【作者】 刘文光；

【导师】 赵涛；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 科技创业企业不仅是科技创新的主体，而且是扩大社会就业的生力军。科技创业企业在促进科技成果转化、培育中小企业集群，构造创新网络平台、推动区域科技创新，促进产业结构优化、加快区域经济发展，促进社会就业等方面均发挥着重要作用。目前，我国在科技创业方面与发达国家相比还存在较大差距，最主要的原因是科技创业生态系统不够完善，科技创业企业自身得不到较好发展，作用难以充分发挥。与一般生物体类似，科技创业企业也具有输入输出特性、成长性、竞争性、环境适应性等生物特征。科技创业生态系统由科技创业生态群落与科技创业支撑环境两部分构成。科技创业生态群落包括大学及科研机构、投融资机构、科技中介机构、关联企业、政府机构和科技创业企业6类种群；科技创业支撑环境包括经济环境、科技环境、文化环境和自然环境，它是科技创业生态群落赖以生存的环境系统。本文在以下几个方面取得了创新性成果：一是基于生态学的视角提出了区域科技创业生态系统模型。在创业理论综述的基础上，基于生态学的视角构建了区域科技创业生态系统模型，系统阐述其结构、特征、功能机制，并利用生态位理论阐述了科技创业企业种群的生态位以及生态位的宽度、重叠性和适宜度测度问题。二是基于系统动力学原理分析了科技创业生态群落的运行机制，并利用结构方程模型检验了科技创业生态群落构成要素的影响机理。在区域科技创业生态群落系统动力学模型基础上，阐述了科技创业人才的循环反馈机制、科技创业技术的循环反馈机制、科技创业资金的循环反馈机制、科技创业服务的循环反馈机制、科技创业政策的循环反馈机制、科技创业市场的循环反馈机制；利用结构方程模型分析了科技创业生态群落构成要素对科技生态群落运行效果的影响，验证了影响机理的理论假设。三是构建了科技创业生态系统评价指标体系和评价模型。在区域科技创业生态系统模型的基础上，从科技创业生态群落和支撑环境两个方面设计了科技创业生态系统评价指标体系，利用熵权系数法和灰色关联分析法构建了科技创业生态系统评价模型，并以QD市为个案进行了评价与应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Scientific and technological enterprise is not only the technology innovation subject,but also the force to enlarge social obtain employment. Science and technologyenterprises in promoting the transformation of scientific and technologicalachievements, fostering small and medium enterprises cluster, building structureinnovation network platform, promoting the regional scientific and technologicalinnovation, promoting the optimization of the industrial structure, acceleratingregion economy development, promoting social employment have played animportant role. At present, compared with the developed countries, there is still a biggap our in science and technology. The main reason is that science and technologyinnovation environment is not enough perfect. This results science and technologyenterprise oneself cannot get better development effect.Entrepreneurial environment of high-tech enterprises is a composite resourcessystem in certain social environment. It shows some special features observed in thewhole social system. Resembling the general organisms, poineering enterprise ofscience and technology also has the biological characteristics feature such as inputand output characteristics, growth, competition and environment adaptability.Science and technology entrepreneurial ecosystem consists of science andtechnology entrepreneurial ecological community and science and technologysupport environment. Science and technology innovation ecological communityinclude university and scientific research institutions, investment and financingmechanism, orgnaization of intermediary, related enterprises, science andtechnology entrepreneurs. Science and technology supporting environment includepolicy law environment, economy environment, technology environment, culturalenvironment and natural environment. The latter is supporting system of the former.The main innovative achievements are described as follows.First, science and technology entrepreneurial ecosystem model is constructed in thepaper. We apply the ecology theory and method in studying the science andtechnology entrepreneurship environment and constructing the science andtechnology Entrepreneurial ecosystem model. The system elaborated area scienceand technology entrepreneurship ecosystem, including the analysis of its structure,characteristics and functional mechanism; comparative analysis of the naturalecological system and regional science and technology innovation ecosystem. Inhyper volume niche theory, we put forward science and technology niche conceptand analyse of science and technology of the niche breadth and overlap. And thequestions on measuring niche breadth, niche overlap and niche suitability are carriedout. The second is to carry out research on dynamic operation mechanism of regionalscience and technology entrepreneurial ecosystem and structure equation model ofecological community. Based on rational science and technology entrepreneurshipecosystem system dynamics model, we analyses regional science and technologyinnovation ecosystem its dynamic operation mechanism, including entrepreneurialtechnology circulation feedback mechanism, venture capital cycle feedbackmechanism, service feedback mechanism, policy feedback mechanism and so on.Then empirical research on influencing infactors of ecological community is carriedout to verify the theoy hypothesis.The third is to set up an assessment index system and an assessment model of theregional science and technology entrepreneurial ecosystem. The evaluation indexsystem consists of ecological community and support environment. The weight ofeach index is obtained by processing survey data in entropy model. And the scienceand technology entrepreneurial ecosystem of Qd city is assessed using the indexsystem and an assessment model above.更多还原