【作者】 孙景翠；

【导师】 岳上植；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 农业增效、农民增收、农村发展越来越成为社会各界关注的焦点问题。理论与实践证明,农业技术创新是转变农业发展方式,推动农业结构调整,提升农业竞争力,实现农业可持续发展的关键因素和主要动力。农业技术创新资源具有稀缺性、动态性与区域性等特点,是农业技术创新所必需的重要战略资源。因而,农业技术创新资源的合理流动与配置是农业技术创新顺利实现的重要保障。基于农业技术创新的重要性以及农业技术创新资源配置在农业技术创新中的战略地位,如何提升农业技术创新资源配置的效率,并不断优化农业技术创新资源的配置,就成为当前一个紧迫而重要的课题。然而,研究比较国内外的农业技术创新资源配置情况发现,中国的农业技术创新资源配置存在着严重的问题,极大地影响了农业技术进步及农业经济的发展。本文正是在这样的背景下,构建了农业技术创新资源配置系统的分析框架,并对其各项配置要素进行分析研究,以实现农业技术创新资源的优化配置,加速农业技术创新,并有利于促进三农问题的有效解决。本文通过分析相关的理论研究成果明确地对农业技术创新资源进行了界定,并对农业技术创新资源进行详细的分类,根据与本研究相关的基础理论及国外农业技术创新资源配置方面的实践做法及其经验启示,构建了农业技术创新资源配置系统的分析框架,认为农业技术创新资源配置应从配置主体、配置客体、配置效率和配置模式等方面进行综合分析研究。这些方面作为农业技术创新资源配置的核心问题互相关联、共同作用于配置系统。本文对中国农业技术创新资源的配置主体、配置客体、配置效率和配置模式进行了分析研究。(1)在配置主体分析中,本文对农业技术创新资源配置主体系统的内涵及功能进行了分析,并从微观角度对各配置主体自身的特点、作用及行为进行了分析,又从宏观角度运用博弈模型对农业技术创新资源配置主体之间的行为关系进行了分析。经过研究,本文认为农业技术创新资源配置主体系统功能的发挥要通过各配置主体间行为的协同来实现,论文依据各配置主体自身的特点以及博弈分析的结论,设计出各个配置主体之间行为协同的方向、原则、途径和制度与政策保障措施。(2)在配置客体分析中,本文根据农业技术创新资源按职能分类的角度,对各类配置客体进行了量化分析,对配置客体的规模、结构等方面进行了现状分析、趋势分析和区域分析,总结出我国农业技术创新资源配置客体分布的基本特点。(3)在配置效率评价分析中,本文针对农业技术创新过程的特点,依据一定的配置原则构建了基于不同配置主体的两阶段评价指标体系,运用DEA方法从横向和纵向两个维度对我国农业技术创新资源配置效率进行实证分析和评价,并提出对农业技术创新资源进行优化配置的方案措施,针对评价分析得出的中国农业技术创新成果产出效率相对较高而成果转化效率相对较低的结论,本文认为,必须不断加强农业技术创新成果的“产业化应用”。(4)在配置模式研究中,本文明确提出社会资本应作为一种资源配置方式,对政府调控配置、市场调节配置和社会资本配置三种配置方式的内涵及特点以及三者的作用边界进行分析,以此为基础,对配置机制和配置模式进行了研究。论文结合实际案例进行分析,总结和归纳出我国农业技术创新资源配置模式主要有市场主导型、政府引导型、网络集成型及综合优势发挥型。本文认为,应充分发挥三种配置方式的协同作用,培育和设计有效的配置机制,选择适合所在区域特点的农业技术创新资源配置模式。最后,针对前面分析中发现的重点问题提出了相应的政策建议。总之,本文力图从全新的视角研究农业技术创新问题,论文的研究内容涉及用经济学分析农业技术创新资源配置的应用问题,内容丰富,提出的对策适时可行,对农业技术创新的理论与实践具有一定的可参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Improving the efficiency of agriculture, increasing the income of farmers and promoting the developent of the country have increasingy become the focus of society. Both theories and practice have proved that agricultural technology innovation is the key factor and the main pushing power to convert agricultural development mode, promote structural adjustment of agriculture, enhance agricultural competitiveness and achieve sustainable development of agriculture. Agricultural technology innovation resources are essential and strategic resources for agricultural technology innovation, and have the scarce, dynamic and Regional characteristics. Therefore, the rational flow and allocation of agricultural technology innovation resources is the effective guarantee of the smooth realization of agricultural technology innovation. Considering the importance of agricultural technology innovation and the strategic status of agricultural technology innovation resources allocation in agricultural technology innovation, how to improve the efficiency of agricultural technology innovation resources allocation and optimize the allocation of agricultural technology innovation resources has become an urgent and important project nowdays. However, the research and comparison of domestic and foreign agricultural technology innovation resource allocation show that there are serious problems in the allocation of agricultural technology innovation resources in China, which have greatly affected the advance of agricultural technology and the development of agricultural economy. Under the background, the dissertation forms the analytic framework of the allocation system of agricultural technology innovation resources, analysing and studying the elements in resource allocation so as to implement the optimal allocation of agricultural technology innovation resources, speed agricultural technology innovation and help find effective solutions to the Issues of Agriculture, Rural Areas and Farmers.The dissertation defines agricultural technology innovation resources clearly by analyzing related theories and research results and classifies agricultural technology innovation resources in detail. Based on the basic theories related to the research and the practice and experience of foreign agricultural technology innovation resource allocation, the dissertation forms the analytic framework of the allocation system of agricultural technology innovation resources, showing that agricultural technology innovation resource allocation shoule be analyzed comprehensively from the aspects of allocation subjects, allocation objects, allocation efficiency and allocation patterns. As the core of agricultural technology innovation resource allocation,these factors correlates with each other and act on the allocation system together.The dissertation analyses and studies allocation subjects, allocation objects, allocation efficiency and allocation patterns of agricultural technology innocation resources in China.(1) Allocation subject analysis. The dissertation analyses the connotation and function of the allocation subjects of agricultural technology innovation resources. At the same time, it analyses the characteristics, function and behaviour of individual allocation subjects from the microscopic view and the behaviour relationship between different subjects of agricultural technology innovation resources from the macroscopic view by using game model. The dissertation holds the view that the allocation subject system of agricultural technology innovation resourcesc can function well only by the synergy of different subjects. Based on the characteristics of different subjests and the conclusion of the game analysis, the dissertation designs the directions, principles, paths, systems and policy guarantee for the synergy of different allocation subjects.(2)Allocation object analysis. The dissertation makes quantitive analyses of different allocation objects according to the function classification of the agricultural technology innovation resources. Meanwhile, it analyses the scale and structure of the allocation objects from current status, trend and Regional distribution, and it summarizes the basic features of the object distribution of the agricultural technology innovation resources allocation in China.(3)Allocation efficiency analysis. Based on the features and priciples of agricultural technology innovation allocation, the dissertation establishes an evaluation index system of two stages which depends on different subjects. Using DEA method, it analyses and evaluates the allocation efficiency of agricultural technology innovation resources in China from both horizontal and vertical dimensions and puts forward plans and measures on how to optimize agricultural technology innovation resources allocation. According to the evaluation and analysis, the dissertion draws the conclusion that the output efficiency of agricultural technology innovation is relatively high but the conversion efficiency of agricultural technology innovation results is low. As a result, it is essential to strengthen "industrial application" of agricultural technology innovation results.(4)Allocation pattern analysis. Social capital should be regarded as a kind of resources allocation mode. By analysing the connotation, characteristics and function boundary of government regulation mode, market modulation mode and social capital mode, the dissertation studies allocation machanism and allocation patterns. Combining theories with actual cases, the dissertation summarizes the main allocation patterns of agricultural technology innovation resources in China, that is, Market Orientation, Government Guides, Network Integration and Comprehensive Advantage. The dissertation shows that it is important to promote the synergistic effect of the three allocation patterns, cultivate and design effective allocation mechanism and select allocation patterns of agricultural technology innovation resources applicable to regional features.In the end, corresponding policy proposals are put forward according to the key problems discovered in the analyses. In a word, the dissertation tries to study the problems on agricultural technology innovation from a new point of view. The contents of the research, which are rich, cover analysing application problems of agricultural technology innovation by using economics principles. The solutions put forward in the dissertation are timely and feasible, which have great reference values on the theories and practices of agricultural technology innovation.更多还原