【作者】 吴卉；

【导师】 董雅；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑环境艺术， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 论文选取什刹海历史文化保护区为研究对象，展开对城市更新中类似历史遗迹、传统住区为一身的历史街区在更新中的可持续性保护的研究，并通过城市公共开放空间的利用与重置，完成对相关理念的梳理。首先，历史文化保护区是我们传统文化的“根”，对“根”的保护方法可采用有机更新、梳理和归纳、比较研究、交叉分析等方法，并将整体性城市设计方法系统地运用于北京旧城保护的实践工作中。什刹海历史文化保护区的保护是一种再生式保护，而非无生命力的纯形态方面的保护，再生式保护对保护“根”有深远意义，这种“保护”也存在矛盾，如再破坏与再调整之间的关系协调，在使用中要注意保护的长期性。第二，基于城市更新中历史街区保护方面的研究，对中外历史文化遗存保护史进行归纳总结，对相关宪章与法律法规进行了宏观上的论述。同时通过对西方、日本相关制度的评述，并对比国内相关政策法规的现实状况，寻求可为我所用的先进经验并规避前车之鉴。结合部分国内外历史街区空间演变案例的讲述，明晰空间演变历程，针对什刹海历史文化保护区最具特色、且与原住民最为息息相关的四合院组群的保护欲修缮问题，并通过烟袋斜街与白米斜街完全不同的案例寻求解决之道。第三，对什刹海，尤其是自金中都以来的发展历史进行详细的概述，其中涉及，什刹海本身形态的变化、相关职能的变化、临近街区的发展变化、街区特色的形成历史等等。对什刹海历史文化保护区空间类型及要素进行分析，从人居环境方面，从自然景观、居住地景观、人造景观及景观要素等方面进行描述，并从具体的景观形态、生态状况进行综合的论述。分析以上结论，站在城市更新中的广义规划与设计倾向的角度，以什刹海历史文化保护区为例，对历史文化保护区的规划发展进行分析，并于重点落于对空间类型与空间形态的分析，将城市公共开放空间的概念进行转化，得出未来和谐发展的道路。本文在借鉴和结合文化学、文化生态学、城市规划学、景观学、心理学、广义设计学、广义建筑学和美学等等方面的相关理论以及国内外文物保护及规划、公共空间设计现阶段研究成果的基础上，对现代城市中文物保护和公共空间设计的传承与创新方法及策略作了探索性的研究；对什刹海历史文化街区文物保护传承和公共空间设计的创新方面进行了实证性研究。同时，对什刹海历史文化保护区公共开放空间展开具体分析，包括对景观空间、历史传承等的分析，并对公共空间中重要的市政与交通方面的内容进行详细的分析，并提出建议与设想，期望可对未来的街区发展提供可实施性的概念。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper chose Shichahai as a conservation district of historic site to conduct a researchon historical neighborhood with historic relics and traditional residential areas forsustainable development in urban regeneration and to complete related concepts throughutilization and rearrangement of the urban public open space.Firstly, conservation district of historic site was the roots which could be preserved byadopting ways of organic renewal, reorganization and induction, comparison study andcross analysis. Integrated urban design methodology should be systematically used inpreserving practice of old towns in Beijing. Preservation of history and culture inShichahai was a kind of regenerative preservation, but not a simple and morphologicalone without vitality. Though significant for the roots, the regenerative preservation alsohad conflicts like balance of re-destruction and readjustment, which needed to be basedon a long-term preservation.Secondly, the paper gave a summary of conservation district of historic site from homeand abroad on the study of historical neighborhood in urban regeneration and amacroscopic description of relative laws and regulations. Systems of the West and Japanwere discussed, current situations of China s related policies and laws were compared tofind useful advanced experience and to avoid lessons. The procedures of space changebecame clear, with a few domestic and overseas cases of historical neighborhoodevolution. Aimed at problems of preservation and reparation of courtyard groups thatwere typical and closely associated with native residents, the paper tried to seek solutionsthrough two different cases from Yandai Skewed Street and Baimi Skewed Street.Thirdly, a detailed discussion including morphological change of Shichahai itself, changeof related functions, change and growth of neighboring streets, and formation of streetfeatures was presented for Shichahai, especially the developmental history as a capitalfrom the Jin Dynasty. The space types and factors of conservation district of historic sitein Shichahai were analyzed. Descriptions were applied in aspects of habitableenvironment for natural landscape, habitat landscape, artificial landscape and landscapefactor, as well as specific landscape form and ecological conditions. Planning anddesigning for conservation district of historic site was analyzed, based on the generalizedplanning and design for urban regeneration with a case of conservation district of historicsite in Shichahai. The focus was on the analysis of space type and space morphology totransform concepts of urban public open space and to find a way of harmoniousdevelopment in the future. In conclusion, an exploring research was carried out on the heritage, innovation andstrategy of cultural relic preservation and public open space design in a modern city, byborrowing and combining theories of cultural studies, cultural ecology, urban planning,landscape science, psychology, generalized design, generalized architecture and aesthetics,as well as domestic and overseas preservation and planning for cultural relics and existingresearch findings of public open space design. The paper conducted an empirical study onthe heritage of cultural relic preservation for the historical and cultural neighborhood inShichahai and on the innovation of public open space design. At the same time, the papermade a concrete analysis on public open space of conservation districts of historic sites inShichahai, including analysis of landscape space and historical heritage, especially theimportant content of urban engineering and transportation in the public open space.Proposals and assumptions were put forward to provide concepts to be implemented forthe neighborhood development in the future.更多还原