【作者】 顾强；

【导师】 杨烨；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 近年来,欧盟对华决策中的主体间认知差异间题日益突出,对中欧关系所产生的影响也越来越明显。基于此,本文以对外决策中的认知差异为理论视角,探讨欧盟对华决策中主体间认知差异对于中欧关系所产生的影响。“主体间认知差异”包含了“欧盟内部各决策主体之间的认知差异”与“欧盟与中国(政府)之间的认知差异”两个方面。本文以各领域对中欧关系所造成的负面影响的严重程度由重至轻把“认知差异”划分为政治、文化、经济以及外交与安全四个领域。本文列举了各领域中所存在的三或四个主体间认知差异问题,进而运用总结归纳法从“欧盟内部的认知差异”、“欧盟与中国之间的认知差异”、“认知差异形成的主要原因”以及“对中欧关系所形成的影响”四个角度总结出各领域的特点。并在此基础上,总结出不同类型的主体间认知差异对中欧关系起到怎样的影响。本文首先从理论上演绎对外决策中的认知差异。阐述在对外决策中,认知主体的指示对象、认知客体所包括的范围、认知差异的表现形式、产生认知差异的原因以及认知差异在对外决策中产生的影响。接着进一步比较系统地阐述欧盟对华决策中的认知差异问题。欧盟的对华决策主体包括了官方和非官方两个层面,官方层面包括欧盟三大机构以及成员国政府,而非官方层面包括智库、媒体以及普通民众。欧盟的对华认知差异表现在两个方面,一是欧盟内部各主体间的认知差异,二是欧盟与中国之间的认知差异。欧盟的对华认知差异涉及领域政治领域、文化领域、经济领域、以及外交与安全领域。欧盟对华认知差异存在三种不同状况,且每种状况所产生的影响也有所不同。欧盟对华认知差异的形成因素包括认知主体、认知客体、认知情景和信息传递四个方面。在政治领域,欧盟内部的认知较一致,中欧之间的认知差异尖锐对立甚至截然相反,核心价值观的冲突和对核心国家利益的挑战成为该领域差异形成的主要原因,该领域的主体间认知差异对中欧关系产生了严重性、长期性和难以调和的负面影响。在文化领域,欧盟内部的认知较一致,中欧之间的认知差异明显,文化背景和历史发展进程的差异成为该领域差异形成的主要原因,该领域的主体间认知差异对中欧关系产生了长期、间接性和难以调和的负面影响。在经贸领域,欧盟内部各决策主体之间存在一定的认知差异,中欧之间也存在一定差异但通过对话与协商可以弥合,经济利益的博弈和衡量标准的差异成为该领域差异形成的主要原因,该领域的认知差异对中欧关系产生的负面影响短期、非严重和可调和性的。在外交与安全领域,欧盟内部各决策主体之间存在一定的认知差异,中欧之间也存在一定差异但通过对话与协商可以弥合,利益的博弈和价值观的冲突成为该领域差异形成的主要原因,该领域的认知差异对中欧关系产生的负面影响短期、可控和可调和性的。在未来一段时期里,产生主体间认知差异的四个因素都会发生一些变化。对于中国而言,应对欧盟对华决策中的主体间认知差异问题,中国在心理上应该以理性而冷静的眼光看待这一问题,认识到该问题的广泛性、长期性和复杂性,并制订具体的对策以应对之。在进行经过详细的分析后,最后总结出本文的结论：欧盟对华决策中的主体间认知差异对中欧关系的影响具有多重性。中欧关系不仅受到中欧之间的认知差异的影响,也受到欧盟内部决策主体之间的认知差异的影响。总体上看,受欧盟决策机制的影响,欧盟内部决策主体之间的认知差异对中欧关系的影响具有两面性：一方面当中欧在此类问题上发生摩擦时,欧盟内部的认知差异会防止中欧在此问题上进一步恶化；另一方面当中欧在此类问题上需要再向前发展时,欧盟内部的认知差异会防碍中欧在此类问题上合作的深化。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, the matter of intersubjective cognitive dissonance of EU’s decision-making on China is is increasingly prominent, and the impact on China-EU relations has become increasingly evident. Based on this,the paper with foreign policy decisions research intersubjective cognitive dissonance of EU’s decision-making on China how to impact China-EU relations. Intersubjective cognitive dissonance include the the cognitive dissonance between the EU’s internal decision-making subjects and the cognitive dissonance between EU and China (government).The paper in the negative impact on the severity of the China-EU relations in all areas from heavy to light,the cognitive differences divided in four areas.political area, cultural area, economic area,diplomatic and security area.The paper list three or four intersubjective cognitive dissonance issues of every area,and use summary method to sum up the characteristics of very area,in four aspects,the the cognitive dissonance between the EU’s internal decision-making subjects.the cognitive dissonance between EU and China,the main reason of produce cognitive dissonance,the affect of intersubjective cognitive dissonance to China-EU relations.On this basis, summed up the different types of cognitive dissonance play what kind of impact on China-EU relations.At the first,the paper deduce the cognitive dissonance of foreign policy decisions.The paper expound who is the cognitive subject,the area of cognitive object,the exhibition of cognitive dissonance,the reasons of produce cognitive dissonance,the affect of cognitive dissonance to in the foreign policy decisions.Secondly,the paper expound the matter of intersubjective cognitive dissonance of EU’s decision-making on China in detail.EU’s decision-making subjects on China include official and unofficial two levels.The official level, including the three major EU institutions, as well as member states’ governments, and non-official level, including think tanks, media and ordinary people.The Intersubjective cognitive dissonance of EU EU’s decision-making on China include the the cognitive dissonance between the EU’s internal decision-making subjects and the cognitive dissonance between EU and China.The areas include political area, cultural area, economic area,diplomatic and security area.The cognitive dissonance of EU to China include three different condition,different condition have different affect.In the political area,the cogniton is very same in the EU inside,the cognition is sharp opposition and even oppose between China and EU, the confliction of core values and the challenges to core national interests are the main reasons produce cognitive dissonance in the area,the negative impact is serious,long-term and difficult to reconcile in tha area. In the culture area,the cogniton is very same in the EU inside,the cognition is sharp opposition between China and EU, the diffrent of culture background and historical course are the main reasons produce cognitive dissonance in the area,the negative impact is long-term,indirect and difficult to reconcile in tha area. In the economic area,the cogniton have something diffrent in the EU inside,the cognition between China and EU have something diffrent but the different can close through dialogue and consultation, the game of economic interests and the different of measurement criteria are the main reasons produce cognitive dissonance in the area,the negative impact is short-term, non-serious and can reconcile in tha area. In the foreign and security area,the cogniton have something diffrent in the EU inside,the cognition between China and EU have something diffrent but the different can close through dialogue and consultation, the game of interests and the confliction of values are the main reasons produce cognitive dissonance in the area,the negative impact is short-term, controllable and can reconcile in tha area.In the coming period,the four reasons of produce intersubjective cognitive dissonance will have something change.For China,the response to the matter of intersubjective cognitive dissonance of EU’s decision-making on China,China should be rational and sober senses to look at this matter, understanding the problem of widespread, long-term and complex,and develop specific strategies to deal with.After the detailed analysis, the paper finally summed up the conclusions of this paper:The affect have multiple of intersubjective cognitive dissonance of EU’s decision-making on China.The the cognitive dissonance between the EU’s internal decision-making subjects and the cognitive dissonance between EU and China,are both affect the Sino-European relationship.Overall, the influence of intersubjective cognitive dissonance of EU’s decision-making on China have two sides.One side,on the one hand, when China and the EU on such issues friction,the cognitive dissonance of EU’s inside prevent further deterioration of Sino-European relationship.the other hand, when China and the EU on such issues need to move forward, the EU’s internal cognitive dissonance will hinder the deepening of China-EU cooperation on such issues.更多还原