【作者】 张侃侃；

【导师】 王兴中；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 人文地理学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 随着(后)工业化社会阶段的来临,人们对城市社会-生活空间质量有了新的(社会空间)人本需求。因而,对城市社会空间及其结构,即对城市社区体系空间结构的研究成为人文地理学社会-文化转向以来学术研究的前沿方向。伴随着改革开放的深入和市场经济体制的确立,中国正经历着在全球化背景下从传统农业社会向现代工业社会、后工业化社会转型。在社会结构的转型中,最突出的就是“单位制社会”向“社区制社会”的转变,这一转变表示城市人本化的社区体系正在形成。该体系的空间结构完整,表示城市中各阶层都有可获性的居住生活空间；其结构缺失,表示某些阶层的居住空间被剥夺。有鉴于此,研究城市不同发展阶段的社区体系的形成机制、空间结构及其可获性水平,在现实背景下有很强的应用价值。本文从人本主义思想与方法论出发,从城市空间研究多学科的角度解构城市社会-生活空间质量观的理念、原理与方法,依据该学术观点,首次系统地探讨城市社区体系空间结构的可获性原理,在此基础上首次提出社区体系空间结构可获性评价方法,并从城市资源可获性和社会空间可进入性等角度研究社区体系结构可获性的控制和提升。论文对太原市一个完整的行政单元,即坞城街道办事处辖区进行案例研究。论文内容首先是对基于城市社会-生活空间质量观的社区体系的归纳性研究。主要对城市社会-生活空间质量观及城市社区体系规划的研究背景、前沿问题、学术方向等方面进行了探讨,认为城市社区体系规划必须结合生活物质-社会环境的适居性和宏观-文化生态环境水平的舒适性进行营造,只有把握好城市社区体系供给和空间结构需求的实现环节,才可以真正实现居住空间的适居性和舒适性的共同满足,提高生活空间质量。其次,基于对城市社区体系现状的认识,对城市社会区域划分原理与方法进行了梳理和总结。主要结论是：(1)由于城市社区体系是以居住行为空间为基础的,对城市社会区域进行划分必然以人本主义方法论的行为方法来进行；(2)由于居住行为为主的生活方式的分化,城市阶层分化与对应的邻里区构成互动关系,邻里区过滤与社区体系分异互动是其互动规律,其动态水平决定了城市社会空间的结构与演化规律；(3)在城市社区过滤的文化生态分异过程中,城市社区的区位效应性导致阶层的区位竞争。在这种效应导向的社区过滤空间过程中,往往低下阶层原有社区被剥夺,形成不公正的“阶层(居舍)剥夺”的重构规律。第三,系统地对城市社区体系空间结构可获性的理论与评价原理进行研究,是论文的核心部分。目前此方面相关的研究成果甚少,尚未形成完整的理论体系。本论文基于城市社会-生活空间质量观的空间公正理念,从空间机会剥夺的原理出发,系统地构建了城市社区体系空间结构可获性的评价原理、理念及其评价方法。在实证研究中,选取太原市小店区坞城街道办事处为案例区,以行为调查入手,构建了居舍类型剥夺可获性指数评价指标体系,创立了城市社区体系形成机制下社区体系空间结构可获性的居舍类型剥夺评价体系。最后,针对案例区社区体系空间结构可获性水平的现状,在界定城市资源内涵的基础上,从城市社区体系空间结构建构与城市资源供给耦合的角度,提出重构与调整社区体系空间结构应采取的三条控制路径——“区域路”结构下的商娱场所引力中心控制、社区体系下的交通空间体系资源分区覆盖结构控制和城市资源供给技术控制,以提升城市社区体系空间结构的可获性水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the advent of the post-industrial society, new social-space humanistic demand of urban social-life quality come into being. Thus, the study of urban social-space become the forefront of society-cultural academic research. Along with the deepening of the policy of reform and opening up and the establishment of market economic system, China is experiencing a transition in the context of globalization from a traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society.During the transformation of social structures and systems, the most prominent performance is the DANWEI-based society to the community-based society. The urban people-oriented community spatial system is being formed. If the spatial structure of the community system is complete, every class have their available living space; while if the structure is incomplete, it means certain stratum’living space is deprived. For this reason, research on the formation mechanism, structure and spatial deprivation of urban community system, is practical in reality.This paper deconstructs urban social-life spatial quality concept, principle and method from multidisciplinary perspective, especially from the humanism ideology and methodology. Based on the academic viewpoint mentioned above, this paper systematically proposes the availability principle of urban community system spatial structure for the first time. On this basis, the evaluation methods of the community system spatial structure deprivation is proposed, and research the controlling operations of community system spatial structure availability from adjusting urban resource allocation and enhancing social spatial accessibility. Take a complete administrative unit:Wucheng sub-district office for case study.The first part is community system inductive analysis of community system based on the urban social-life space quality concept, including the background, the forefront and academic dynamics analysis of the urban social-life space quality concept and urban community system planning research. The conclusion is planning of community system must involve the livability of life physical-social environment and comfort of cultural-ecological environment, and ensures a smooth flow of urban community system supply and community spatial structure demand to meet the needs of livability and comfort and finally upgrade the urban life-space quality.Secondly, Ⅰ summarize the principles and methods of urban social region classification based on the awareness of the urban community system research status. The main conclusions are:(1) The partition method of urban social region must follows the humanism methodology, because of the basis of urban community system formation is the residential behavior space.(2) Class stratification interacts with the corresponding neighborhoods. The interaction of neighborhoods filtering and the community system differentiation finally determine the evolution of the urban social space structure.(3) In the cultural ecological differentiation process of urban community filtering, the effect of urban communities has led to a class competitive. In the effect-oriented community filtration, the lower classes often are deprived of original community, and the formation of the unfair reconstruction model of "housing deprivation" established.The third part is the core of this paper, which is the research of the related theories and principles of the evaluation of the urban community system spatial structure availability. By now, a complete theoretical system has not formed with the absence of written version of relevant studies. This paper refers to the spatial justice of urban social-life space quality concept, constructing the evaluation method of urban community system housing-type spatial structure availability. Take Taiyuan City for case study and select Wucheng sub-district office to do interviews and questionnaires by constructing the evaluation system of housing type deprivation.At last, in view of present situation in the study area of community system housing types’spatial structure privation, urban resources connotation is defined. Coupling of urban community system spatial structure construction and urban resource supply allocation, three reconstitution and adjust solvents are put forward to enhance the availability level of urban community system spatial structure. They are:entertainment gravity centre control of "regional road"; traffic, water, gas and electricity partition cover structure control of community system, and city resources supply technical control.更多还原