【作者】 王晶晶；

【导师】 杨剑龙；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 包天笑是清末民初最重要的文化人之一。他的文学创作丰富多样，同时身兼报人、杂志编辑和文学社团组织者的多重身份。本文考察了他的翻译、小说创作、他所编辑的杂志，认为他的创作和文学活动大致呈现出求新复又趋旧的历程——他的翻译、短篇小说创作表现出明显的“求新求变”的现代化冲动，而他的长篇小说创作总的来说却趋于保守。这既和包天笑的思想大致经历了由旧到新，又由新趋旧的过程紧密相连，也和时代精神与思想观念息息相关。包天笑身处晚清巨变的关口，他的人生轨迹与时代变迁相互映照，他的求新精神正是对“中国能否近代化”的时代命题的回答。在包天笑漫长的文学创作生涯中，不同阶段进行着不一样的尝试，自有侧重，因此他的一生构成了“一部纵的文学史”。对包天笑作品与文学活动的描述与分析，也成为考察那一代文化人面对时代变革时的选择及其新旧杂陈的人格状态的极佳切入点。本文论述的重点将围绕三个问题展开：一、包天笑的翻译和创作文本到底构成了怎样一幅文学图景，其审美价值和文化意义在何处？二、包天笑以及围绕在他周围的文化人，他们文学创作与活动到底如何影响了下一阶段即“五四”新文学，并且，是如何与之互动的？三、包天笑的文学活动（包括编辑杂志和组织社团）建构了怎样的公共空间？即外在于包天笑的文学创作的是怎样的文化环境？本文立足于文本研究和报刊杂志的考察，并试图把文学文本还原到产生它们的语境中去，描述出那个时代的文化气息。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bao Tianxiao (包天笑)is one of the most important scholars in the late QingDynasty and the early years of the Republic of China. He is a novelist who practicedin a variety of literary writings. He is also a journalist and a editor of magazines and aorganizer of literacy groups. This paper studies his translations, novels, and thejournals and magazines that he edited, and comes to the conclusion that his literacywritings and cultural activities generally changed by "chasing modernity" to "back toconservative attitude." The impulse of "chasing modernity" was fully reflected by histranslation activities and short story writing, and generally speaking his novels tendtowards traditional styles and values. This phenomenon was connected with Bao’schanging ideas, which were also paralleled by the spirit of times. Bao Tianxiao was inthe Late Qing Dynasty when a number of sudden changes occurred, and his growingcareer was paralleled by the changing times. For example, his impulse towardschasing modernity was in part an answer to the question "Is China able to finishmodernization?"Bao Tianxiao had a long career in literary writing, and he tried different typesand styles of writing, so it seems that his writing career forms a special literaturehistory itself. The description and analysis of Bao Tianxiao’s literary writings andcultural activities supports a perspective to look at scholar’s choice in great changesand a melting personality of modernism and conservatism.This paper focuses on three questions: first, what charming literacy prospect isBao Tianxiao’s translation activities and writing? What is their aesthetic value andcultural meaning? Second, how did the writing and activities of Bao Tianxiao andother scholars around him influence the May Fourth New Literature? How did theyrespond to each other? Third, what space did Bao Tianxiao construct through literacyactivities involving editing magazine and organize groups? What cultural atmospheresurrounded Bao Tianxiao’s literacy writings? By examining literary texts, journals,and magazines, this paper also aims at restoring literary texts to their original contextand describing the cultural atmosphere of the time.更多还原