【作者】 房涛；

【导师】 高辉；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑技术科学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 随着世界能源短缺问题的日益突出，建筑节能逐渐成为全球各国共同关注的研究主题。目前，欧美日等发达国家在建筑节能研究方面走在了世界前列，这些国家在低能耗建筑设计的标准规范、技术策略、政策支持等方面均取得了较大的发展，在此基础之上零能耗建筑逐渐成为未来的主要发展趋势。近些年，我国通过建筑三步节能的发展取得了较大的成就，但在零能耗建筑的基础性研究方面仍处于起步阶段，特别是针对严寒和寒冷地区的零能耗住宅设计研究基本处于空白状态。基于以上原因，本文从天津地区气候特点和可再生能源利用现状两方面入手，对天津地区住宅运行能耗的影响因素进行了深入分析，并以分析结论为基础建立了天津地区零能耗住宅低能耗设计指导原则。将低能耗设计指导原则与可再生能源适用技术的整合、集成与优化相结合，进行了天津地区零能耗住宅可行性的研究与实践。本文首先以零能耗住宅为居住者提供舒适健康的室内居住环境为出发点，对天津地区零能耗住宅的用能季节与时段进行了划分，确立了以一年为周期的采暖、制冷、通风和除湿四个用能季节及相应时段。其次，从分析国内外零能耗住宅实例和能量平衡的角度限定了天津地区零能耗住宅的建筑类型，结合《天津市居住建筑节能设计标准》（DB29-1-2010）建立适宜于天津地区零能耗住宅设计研究用的基础模型。再次，利用能耗模拟软件DesignBuilder对影响基础模型运行能耗的外因和内因进行模拟计算，通过对计算结果进行统计分析后，确立了天津地区零能耗住宅设计的最佳朝向、外围护结构的构造形式、热工性能的参数选择、适宜窗墙比及外窗遮阳形式等。然后，通过对天津地区可再生能源适用技术的选择、集成与优化，建立天津地区零能耗住宅实验室的多能源供能系统，在此基础上对天津地区零能耗住宅的可行性进行了分析研究并作出了初步评价。最后，建立零能耗实验室室内环境监测系统，通过近一年的室内环境参数监测记录，对零能耗实验室无辅助冷热源情况下的室内热环境舒适度进行了评价分析，验证了天津地区零能耗住宅低能耗设计原则的可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasingly prominent worldwide energy shortage, building energyefficiency has become a common concerned research topic. Today, Europe, USA,Japan and other developed countries take a leading position in building energy saving.They all make a great progress in low energy consumption building research such asstandard and code, technique strategy and policy support. On this basis, zero energybuilding has gradually become a main future trend. In recent years, China hasachieved great success in energy efficiency by3-step plan, but still in the initialstage in basic research of zero energy building. Especially, the research of zero energyresidential buildings in cold and severe cold region is almost in a blank state. Basedon the above reasons, from the perspective of Tianjin climate feature and renewableenergy potential use, the thesis made a depth analysis on the influence factors ofoperational energy consumption in Tianjin residential building and on the basis ofanalysis conclusion developed a design guide of Tianjin zero energy residentialbuilding. From the guide of low energy design, by the integration and optimization ofrenewable energy applicable technologies, the thesis performed a research andpractice of feasibility of Tianjin zero energy residential buildings.Firstly, from the point of providing comfortable and healthy indoor environmentfor occupier, the thesis made a division of energy consumption season and period ofTianjin residential building, and developed four energy consumption seasons andperiods of heating, cooling, ventilation and dehumidification in one year.Secondly, from the perspectives of analysis on the worldwide samples of zeroenergy residential buildings and energy balance, the thesis prescribed the types of zeroenergy residential buildings in Tianjin district, and developed basic model applicableto the design of zero energy residential building in Tianjin by integrating TianjinBuilding Efficiency Design Standard of Residential Building.Thirdly using the energy simulation software Design Builder, the thesis made asimulation of inner and outer factors which influence the operational energyconsumption of the basic model, and developed a series of guidelines such as the bestorientation, shell fabric forms and thermal performance parameters, suitablewindow-to-wall ratio, window sun-shading forms and etc.Fourthly, through the selection, integration and optimization of applicablerenewable energy technologies in Tianjin, the thesis developed multi-energy providing system of Tianjin zero energy residential building experiment platform, made ananalysis on the feasibility of Tianjin zero energy residential building, and made apreliminary evaluation.Finally, the thesis established an indoor environmental monitor system of zeroenergy laboratory. Through the indoor environmental parameters record in one year,the thesis made an analytical judgment on indoor comfortable degree of zero energylab without assistant cooling or heating sources and verified the reliability of lowenergy consumption design guide of zero energy residential buildings in Tianjindistrict.更多还原