【作者】 马赛；

【导师】 肖铁肩；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 马克思主义基本原理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 人们在一定的共同信仰或共同利益之下结成政党,从而形成了一种特殊的关系,即政党内部的关系,我们将其称之为党内关系。党内关系的结成,取决于人们的信仰和组成政党的目的,因而不同类型的政党,会有不同类型的党内关系。马克思主义政党,作为在科学社会主义理论指导下为工人阶级和全人类解放事业而奋斗的政党,在党内关系上必然与一切剥削阶级政党的党内关系有着显著的区别。它自身具有鲜明的革命性和阶级性,我们将这样的党内关系称之为马克思主义党内关系。马克思主义的经典作家和领袖们,在创建和领导无产阶级政党的过程中,逐步形成了马克思主义党内关系理论。这一理论,首先具备一般意义上政党党内关系理论的基本内涵,但是它同时具有自己的特殊性,从而与其他各种非马克思主义政党的党内关系理论区别开来。这种特殊性主要体现在马克思主义党内关系理论是以辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义为指导的,符合马克思主义党的学说的基本原则；理论构建的目的是为党的内部关系建设服务,是要保持无产阶级政党的先进性和战斗力,最终推翻一切剥削制度,实现共产主义。马克思主义党内关系理论的形成经历了一个长期的过程。马克思主义的创始者马克思、恩格斯在为无产阶级政党而奋斗的历程中奠定了马克思主义党内关系的基本原理；帝国主义时代的无产阶级伟大领袖列宁进一步继承和发展了这一党内关系思想,将其推进到一个崭新的高度；中国共产党人把马克思主义党内关系理论进一步中国化,从而把世界上最大的马克思主义政党的事业推向前进。马克思主义党内关系理论就是这样一步步日臻成熟的。马克思主义党内关系包含了一系列基本要素,包括实体要素即党员和组织,制度性要素即党纲和党章,抽象性要素即信仰和作风,以及生态性要素即政治经济和历史文化。马克思主义党内关系还包含了各种具体的关系,主要是指党员之间的关系、党员与党的组织之间的关系以及党的组织之间的关系,三者交织,共同构成一副党内关系的图景。马克思主义党内关系理论对这些要素和具体关系都做了详尽的阐述。马克思主义党内关系理论还对党内关系如何运行做了思考,即必须以民主集中制为根本原则,始终以党内团结为目标；要坚持群众路线的方法,正确开展党内斗争,毫不犹豫地反对党内宗派；要通过构建党内权力的授予、使用、制衡和党员权利的保障这样四位一体的机制来保障马克思主义党内关系的有效运行马克思主义党内关系理论自诞生之日起,就在各国马克思主义政党的建设中去实践,并且在实践中不断发展。在这个实践的过程中,既有过成功的经验,也有过惨痛的教训,既有过传承与创新,也有过偏离和背叛,这些都值得今天的马克思主义政党在处理党内关系时去认真借鉴。党的政治路线的实现离不开党的组织路线作保证。能否确保党内关系的马克思主义化,事关马克思主义政党的伟大历史任务能否有效实现。21世纪初的中国共产党,正团结8000余万党员,带领14亿中国人民为实现科学发展和社会和谐而努力奋斗。这就要求新形势下的中国共产党的党内关系,一方面必须坚持马克思主义党内关系的基本原理,才不会使得党自身出现问题,另一方面又必须适应科学发展和社会和谐的新要求,在自身内部关系的建设上不断开拓创新。只有这样,中国共产党才能永远成为中国人民的坚强领导核心,完成历史赋予的神圣使命。更多还原

【Abstract】 People form parties with certain common beliefs or interests, where a special relationship is established, i.e., the relationship within the party, which we refer to as the inner-party relationship. The forming of such inner-party relationship depends on people’s belief and the purpose of party, so there will be different types of inner-party relationships due to different types of parties. A Marxist political party, is inevitably different from all the exploiting class parties concerning the inner-party relationship, because it is a party with the scientific socialism theory as its guidance and devote itself to the liberation of the working class and all the mankind. As such inner-party relationship features a distinct characteristic of revolutionary and classification, we refer it as a Marxist inner-party relationship.The Marxist classical writers and leaders gradually built the Marxist theory on inner-party relationship in the process of creating and leading the party of the proletariat. This theory owns the basic characteristics of any inner-party relationship theories at the first glance, but it also has its own particularities which distinguish it from all kinds of other non-Marxism political parties. This specialty mainly lies in two points. First, the Marxist theory of the inner-party relationship takes dialectical materialism and historical materialism as the guidance. Second, it always accords with the basic principles of Marxist party’s theory.Third,the purpose of forming the theory is to facilitate building the party’s internal relationship, and to maintain the advanced nature and the fighting capacity of the proletariat party, in order to overthrow the system of exploitation, and thus realize the communism eventually.The Marxist theory of the inner-party relationship forms after a long process. Marx and Engels, the founder of Marxism, laid the basic principles of the Marxist inner-party relationship, in the process of striving for the party of the proletariat. Lenin, the great proletarian leader in the era of imperialism, further inherited and developed the inner-party relationship thoughts, and pushed the theory forward to a new height. The Chinese communists further sinicize the Marxist theory of inner party relationship, so as to take ahead the cause of world’s largest Marxist party. In such a process, Marxist theory of the inner-party relationship is becoming mature gradually step by step.Marxist inner-party relationship contains a series of basic elements, including entity elements as party members, organizations, institutions, abstract elements such as faith and style, and ecological factors such as political economy, history and culture. Marxist inner-party relationship also contains a specific relationship, which refers to the relationship among party members, the relationship between party organizations and members, and relationship within party organizations. All the relationship of the three parts cooperates with each other to constitute a picture of inner-party relationship. Marxist theory of inner-party relationship makes a detailed exposition of these relationship and factors. This theory also reasons the implementation and maintenance of the inner-party relationship. That is, taking democratic centralism as the first principle, party unity as the unchanging goal, adhering to the method of mass line, carrying out inner-party struggling correctly,and struggling against party sectarian without hesitation. At last, it manages the marxist party’s inner-relationship effectively by building a four-in-one mechanisms, which regulates the awarding, using,balancing of power inside the Party, and also safeguards the rights inside the Party.Since the date of its birth,Marxist theory of the inner-party relationship takes practice with the construction of every Marxism parties, and develops in such practice.During the process, there has been experience of succeeding, but also painful lessons; there has been inheritance and innovation, but also deviation and betrayal. All of these provide invaluable references for Marxist parties to manage the inner-party relations today.The party’s political line can not be implemented without the party’s organizational line. Ensuring the marxism nature of inner-party relationship is very important to effectively achieving the Marxism political party’s great historical task. At the beginning of21st century, the Chinese communist party (CPC), is uniting more than8000party members, and leading1.4billion Chinese people to work hard in realizing scientific development and social harmony. Under such new situation, there will be new requirements on the inner-party relationship of CPC. On one hand, adhering to the inner-party relationship theory of Marxism will not make the party vunerable to problems.On the other hand, adapting to the new requirements of the scientific development and social harmony, there must be continuous innovation for the construction of CPC’s own inner relationship. Only in this way, the CPC can be a strong core of the leadership of the Chinese people forever, and complete the sacred mission endowed by history.更多还原