【作者】 杨慧娟；

【导师】 宋乃庆； 王光明；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 高中教育是是初等教育通往高等教育的桥梁,也是两者衔接的关键阶段,有些国家甚至把高中作为大学预科,所以,任何国家的高中教育改革都非常谨慎。在高中课程改革过程中,除了理念的革新,教科书的编写与使用是课程改革的重要方面,因为教科书是策划改革者思想的体现,是新课程的载体,是教师实施新课程的工具,是学生学习的权威资料。2004年我国开始试用高中数学新教科书,2010年教育部委托北京师范大学与西南大学对高中新课程教科书的使用进行调查。本研究的选题背景总课题“普通高中新课程实验教科书使用调查”的子课题“高中数学新课程实验教科书使用调查”,这是继“义务教育新课程实验教科书使用调查”之后对教科书的使用进行的一项调查。对高中数学教科书进行使用调查研究,发现并进一步再认识新教科书的特色、优势、在编写和使用过程中出现的问题,有利于在教科书改革的过程中进一步提升教科书的编写质量,强化特色,提高使用效果,从而稳步推进高中课程改革。本研究的理论价值在于：丰富高中数学教科书编写和使用的有关理论研究,有利于提高数学教科书的质量和使用效果。在一般性地教科书使用调查的基础上,探寻出针对高中数学教科书使用调查研究的维度,这是进行本调查研究的根本,也是提高高中数学新教科书使用效果的必经之路。本研究的实践价值在于：明确高中数学教科书使用调查的内涵,找出高中数学新课程教科书编写与使用中的问题,为师生有效使用教科书提供有意义的实践性指导,同时为新教科书的修订提供数据支持和参考意见,也希望能够为普通高中数学课程标准的修订尽微薄之力。本研究采取文献法、调查法、观察法、数据统计法等研究方法,在对高中数学教科书的历史变迁及国内外对教科书的研究进行梳理的基础上,编制了调查问卷和访谈提纲,通过实地调查,对师生认可高中数学新教科书本身的情况作了统计。通过均值比较,统计了不同类型群体的师生在认可新教科书及使用新教科书方面的一些统计意义上的差异性,使本研究更具有科学性。通过访谈和课堂观察深度了解了新教科书本身及使用过程中出现的问题。本研究的主要问题包括：(1)教科书的编写理论基础；(2)高中数学教科书使用调查的维度确定；(3)高中数学教科书使用调查的结果统计与分析；(4)高中数学教科书使用过程中凸显的特色、问题与矛盾；(5)修订高中数学课程标准、教科书及教科书使用的建议等。论文的主要框架结构包含七个部分,第一部分“绪论”中主要阐述了研究课题的由来,研究的意义与价值以及研究的思路与方法。第二部分“文献综述”主要阐述了国内外有关教科书编写、使用以及有关评价方面的成果和发展动态。第三部分“高中数学教科书编写与使用的理论基础”主要阐述了教科书编写和使用的基础理论；数学课程设计的原则；数学教科书与数学课程的关系；教科书与师生的关系等；数学教科书的功能与价值。第四部分“高中数学教科书使用调查的维度确定与调查问卷设计”主要阐述了高中数学教科书的使用调查应该从哪些维度展开；本研究调查问卷的设计与信度、内容效度等。第五部分“高中数学新教科书使用调查的结果统计”主要从三个方面对问卷的结果进行了统计：样本的基本信息；师生对教科书的认可指数统计、师生对教科书内容及使用的均值比较。第六部分“高中数学教科书的特色、问题”主要阐述了高中数学新教科书的特色、使用过程中凸显出的问题与矛盾。第七部分“建议”主要论述了进一步修订高中数学课程标准与教科书的建议。论文的最后指明了本研究的不足之处以及后续要开展的研究。本研究的发现与结论：(1)师生对新教科书的主体内容认可指数较高,部分内容并不适合当前的教学现状；(2)学校类型以及学生的成绩是造成师生对新教科书认可差异显著的主要因素。(3)新教科书具有很多新的特色,如：理念新颖、注重应用、注重过程、与信息技术的整合等。(4)新教科书使用过程中存在诸多问题与矛盾,如衔接的问题给新教科书的使用效果造成一定的影响；拓展性课程资源存在高评价与低使用率的矛盾；师生对数学教科书教育价值认识的偏移等。对此,我们提出建议：(1)课程制定者：进一步审视并明确高中数学教科书的价值定位,进一步推进教科书编写与使用的多样化与一体化；(2)教科书编写者：平衡增加内容与删除内容关系,在教科书适当的位置增加引申链接,增强课外资源的可操作性；(3)高中数学教师：克服不利于教科书使用的教学惯性,发挥主观能动性,创造性地使用教科书,使用过程中要充分认识高中教育价值的多元化；(4)新课程培训部门：增强培训的针对性,包括培训主体的针对性和培训内容的针对性；另外高师数学教育专业也要进行相应的改革,以满足高中数学新教科书使用的需求。本研究的创新之处：(1)内容创新：本课题切合国家基础教育的迫切需求,在国家层面上进行高中数学教科书的使用调查研究在国内具有新近性,所以对高中教科书的使用情况进行全面的调查研究本身就是一项新的研究工作。(2)方法创新：利用统计的方法以及数学的工具对高中数学教科书的使用情况进行评估,质的分析与量的统计相结合,提高了研究的说服力和可信度。本研究的不足之处：(1)结论推广范围有限：由于人的认识是一个不断发展变化的过程,师生对教科书的认识亦是如此,所以对本研究中发现的问题和得到的结论推广范围有限。(2)样本数量有限。对高中数学教科书的调查研究本身具有一定的难度,而本研究为个人型的研究,受个人人力资源条件,调查的数据样本有限。另外由于本人学识和研究能力所限,亦还没有对所得到的数据做进一步更为深入的分析与建模。更多还原

【Abstract】 Senior high school education is the higher stage of basic education after compulsory education, and it is the bridge between basic education and higher education, and is also the key stage for jointing both of them. So the reformation of education in senior high school is treated with caution in every country. In the process of curriculum reformation in senior high school, besides innovation of ideas, reformation of textbooks is one of the most important part because they are the embody of reformation, the carrier of new curriculum idea, the teaching tool and the authoritative learning materials.Although new mathematics textbooks began to be used in senior high school in2004, there was not the real national grade investigation for it until in2010. This study was carried out basing on the project of "investigation of new textbooks using in senior high school", which is a subproject from the project of "investigation of new textbooks to compulsory education" approved by Ministry of Education (MOE). Investigation of mathematics textbooks’usage can help us to find out their characteristics, advantages and problems, which will be benefit to promote quality of textbooks’compiling, strength characteristics of mathematics textbooks and improve using result, so that we could carry forward curriculum reformation in senior high school.The theoretical value of this study is as follow:enriching theoretical study of compilation and use of mathematics textbooks in senior high school, which will improve textbooks’quality and effect of use. Based on general investigations, we found out criteria of investigative research on use of textbooks, which is key to improve effect of use of textbooks in senior high school education. The practical value of study is as follow:making clear connotations of textbooks’ investigation, finding some problem of using new textbooks, providing some support and reference for revising curriculum standard, mathematics textbooks and providing some guidance for teachers and student when use textbooks.Literature, investigation, observational and statistical methods were employed to study, on the base of studying the history of math textbooks and the discuss of math textbooks at home and abroad, developed questionnaire and visiting syllabus, do some statistics about teachers and students’acception to textbooks. According to comparing of mean, do some statistics about that different teachers and students have some statistical significance. According to interview and observation in classroom we realize some problem in textbooks and process in using.The emphases of study are as follows:(1) compiling theory of textbooks;(2) determination of criteria of investigation on mathematics textbook use;(3) statistics and analysis of result of investigation on senior high school mathematics textbook;(4) characteristics, main problems of math textbooks reflected in the investigatioin;(5) reference for revising curriculum standard, textbooks and use.The doctoral dissertation comprises of seven main parts.(1)"Introduction", state the origin of the study, the value, train of thought and methods of study.(2)"Literature Review", explain the trend, achievement and development of compiling, using and evaluating textbooks in china and other countries.(3)"Theory on compilation and use of mathematics textbooks in senior high school", state theoretical foundation of composing textbooks, principle of mathematics curriculum design, relationship between mathematics textbooks and mathematics curriculum, relationship between mathematics textbooks and teachers and students, function and value of mathematics education in senior high schools.(4)"Criteria of investigation on use of mathematics textbooks and design of questionnaire", state criteria of investigating senior high schools’mathematics textbooks, design of questionnaire and its reliability and content validity.(5)"Results of investigation on use of mathematics textbooks", do statistics from3factors of survey result:summary information, acceptance index on mathematics textbook of teachers and students and comparison of means.(6)"Characteristics and problems of mathematics textbooks in senior high school", state characteristics and main problems of mathematics textbooks in use.(7)"Suggestions"state suggestions for revising mathematics curriculum standard and textbooks. In the last of thesis, point out limitations and possible study needed to be further conducted. Research findings and conclusions are as follows:(1) Teachers and students have high acceptance level to new mathematics textbooks in senior high schools, some contents are inappropriate under present teaching condition;(2) School type and students’examination score are the main factors affecting the opinion of teachers and students to new textbooks.(3) New textbooks have some characters, for example:new ideas, value on application and process, integration with IT.(4) There are some problems in use, for example:problem of alignment influencing the use of new textbooks to certain extent, extracurricular resource have been highly appraised whilst low use of textbook value of mathematics education had been lost.We offer some proposals:(1) for leader of curriculum drafting:define the value of senior high schools’mathematics and propel the diversification and integration of textbooks compilation.(2) for editors of textbooks:balance the content’s adding and deleting, do some links on suitable blank spaces in textbooks and strengthen the maneuverability of extracurricular resource.(3) for teachers:change some habits in teaching, express subjective initiative and use textbooks creatively, fully realize the multi value of senior high schools education.(4) for new curriculum training department:enhance main body pertinence and content pertinence. In addition, major of mathematics education in normal university should do some reformation to meet the need of senior high schools’education.There are some originalities in the research:(1) on content:new investigation of senior high schools’mathematics books on national level. The task of the investigation is a new work.(2) on methods:we used mathematical tools and statistical method to do some analysis and estimate mathematics textbooks, joining qualitative study and quantitative study which could enhance persuasion and reliability of research.There are some shortages in this research:(1) Popularization of conclusion is limited, because the development of people’s cognition, teachers and students’cognition to textbooks are changing, and so the conclusion could be limited if it spreads.(2) The sample of research is limit. There are difficulties in investigation, because of the knowledge and ability shortage. There is no further and deeper analysis and modeling of the collected data.更多还原