布依族《摩经》语言文化研究

【作者】 伍文义；

【导师】 潘悟云；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 中国少数民族语言文学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 《摩经》是学界公认的布依族传统宗教经典。唐宋以来，在汉文化影响下的布依族人创造性地运用汉字音韵和偏旁部首，记录原有布依族传统宗教的《经词》，以此作为祭师“布摩”先生在宗教仪式中唱诵的经书，从而传承了布依族历史文化，这些转录的经书被称为《摩经》。它集中反映了布依族先民对日月星辰、天地山川、先祖神圣、古代氏族的观念与社会生活实际，不仅具有宗教学史料意义，而且对语言学、人类学、历史学、民族科技、文学艺术等学科也有极高的学术价值。著者经过长期艰苦细致的调查研究，深入边远山区收集拍摄了经书原文图片，并在当地农村根据“布摩”先生的念诵与解释，对经文逐字逐句进行布依语国际音标注音、汉语直译、意译和注释，总共破译了《摩经》达四部之多,并调查记录了布依族第三土语词汇达10923个词汇。布依语词汇前人调查的词量不多。超过一万个词汇的调查，在布依语调查中是第一次。一方面保存语料，另一方面从一万多个词汇中发现了许多《摩经》书目。例如[pe13kn11]供祖宗的神龛；[pu42mu33]祭师；[mu33ku13cie55]《古夜王经》；[mu33zu13fαn42o]《稻谷魂经》；[mu33tu42in11]《祭铜鼓经》等等；还参加了三次布依族用牛祭祖的隆重宗教仪式，拍摄了使用《摩经》祭祖的实景图片；从而拓展了《摩经》语言文化的语料范围。由此，著者采用自己调查所得的大量第一手资料，按照记音与译文转写，分析其语音的声、韵、调系统，认真参考前人研究成果，结合布依族实际对《摩经》语言文化的若干专题进行了深入细致的研究与考证，充分展现了布依族文化个性特征与中华民族文化的共性特征，丰富了祖国的文化宝库。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mo Scriptures is a well recognized traditional Buyi Ethnic religious classic in the academia. Under the influence of Han culture, Buyi ethic people, since Tang and Song Dynasties, have creatively applied the phonology and radicals of Chinese characters (Hanzi) to record Buyi traditional religious scriptures which they already have. They used these records as scripture books for ‘Bumuo’, the Shaman, to chant in religious rites. These scripture books which are called Mo Scripture are critical for keeping and inheriting Buyi ethic culture and history. These scriptures intensively reflect Buyi ancestors’ understanding towards the Sun, Moon and Stars, towards World Mountains and rivers, towards their ancestors and Gods, and towards ancient clans. They also reflected the reality of the social living of Buyi ethic people. The Mo Scripture does not only have great value to religious studies, but also has great academic value to linguistics, anthropology, history, national science and technology industry, literature and art.The author has carried out a long hard meticulous study, and went to remote mountainous areas to collect and take photos of the all the scripture books. He gave phonetic notation to every word and sentence by using Buyi language international phonetic alphabet according to the chanting and explanation from the local ‘Bumuo’. In addition, he gave free translations and literal translations to every word and sentence, as well as explanatory notes for four Mo Scripture books, and recorded10,923the third Buyi local dialect words, such as [pe13kn11] shrine for ancestral worship,[pu42mu33] Shaman,[mu33ku13cie55] Gu Ye Wang Scripture,[mu33zu13fαn42o]the Spirit of Rice Scripture,[mu33tu42in11] Bronze Drum Worship Scripture and so on. He attended three grand Buyi religious rites, in which locals worship their ancestors by sacrificing an ox, and photographed the live-actions of how locals use Mo Scripture, therefore, extended the linguistic and cultural resource range of Mo Scripture. With the first hand materials, comprehensive study of previous research, and the reality of Buyi ethnic group, the author has carried out a thorough research on several subjects. This research has quite reflected the individuality of Buyi ethnic culture and the similarity in all Chinese ethnic people, and enriched traditional Chinese culture.更多还原