国家女篮运动员在今后的专项体能训练过程中,发展重点应首先重视运动素质水平的发展,从而提高国家女篮运动员专项体能总体水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, Chinese Women’s Basketball Team in the confrontation and world powers in varying degrees exposed the shortcoming of lack of physical training. Body thin, the confrontational poor has become an important factor restricting China’s women’s basketball athletic performance to further improve. And a tendency to light physical fitness, basketball training "skills" lack of theoretical study of the special physical training of high level basketball players in China is relatively weak in terms of special physical training methods, means, diagnosis, evaluation. To this end, the Chinese women’s basketball fitness training process for diagnosis and evaluation of research is particularly urgent.This research uses literature, survey, mathematical statistics, case analysis, video analytic method, experimental method of the physical training of the Chinese Women Basketball Team research concluded as follows:1.Basketball Players physical basketball player in a basketball game or a complete technical and tactical training process is always to maintain high strength and ability to work against the players’ body shape, physical function, movement quality of a comprehensive reflection of the aspects of special."2.CBA and expert basketball development trends and China’s women’s basketball athletes’ physical and basic technical characteristics, and full evaluation to develop the test items and the corresponding test methods and technology evaluation standards. These tests are important reference project is the development of the primary indicators in this study. Include:general fitness tests, a special fitness test, special test, morphological measurements, physical function, measurement and testing order3.Chinese women’s basketball forward players per unit time running distance and the other three teams in the forwards average running distance per minute gap up to7.14%,3.01%center players followed the Guards in the gap is very small only1.71%. The position of the Chinese women’s basketball team ran in the sprint, high-speed running and the throttle are lower than the average position of the other three teams, including striker gap, the guard gap is not obvious.4.Special Physical evaluation of the national women’s basketball athletes in the structure from the evaluation index, index weights and the evaluation of the standard three part composition, Include determine the evaluation object and the target, to determine the evaluation index system to determine the weight of evaluation index, and design evaluation criteria four steps in the procedure.5.Final three-level indicators,12two indicators of12three indicators of the national women’s basketball athletes special physical indicator system and the right to all levels of indicators and the percentile method to develop a single indicator (three index) score, an index, and comprehensive physical level evaluation criteria, and provides the possibility for the evaluation of the national Team athletes special level of physical development.6.Special physical diagnosis of the National Team athletes including situational diagnosis and gaps in diagnosis. Mobilize the physical posture of the individual transported12women’s basketball radar analysis, and through the establishment of the National Team athletes special physical target challenge model to assess the physical differences of each athlete, and the gaps in various indicators coefficient reasonable definition of the ranking of their physical composition index has to reach to achieve the purpose of strategic planning of athletes physical training.7.The gap between the diagnosis gap coefficient size of the mean sort of three-level indicators of the National Team athletes:the athletic qualities of body shape and body function. This reflects the national women’s basketball athletes in the future development of special physical should focus on improving the level of athletic ability.更多还原