【作者】 肖军虎；

【导师】 范先佐；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 教育经济学， 2012， 博士

【副题名】基于对山西省隰县、浮山县、侯马市和古交市4个县（市）的调研

【摘要】 20世纪末以来,伴随着我国经济社会的不断发展和人们教育观念的不断更新,社会对于教育资源特别是优质教育资源的需求越来越迫切,人们对教育公平问题给予了前所未有的关注。与此相适应,一种新的教育理念——教育均衡发展的思想日益成为人们关注的焦点和关系国家战略的重大问题。特别是《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》(2010—2020)不仅将推进义务教育均衡发展提升为义务教育战略性任务的高度,而且要求建立健全义务教育均衡发展保障机制,均衡配置教师、设备、图书、校舍等各项资源,切实缩小校际差距,加快缩小城乡差距,努力缩小区域差距,到2020年基本实现区域内义务教育均衡发展,并且要求义务教育均衡发展要率先在县域范围内进行。由此可见,促进县域城乡义务教育均衡发展,已成为我国义务教育均衡发展的重要战略选择,充分体现了党和国家对促进县域城乡义务教育均衡发展的高度重视。那么,什么是县域城乡义务教育均衡发展?为什么义务教育均衡发展要率先在县域范围内进行?判断县域城乡义务教育均衡发展的标准是什么?县域城乡义务教育均衡发展已取得了哪些成效,存在什么问题,为什么存在这些问题?本文在借鉴前人研究和对山西省隰县、浮山县、侯马市和古交市等四个县(市)城乡义务教育均衡发展实地调研的基础上,从理论和实践相结合的角度,对上述问题及原因进行了全面、深入的分析,并借鉴他国的成功经验和结合我国农村的实际,提出了进一步推进县域城乡义务教育均衡发展的对策思路。按照上述逻辑思路,全文共分为六章进行探讨：第一章为导论,主要是确定论文所要研究的问题,阐明研究目的和意义,并深入分析了国内外关于县域城乡义务教育均衡发展的研究现状,确定了本文的研究方法和基本研究思路。第二章在界定县域城乡义务教育均衡发展的基础上,着重论述了义务教育均衡发展为什么要率先在县域范围内进行,提出了判断县域城乡义务教育均衡发展的标准。第三章以山西省四个县(市)为例,并结合山西全省的情况,介绍了县域城乡义务教育均衡发展的实践,分析了县域城乡义务教育均衡发展所取得的成效及其面临的问题。第四章分析了县域城乡义务教育均衡发展所面临问题的原因,主要是县域城乡经济发展的不平衡,城乡二元经济结构与社会制度的影响,义务教育财政体制的过度分权,义务教育差异发展的结果,城镇化步伐加快的负面效应,地方政府缺乏推进县域城乡义务教育发展的积极性等。第五章主要以美国、英国,日本、韩国法国等发达国家为例,介绍这些国家在推进城乡义务教育均衡发展过程中一些成功经验和实践探索,以期为我国县域城乡义务教育均衡发展提供有益的经验借鉴。第六章结合我国的现实国情,借鉴他国的成功经验,就进一步推进县域城乡义务教育均衡发展提出自己的思考和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the end of20th century, with the development of China’s economy and society, as well as the constant update on people’s educational concept, the demand of education resources is rising increasingly, especially for the high quality education resources, so education fairness is given the unprecedented attention. Meanwhile, the thought of educational balanced development has been paid great attention and related to the national strategy. What’s more, Development Plan Outline for Medium and Long-term Education Reform (2010-2020) has not only promoted the balanced development of compulsory education to the height of strategic tasks, but also required to establish and improve its guarantee mechanism, i.e. Keeping teachers, equipment, books, school buildings, and other resources in balance, to shrink the gap between schools, between urban and rural areas, as well as between the different areas quickly. Therefore, the balanced development of regional compulsory education can be realized in regions and carried out firstly in county by the end of2020. From above, the promotion of the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural regions has become an important strategic choice, which fully embodies the great attention of our Party and country to it. However, what is the concept of balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural regions? Why is it arranged firstly in county? What is the standards to judge it in urban and rural regions? What results has urban and rural balanced development education achieved? And what problems exist and why? Based on the former research and the investigation to it in Xi county, Fushan county, Houma county, and Gujiao county of Shanxi province, this paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth analysis to the above questions through the combination of theory and practice. Using the successful experience of other countries for reference and connecting with the reality of Chinese rural areas, some countermeasures to further promote the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education are put forward.This paper consists of six chapters:The first chapter introduces the research question, expounds its purpose and significance, analyzes the research status on balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural regions at home and abroad, and determines the basic research and methods.The second chapter, on the definition of the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural regions, emphases mainly the reasons why it should be carried out first in county and puts forward the standards to judge it. The third chapter, based on examples of four counties in Shanxi Province and combined with the situation of Shanxi Province, introduces the practice of balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural regions, and analyzes the effects having achieved and the facing problems existing in it.The fourth chapter analyzes the main reasons of the problems existing in the balanced development of urban and rural regions, i.e. the different economical levels in urban and rural areas, the influence of the dualistic economic structure in urban and rural areas and the social system, the excessive financial decentralization of compulsory education system, the results of the compulsory education differentiation development, the negative effect of the accelerating urbanization, and the lack of enthusiasm the local government promoting compulsory education development in urban and rural regions.The fifth chapter basically takes the United States, Britain, Japan, South Korea, France and other developed countries for example, and introduces some successful experiences and practices of these countries in the process of promoting balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural regions, in hope of providing useful experiences to the balanced development of compulsory education in China’s urban and rural regions.The sixth chapter, combining with our country’s reality, using the successful experiences of other countries, puts forward some of thoughts and suggestions to promote the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education in China.更多还原