【作者】 张季平；

【导师】 李笑春；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古大学 ， 马克思主义基本原理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 20世纪是人类社会发展中一个重要的时代,这种重要性不仅体现在经济的高速发展,也体现在科学技术的快速进步。然而经济和科技的进步在给人们带来舒适、方便、快捷生活的同时,也带来了关系到人类生存的生态问题。西方理论界对于生态的研究趋于成熟,中国目前进行的现代化建设,尽管给人们的生活带来巨大的成果,但也无法回避环境恶化的问题。中国的学者们在进行国内生态思考时,应该吸收西方环境思想的合理成分,本文以此为目的研究20世纪90年代以来的生态社会主义思想,具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。本文采用了文本解读、过程研究和比较研究相结合的方式,对20世纪90年代以来的生态社会主义资料首次进行了整理、比较和分析。首先,整体把握生态社会主义思潮的产生背景和发展过程,其中对20世纪90年代以来的人物和表象特征做了详细介绍和总结,人物主要以佩珀、奥康纳、福斯特、萨卡等学者为主,表象特征包括五个方面：反思苏联的生态教训；提出生态帝国主义新理论；提出更成熟务实的理论；对马克思思想的重新认识；坚持现代人类中心主义立场。其次,在哲学认知层面上,20世纪90年代的生态社会主义思潮经历了从生态中心主义向现代人类中心主义的转化,其关键问题在于寻找生态危机的价值根源：是什么导致了人与自然关系的断裂?现代人类中心主义在不断反思中得以重新构建自己的体系,开始关注人与自然的可持续发展,力证人在维护生态环境方面的重要性和不可替代性。再次,在对生态危机的根源认知和批判角度层面上,20世纪90年代的生态社会主义思潮有了更深刻地解读,一方面,反对把科学技术和现代化作为生态危机的根源,强调并论证了资本主义生产方式才是生态危机的根源；另一方面,强调社会的发展应该是以个人的自由发展和非定量的社会文化发展为准则,从而走向一个物质上节俭、生态上持续、精神上自由的社会。最后,在社会变革层面,生态社会主义对于解决生态危机的方案大体有激进和改良两种,20世纪90年代以来的生态社会主义者倾向于对生态运动进行马克思主义改造,寻找一种可行性更强的“双赢”方案：“红绿联盟”。总的来说,20世纪90年代以来的生态社会主义思想存在着一定的合理成分,在论文最后对其进行了客观的评价,并探讨了生态社会主义思潮对于建设有中国特色社会主义的启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 The20th century is the most important period of human society development, and the importance does not only reflect on the high speed of economic development, but also reflects on the rapid progress of science and technology. However, it also brings the serious ecological problems, which relates with human survival. The relevant environmental thinking has matured. Although China has made tremendous achievement during the modernization development by taking the way of leaps and bounds, we also can not bypass the environment disturbance. China is more than ever urgent to appeal ecological civilization. So drawing on eco-socialism with reasonable content for our own use is necessary, while carrying out our own theory building.The thesis uses combination way of the text interpretation, process and comparative as its studying method. It reorganizes compares and analyses the data of the eco-socialism since90’s of20th century for the first time.Firstly, grasp eco-socialism’s background and development process, introduction and summarizes main scholar and character since90’s of20th century.Second, the perception of philosophy on eco-socialism since90’s of20th century reflects the transformation process from non-anthropocentrism anthropocentrism. The core problem is to find the underlying causes of environmental crisis. Modern human-centrism established during the continual process of reflection, and started to pay attention to the interest of people as a whole, as well as strive to prove the irreplaceable role of human as the main dynamic subject during the maintenance of ecosystem health.Third, the perception of ecological crisis, eco-socialism since90’s of20th century have more deep understand, on the one hand, it expose the political system is similarly the counter-ecology, on the other hand, it develop the circular economy model with genuine genuine sense, which enhance the part of resource recycling and reuse through science and technology.Finally, the solutions of environmental issues that eco-socialism can be divided by the differences between radicalism and reformism.In general, eco-socialism since90’s of20th century have lots of rational element. The author evaluate eco-socialism objective in the final chapter. The author is attention to eco-socialism enlightenment of constructing the Chinese characteristic socialism ecology civilization.更多还原