欲望际

【作者】 王保中；

【导师】 屈雅君；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 精神分析与女性主义作为中国和世界文学理论的重要组成部分,其对文学理论的新世纪发展具有不可或缺的作用。精神分析的进一步发展,将促进女性主义的深入；女性主义的复兴,将推动精神分析的提升。一、本项研究的目的和重要性本文研究的两个基本目的。将精神分析和女性主义作为一个既区别又融合的领域,梳理相关论者欲望及其相关论题的关联和区分,建构远古自然母亲欲望谱系,把握精神分析和女性主义的深入发展路向。在文学理论发展的层面,由中国返回西方,以欲望际及其相关问题的深入为中西文论的交流和对话提供一种平台和探索。欲望际及其相关问题研究的两个重要性。面对第三次女运具体化研究风潮的涌现,国内相关欲望理论研究,引入、传输、例证多于深入创新,精神分析与女性主义的欲望研究日益陷入两元对立和重复的困境,欲望际及其相关问题的深入研究将为精神分析和女性主义的深入提供新的理论支点,也将改变精神分析与女性主义被市场社会扭曲和学界忽视的局面。在球域经济妄想狂般发展场域之下,所有的地球公民,尤其女人被卷入严重的精神内耗和困境,暴力、自杀等层出不穷,欲望际问题的澄清和深入,将可能带来窥探和纠正。二、研究过程及其完成的工作本文论域重点关注弗洛伊德、拉康、克里斯蒂瓦、伊利格瑞等欲望论及其周围论题,其他相关学者只做关联研究。德国学派和法国学派纠结只在关涉处给予简要论述。本文主要围绕极度欲望、自由、时间、期间、知识自性论等维度深入阐述欲望际框架之下精神分析与女性主义之间的关联、区分和发展。本文用统计的方法梳理已有相关研究的特点。在研读弗洛伊德、拉康、克里斯蒂瓦、伊利格瑞等重要论者资料的基础之上(主要采用英文资料,其次是中文资料、间杂部分法文、德文资料),采用比较分析的方法(不是单纯的黑格尔意义之上的异同比较,而是在“与”的基础之上进行建构性比较),在梳理欲望、自由、时间、知识论等思想史的基础之上,借助这些视角对相关论著的欲望相关问题进行多维度论述。并主要采用和其他文献比较的方法印证欲望际相关论题。文中涉及外文资料由论者翻译。三、研究获得的主要结论1.打破两元对立就是打破精神分析与女性主义的重复和两元对立的理论困境。2.欲望问题是精神分析和女性主义的核心问题,家庭父亲欲望(弗洛伊德)、象征父亲欲望(拉康)、返回母亲欲望(克里斯蒂瓦)、女儿子宫界欲望(伊利格瑞)、远古自然母亲欲望(欲望际)等欲望理论之间的差异主要在于欲望问题的差异,即,欲望的动力、类型、性质等的不同。3.极度欲望是欲望问题的核心,极度欲望的变化将造成精神分析与女性主义诸多周围问题的改变。欲望际极度欲望是独特的欲望类型。4.自由史主要是母亲谱系欲望被压抑的历史。自尼采之后,弗洛伊德、克里斯蒂瓦、伊利格瑞、欲望际的欲望自由是自由哲学史上被忽视的高峰。5.精神分析是时间的艺术。在时间哲学史上,不同的学者的时间论造成不同的时间危机及其拯救路向。面对家庭父亲和象征父亲的时间计划和扭曲,返回母亲、子宫界女儿、欲望际等,在语言时间、心理时间、身体时间等层次,展开了不同的救赎路向。在叠合意义之上,西方时间哲学史始终交织父亲时间和母亲时间的防御、抵抗和反向、变换等。6.面对家庭父亲和象征父亲的历史终结、重复等论调,母亲欲望谱系的时间以不同的路向(否定的否定、断裂、变化等)被重新开始,并且没有放弃期间、瞬间等时间哲学领域。7.家庭父亲和象征父亲与女性主义的纷争的核心,不仅是存在的,也是知识的。知识自性论的提出将为中国女性主义文论提供身份的参照。四、研究的创新性1.面对国际精神分析与女性主义的具体化研究浪潮及其止步不前的困境,重回理论理性,研究欲望及其周围问题。2.在统计、比较分析论证的基础之上,首次提出和建构了欲望际欲望理论。在欲望类型、动力、性质等方面,其和家庭父亲、象征父亲、返回母亲、断裂子宫界女儿欲望类型区别开来。其摆脱了父亲欲望谱系的两元对立的费希特式陷阱。为母亲欲望、文本、语言、符号等分析提供了新的支点。3.图绘了精神分析与女性主义的欲望自由的哲学地图,论证了返回母亲、远古自然母亲欲望自由在自由哲学史上的地位。4.相对空间欲望论的风行,图绘精神分析与女性主义的时间欲望论的地形,并在时间哲学与危机拯救、历史、期间、瞬间等层次展开。5.首次提出并建构了知识自性论。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a crucial structure of the literature theory of east and west,It is indispensability which Psychoanalysis and feminism would make a crux role for the development of new century one. The more far-reaching psychoanalysis would inaugurate, the more immense psychoanalysis may obtain, and vice versa.I.The objectives and the significanceTwo main objectives would be focused on basically. Firstly, psychoanalysis and feminism are seemed as fields differentiating and conciliating with each other, and to scrutinize and order the conjunctive and divisional relations of desiring and it’s referring aspects, which as knowledge and presence and genealogy, etc, to construct the desiring genealogy of mother virgin and cosmic and natural, to hold up the deeper development of psychoanalysis and feminism.Secondly, by the plural-desiring and it’s associating parts as a returnee, the deeper and embedding investigating would make a horizon and exploring for the intercourse and interlocution of literature theory between domestic and oversea.There are mainly two aspects for the significance of the plural-desiring and its relative theses. In the one hand, the polarity of the concreting investigation of third feminism crusade which be visualized and expanded, the transimitable and importable and illustrative work of desiring theory which have been and be fulfilled by many scholars is better than innovating one at home, the disquisition of desiring which root in psychoanalysis and feminism be captured increasingly by the traps as binary division and repeating boundlessly of the Father, all those questions would be faced and weighted and corrected by the deeper research of the plural-desiring and it’s around question. And which would supply the new theorizing fulcrum for the development of psychoanalysis and feminism and remodel the complexion of psychoanalysis and feminism which have been and be neglected and twisted by the scholastic realm and the economic society. In the another hand, in the atmosphere of expanding fleetly as a paranoia of telluric economy, all earth’s burghers, especial women who are engulfed in both exhausting of indwelling spirit and mental morass. violence, self-slaughter, etc, which have been and be ignited unrelentingly and boundlessly. the plural-desiring question which be clarified and deepened may procreate profound peering and vigorous redressing.II.The targets and the processThe desiring theory and it’s surrounding theses,which associate Freud, Lacan, Keristeva, Irigarary, etc, would be thought weightily over, the relative discussion of other Scholars would only be made affiliating one.Only be the enwinding question of learning of German and France may discussed briefly and vital in time.The relative and distinct and outspread theses between Psychoanalysis and feminism which are clarified and unfolded deeply, which are based on the extreme-desiring,freedom,time,acknowledge-selfhood, and so on.Those subjects should be unfolded under the field of plural-desiring.Firstly, the known literature would be analyzed and ordered statistically. On the foundation of the datum of important related scholars who are Freud, Lacan, Keristiva, Irigaray, English literature is firstly adopted, secondly Chinese one, and is mixed with French and German one, which are read close and investigated crucial, those relative points of the desiring theses and its circumambient conceptions would be parsed plural,by the comparative method which not merely Hegel’s similarities and differences one but constructive comparative one which be based on the principle mutual sustaining, which be founded on the thought history of the desiring,freedom,time,acknowledgement, and the desiring-plural thesis would be compared and analyzed maidenly and carefully. All literature of foreign language in this text is translated by the author in Chinese.Ⅲ. The basic conclusions1. To break dichotomy up is naturally which the theory jam of repeats and binary division between psychoanalysis and feminism which be surmounted.2. The desiring question is a crux of psychoanalysis and feminism. The difference among familial father’s desiring genealogy (Freud) and symbolizing father’s one (Lacan) and rebounding mother’s one (Keristiva) and daughter-uterus one (Irigaray) lies mainly in the difference of desiring question, which contains the impetus, genre, quality, etc.3. The extreme desiring is hubs of desiring matters, which any transformation may radical bring about many changes of surrounding questions which come from the realm of psychoanalysis and feminism. The extreme desiring of plural-desiring is naturally special one.4. The history of liberty thought is basically the oppressing one of the mother’s desiring genealogy.After Nietzsche, the liberalisms which come from Freud,Lacan, Keristiva, Irigaray, which are learning pinnacles in the history of liberty thought which be unheeded vulgarly5. Psychoanalysis is basically a technique of time analyzing. In the history of time philosophy, different percipience of scholars inevitably results in various crises and rescuing ways. Designs and distortions which root in the realm of familial father and symbolizing father must are envisaged immediate and affectively, the rebounding mother, daughter-uterus realm, plural-desiring which are outright inaugurating and exploring and unfolding many ways of breaching and redemption. In the sense of superposition, the history of the west philosophy of time which has been and be interweaved with the Father’s time and mother’s one, which concern about defending, fighting back, reversing, transforming,etc.6.To confront familial and symbolizing Father’s views which run on the end and repeating and imposing of history, those bad time would are activated and revived over again,as well as course and twinkling,by different ways which include negation of negation, rupturing, changing, etc.7. The disputing kernel between familial or/and emblematizing father and feminism mother which is not only ontological matter but also knowledge one. The knowledge-selfhood would is maidenly put forward and established which should contribute constructions and judgments of identity to the literature theory of China feminism.Ⅳ. The inventions in investigation1.To envisage and correct the reification deflection and inactive deadlock which has been and would be gestated and distended inescapably by the international psychoanalysis and feminism, to return to the pure realm of desiring theory, and to canvass and lucubrate deeply the desiring kernel and ambient questions which lie in the foundation of the close-reading of literature.2. The desiring theory of plural-desiring which be brought forward and constructed maidenly, by the analyzing and demonstrating method which are statistical and comparative. As to the aspects of type and power and quality and etc, the typological difference between plural-desiring and familial father, symbolizing father, rebounding mother, daughter-uterus realm, as well as conjunction, which have been pictured exploringly, The plural-desiring which shake off traps of binary division as Fichte’s manner which fostered by the Father family tree, and so, a new pivot of analyzing which would be come forth for the desiring, text, language, sign, etc.3. To scheme the landform of desiring-liberty philosophy which be come into being by psychoanalysis and feminism.the desiring-liberty of rebounding mother and returning genesis-natural mother which would be newly illustrated and evaluated in the history of liberty-philosophy.4. To face the pop tide of space-desiring theory, the terrain of the time-desiring theory of psychoanalysis and feminism which be presented and constructed modestly and correctively, and which is deployed from the time philosophy to the rescuing crisis, history, period, twinkling, etc.5. The theory of knowledge-selfhood which is lodged maidenly and set partly up.更多还原