【作者】 李阳；

【导师】 杨庆新；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 电气工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 作为无线电能传输技术的一个新的发展方向，磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术具有较大的传输距离、较高的传输功率和效率以及无辐射性和穿透性等优势，它的出现使该技术成为国内外学者研究的热点问题之一。目前很多国内外的学者在这方面展开研究，也取得了很大进展，但是还有很多问题尚未解决，例如无线电能传输理论有待突破，传输功率和效率有待提高等。本文正是基于这些问题展开研究的，首先利用耦合模理论研究了电能无线传输的规律和有效传输的必要条件，利用互感理论分析了电能无线传输的基本特性。其次为了提高电能传输的功率，提出了大功率无线电能传输方法。最后设计实验电路进行相关的实验研究。本文的主要研究工作如下：（1）基于耦合模理论建立了振荡系统的传输模型和数学方程，对无损、有损振荡系统分别建立方程并求解，由其简正模的分析得到能量有效交换和传输的必要条件。（2）利用耦合模方程并综合考虑阻抗损耗和辐射损耗情况下得出系统的传输效率方程，由效率方程的表达式进一步推导工作效率和损耗效率与系统参数的关系。建立了多用户和带中继线圈的无线电能传输耦合模方程，通过拉普拉斯变换和拉普拉斯反变换解出方程得到其简正模。（3）作为耦合模理论的补充和延伸，建立了利用互感理论分析无线电能传输技术的基本特性的方法。首先对无线电能传输系统进行等效得出其电路模型和简化电路，给出简化电路的方程式，解出该方程式得到负载侧的归一化电压表达式和其频率响应特性，即频率分裂特性和分裂规律。（4）根据在一定范围内接收电压最大值不随耦合因数的减小而降低的特性，定义了有效传输范围的概念。结合距离（包括轴向距离和径向距离）或方向与耦合因数的关系，进一步推导得出了无线电能传输的距离特性和方向特性，即虽然距离和方向发生改变但是只要系统仍处于“过耦合”状态，负载接收电压的最大值就有可能保持不变。（5）针对大功率无线电能传输的需要，提出提高无线电能传输功率所涉及的三个基本问题（大功率高频电源、阻抗匹配、谐振频率稳定性问题）以及由于功率提高带来的电磁辐射与电磁兼容问题。（6）设计磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输的实验系统，具体包括功率放大电路、阻抗匹配电路、发射与接收系统等，实现了能量的有效大功率无线传输。随后利用实验电路对本文所提的理论进行了具体分析和验证，包括频率特性、距离特性、方向特性等方面的实验。本文的研究不仅包括磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术的传输机理、传输条件等，还系统分析了无线电能传输的基本特性，以及发射与接收系统电气参数对传输性能的影响。本文的研究成果为无线电能传输技术在轨道交通（电动汽车）、物联网（无线传感网）、医疗设备、特种设备（矿山机械、移动机器人、自动导航车、水下设备等）、便携式电子产品等方面的应用奠定了理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a new development trend, wireless power transfer via coupled magnetic resonances hasmore merits: delivering higher power at longer ranges and with more efficiency, non-radiative,penetrability, which has became one of the hotspot researches by domestic and internationalscholar. The progress of technology in the field of wireless power transfer via coupled magneticresonances in the last few years is remarkable, but there are more questions is unsolved, such asthe mechanism,power and efficiency of wireless power transfer.In order to solve these questions, the transfer laws and necessary condition were studied bycoupled mode theory(CMT) and the transfer fundamental characteristics were analyzed bymutual inductance theory firstly. Then for improving the wireless transfer power, the way oftransfering high power in wireless power transfer system was presented. In the end, experimentcircuit was designed and the experiment results verified the right of the key theoretical analysis.Main points of this paper as follows:(1)Transfer model and mathematics equations of oscillation system baesd on CMT wereestablished. The lossness and loss system were analyzed by mathematics equations and thenecessary condition of energy exchange and transferring was yielded by its normal mode.(2)Considering impedance loss and radiation loss, the equation of teansfer efficiency wasobtained, by which the relationship between working efficiency (or loss efficiency) and wirelesspower transfer system paramerers was derived. Mathematics equations of wireless powertransfer on multi-users and with relay coils were established and its normal mode was obtainedby laplace transform and inverse laplace transform.(3)Fundamental characteristics on wireless power transfer were analyzed by mutualinductance theory. Circuit model and its simplified circuit of wireless power transfer systemwere presented.Then the frequency characteristic including frequency splitting and its lays wasproposed by the describing of normalized voltage of load coils. (4)The concept of effective transfer range was defined, which means the range that themaxim receiving voltage didn t become smaller with the decreasing of coupling factor.Thecharacteristic of transfer range and orientation were proposed using the relationship between thetransfer range(or the orientation) and coupling factor. The maxim receive voltage don t becomesmaller with the changing of transfer range or orientation, if the wireless power transfer is understrong coupling.(5)In order to meet the high power of wireless power transfer, three basic questionsincluding big power with high frequency, impedance matching and stability resonant frequencywere proposed. The electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ofhigher power in wireless power transfer system must not be neglected.(6)Experiment system of wireless power transfer including power amplifier, impedancematching circuit, transfer system and receiver system was designed.Then the key theoreticalanalysis on wireless power transfer was verified, such as the characteristic of transfer range,orientation and frequency, etc.Not only the transfer mechanism and transfer condition of wireless power transfer viacoupled magnetic resonances, but also its fundamental characteristics were presented in thispaper. The research achievement in this paper lays a theoretical foundation for the application ofwireless power transfer technology in rail transit（e.g. electric vehicle）, internet of things（e.g.wireless sensor network）, medical equipment，special equipment（e.g. mine machinery，mobile robot，automatic navagation car,submersed equipment, etc）, portable electronic productsetc.更多还原