【作者】 梁惠清；

【导师】 王征兵；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 农业与农村社会发展， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 改革开放后，农民企业家作为一个群体产生，在市场环境中不断成长、发展、壮大。农民企业家数量不断攀升，资源占用量越来越多，经济实力越来越强。另一方面，在这段时间里，作为国民经济发展的基本单元，我国县域经济也快速发展，工业化、城市化不断推进，市场化不断完善，县域经济的在国民经济中的地位不断加强。进入新世纪后，县域经济发展进入一个新的阶段。现阶段正值我国加快推进社会主义现代化建设、全面建设小康社会、建设社会主义新农村的历史时期，农民企业家方兴未艾，县域经济发展如火如荼，二者互为主客体，共同服务于农业、农村、农民。农民企业家参与市场资源配置，整合县域资源，组织生产，发展县域经济，同时，县域经济发展也为农民企业家成长提供良好的环境，促进农民企业家成长，二者相辅相成，互为因果，协调发展，统一于建设有中国特色社会主义这一历史性的阶段，统一于现阶段科学发展的实践当中。农民企业家作为推动县域经济发展的重要因素，不断与县域经济的发展形成良性互动的局面。因此，研究农民企业家成长与县域经济发展的关系，探索二者相互促进的规律性，对促进我国农民企业家成长和县域经济发展、推进社会主义现代化的进程、推进县域社会变迁，有着重要的理论意义和现实意义。文章首先分析我国县域经济发展和农民企业家成长的阶段性和特点，指出农民企业家成长与县域经济发展阶段的历史性统一；进而以广东省为例，计量分析农民企业家成长与县域经济发展的相互关系模型，实证检验二者相互促进的关系；然后从理论上深入解析二者相互促进关系的机理，并着重从市场机制和市场参与要素两个层面分析农民企业家成长对县域经济发展的促进，阐明农民企业家参与农村市场资源配置以及农民企业家投资对农村资本结构的优化、农民企业家经营活动对县域经济发展成本的调节、农民企业家能力成长对县域经济发展的促进机理；在此基础上，分析制约二者相互促进的结构性矛盾与体制性问题；最后提出对策。本文得出的基本结论如下：（1）我国农民企业家成长与县域经济发展遵循各自的路径，有各自的规律性，二者统一于社会主义初级阶段科学发展的实践当中，农民企业家成长与县域经济发展的历史性统一表现在为代的统一、地域的统一、主客体的统一和发展哲学基础的统一。（2）农民企业家成长和县域经济发展存在着正向的相互促进关系。一方面，农民企业家成长主要通过参与农村市场资源配置、通过影响县域资本和劳动力等生产要素影响县域经济发展，另一方面，县域经济发展则为农民企业家成长提供一个良好的政治、经济、社会和技术环境。（3）农民企业家通过影响农村市场的价格、供求、竞争参与农村市场资源配置，其作用主要表现在对资源的聚集和平衡以及对资源配置效率的实现上。农民企业家对资源的聚集和平衡作用主要包括对农村资源的聚集作用、对城乡经济的平衡作用、对农村经济发展的投资乘数杠杆效应等三个方面；农民企业家主要通过促进生产要素的边际替代、降低交易费用、增进公共福利来提高资源配置的效率。研究发现，农民企业家投资基本等于储蓄；整个农村的投资与储蓄基本也是趋于平衡的；农民企业家通过对县域资本供求缺口的填补、对县域经济资本的深化、对政府投资挤出的克服等方式优化县域资本结构。农民企业家的参与可以节省县域经济发展成本，案例中农民企业家参与片区开发，每亩开发成本可以节省约18万元。农民企业家能力成长有利于县域经济发展跨越式推进。（4）制约现阶段我国农民企业家成长和县域经济发展相互促进的结构性矛盾主要包括要素结构、市场结构、产业结构、社会结构的矛盾；制约现阶段我国农民企业家成长和县域经济发展相互促进的体制性问题主要有经济体制、政治体制、文化体制、管理体制等方面的问题。必须优化外生环境，促进农民企业家成长；增强内生动力，促进县域经济发展；完善制度，破解结构性矛盾，深化改革，解决体制性问题，促进农民企业家与县域经济良性互动发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the initiation of the reform and opening up in China, the peasant entrepreneur, as agroup, begins to grow, develop and prosper with the market economy. The peasantentrepreneurs are increasingly growing in number, taking up more and more sources, andtheir economic strength is soaring up. On the other hand, during this period, as the basic unitof the national economic development, the county economy in China economy has alsoexperienced rapid development, continuously pushing forward the industrialization,urbanization and marketization. The county economy has been strengthening the position inthe national economy. After entering the new millennium, the county economic developmentis going to a new stage when the state is accelerating the process of socialist modernization,building a moderately prosperous society, and expediting building the new socialistcountryside. The peasant entrepreneur is in the ascendant and the county economicdevelopment in full swing. Being subject and object of each other, the peasant entrepreneurs’growth and the county economy development make the common contribution to theagriculture, the countryside and the farmers. Peasant entrepreneurs participate in the marketallocation of resources, integrate the county resources, organize production and thus promotethe development of county economy, the other way round, the county’s economicdevelopment also have a positive influence on the growth of peasant entrepreneur. The twoprocesses complement each other, reinforce each other in the coordinated development, andget united in the historic stage of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and in thepractice of scientific development at this stage. Peasant entrepreneurs, as an important factorin promoting the development of county economy, are making outstanding contributions tothe county’s economy in the course of growth and development, and begin and continue toform situation of benign interaction with the county economic development. Therefore, tostudy the relationship between peasant entrepreneurs’ growth with the county economicdevelopment, to explore the peasant entrepreneurs’ promotion to the county economicdevelopment, will prove to be important theoretical and practical significance to promote thegrowth of China’s peasant entrepreneurs and county economic development, promote the process of socialist modernization, and promoting the county social changes.The study first analyzes the stages and features of county economic development andgrowth of peasant entrepreneurs, thus come to a conclusion of historical integration ofpeasant entrepreneurs’ growth and the county economic development; and then empiricallyexamine the relationship of mutual promotion and interaction between the growth of peasantentrepreneurs and development of county economy from a macro perspective with theinvestigated panel data from counties of Guangdong province, so that come up with themodel of interaction relationship; thirdly, theoretically analyze the mechanism of mutualpromotion and interaction behind from a micro perspective, and elucidate the core of themechanism, by focusing on the promoting mechanism of peasant entrepreneurs to the growthof the county economic development from the market mechanism and market participationfactors. The interaction kernel principle is stated through the peasant entrepreneurs’allocation of resources of in rural market, the optimization of capital structure in rural areasby peasant entrepreneurs’ investment, the adjustment of the county economic developmentcosts through peasant entrepreneurs’ business activities, and the promotion of peasantentrepreneurs’ ability and capacity on the county economic development; based on the abovejob, analyze the structural contradictions and institutional obstacles between the twointerrelated subjects, and finally propose a solution and draw a conclusion.Basic conclusions of this study are as follows:(1) The peasant entrepreneurs’ growth and the county economic development in Chinafollow their own path, and conform to their own law respectively. The two are united in thepractice of scientific development of the primary stage of socialism. The historic reunificationof peasant entrepreneurs’ growth with county economic development in contemporary Chinais demonstrated in the unity of the historic era, of the geographical space, of the subject andobject, and of philosophical foundation.(2) There is a positive mutual promotion relationship between the farmer entrepreneurs’growth and the county economic development. On the one hand, the growth of peasantentrepreneurs promote the county economic development, mainly through participating in therural market resource allocation, and exerting influence on the county capital and labor andother production factors. On the other hand, the county’s economic development alsoprovides an appropriate political, economic, social and technological environment for thegrowth of peasant entrepreneurs.(3) Being an important market player, peasant entrepreneurs participate in resourcesallocation of the rural market, where they influence the price, demand and supply, andcompetition of the market in rural areas，which is profoundly illustrated by--as we defined as-Resources Centralization and Levering Function, including regulation of rural economyand promotion of resources allocation efficiency. The role of regulation has functions asresources centralization, the urban and rural economic balancing, and investment multiplierlever promotion, etc.. Meanwhile, the peasant entrepreneur promotes the marginalsubstitution of requisites of production appropriately, helps cut down the transaction costeffectively, and further public welfare greatly, so that attain efficiency of resource allocation.In general, the amount of investment of the peasant entrepreneur equals to his savings, whichserves as a law in venture investment behavior of peasant entrepreneur and lead to theequilibrium of the investment and savings of the entire county residents; peasantentrepreneurs help to optimize the structure of the county capital by filling the capital demandand supply gap in the county, deepening the county economic capital, and overcoming theextrusion of county government investment, etc.. Peasant entrepreneurs’ participation cansave the cost of county economic development; in the study case of the Area Development,1.8million Yuan per mu of development cost can be saved if peasant entrepreneurs got fullyinvolved. The growth of peasant entrepreneurship is conducive to the leapfrog advance of thecounty economy.(4) Factors influence the growth of peasant entrepreneurs and the development of countyeconomy and their mutually interaction relationship include contradictions of elementsstructure,, market structure, operation structure, industrial structure,, and social structure, andproblems of noncoordination from political system, economic system, cultural system,management system,etc.. Measures must be taken to optimize the exogenous environment topromote the growth of peasant entrepreneurs, and to enhance endogenous motivation topromote the development of county economy. At the same time, we should improve thesystem to resolve the structural contradictions, and deepen the reform to solve theinstitutional problems, so that promote benign interaction between the development ofpeasant entrepreneurs and county economy.更多还原