【作者】 吴峰；

【导师】 吴应辉；

【作者基本信息】 中央民族大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 目前,泰国的汉语教材在数量和质量上都不能满足国内日益增长的汉语学习的需要。泰国政府虽已意识到教材问题的重要性,但由于前期基础性研究不足和相关理论研究的匮乏,使得有关教材建设方面的顶层设计难以落实于细节,无法发挥其效力。本文以泰国人自编、中泰合编和中国人编写的共十七套泰国汉语教材为研究对象,将其建成泰国汉语教材语料库作为研究平台,运用文献研究法、“语料库语言学"研究方法以及定量和定性研究相结合的混合研究法,对泰国汉语教材的课文和语言要素进行综合统计与分析,可为泰国汉语教材的本土化建设提供相关数据和理论的支撑。通过语料难度的定量分析得出绝大多数教材属于初级教材,而具有本土特色的话题主要集中于日常生活类的课文当中,各套教材多采用对话型课文形式。按照《汉语国际教育用音节汉字词汇等级划分》和《汉语水平等级标准与语法等级大纲》的划分标准,用Access进行统计和筛分得出全部教材各等级音节、汉字和词汇均以普及化等级为主,中级次之,高级最少,而语法项目也以初等水平为主,多数教材没有用泰语解释相关的语法项目或语言点,缺少汉泰语言对比,各语言要素中的超等级部分过多,在相关标准中的覆盖率过低以及数量比例不合理的情况都是现有泰国汉语教材科学性不足的体现。在上述研究的基础上,本文结合泰国政府出台的相关政策来分析,发现泰国汉语教材建设中存在着“幼童”现象,其呈现出的整体成熟度不足,对外依赖性过强,自主研发能力较弱和未来本土可持续发展迹象不明的主要特点是影响泰国汉语教材本土化进程的重要因素,并据此提出了泰国汉语教材本土视角论。所谓泰国汉语教材本土视角论是泰国汉语教材研发中的一种理念,以满足泰国汉语学习者的需求和体现泰国文明为目标,在教材的前期思想准备、团队构成、编写与评估理论以及语言资料等环节重视本土元素,形成具有泰国本土特色的教材研发系列组合。因此,国别汉语教材的编写要立足“汉语"而注重本土视角,泰国汉语教材在体现汉语的主要特征的同时必须要有鲜明的本土元素。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, Chinese textbooks used in Thailand cannot suffice the need of Chinese teaching and learning in either quantity or quality. Although the government of Thailand has already realized the importance of material resources to language teaching, the top design of material development is in predicament in accomplishing the details and enforcing its power owing to the inadequacy of basic research in prophase and some relevant theoretical studies.This study is kicked off on the basis of the Chinese textbooks’ corpus which is constructed out of seventeen sets of Chinese textbooks for Thailand’s use compiled fully by Thais, by Chinese and Thais in joint efforts, or exclusively by Chinese. The research methods vary from documentary study, corpus linguistic approaches, to a combination of qualitative and quantitative examinations, and statistical analysis of the Chinese textbooks and their language elements. Hopefully, the data and theories adopted from the study can prop up more solidly Thai domestic development of Chinese textbooks.Through quantitative analysis of the corpora, it is found that a majority of the textbooks are at preliminary level, and those themes with local cultural traits fall into texts regarding everyday life, and that most textbooks are in the form of dialogues.In accordance with the standards stipulated in The Graded Chinese Syllables, Characters and Words for the Application of Teaching Chinese to the Speakers of Other Languages and The Syllabus for Graded Standards of Chinese Language and Grammatical Levels, a study has been made on an analysis of Access statistics which comes to a conclusion that the syllables, Chinese characters and words in the selected textbooks are prominently at popular level, with those at mediate level and senior level to follow. As to grammar, the items are most grounded on preliminary level as well. Most of the textbooks do not provide Thai elaborations for grammar parts or language points, with few comparisons between Thai land Chinese, but more elements out of extra-level categories. Moreover, the low rate of standard’s coverage and unreasonable quantitative proportion expose the scientific insufficiency of Thailand’s Chinese textbook.Grounded on the above studies and analysis of some relevant policies issued by the Thai government, the author indicates that the development of Thailand’s Chinese textbooks manifests its quality of Infancy. That is, the textbook’s development is immature as a whole, with too much reliance on external force, shortage of internal research and development, and unclear prospect for domestic sustainable development. These factors have drawn back the textbook’s localization in the country. Considering the situation, the author puts forward an "outlook of domestic perspective on Thailand’s Chinese textbooks’development" which serves as a concept to push the research and development of the Chinese textbooks, so as to meet the need of Chinese learners in Thailand and demonstrate Thai culture; which also demands for ideological preparation at initial stage, constitution of compilers’ team, theories on compilation and evaluation, and stress on local elements in language materials. By these ways, local characteristics of Thailand textbook development may achieve a fine marriage. In conclusion, the Chinese textbook’s compilation with national distinctive is expected to be centralized on "Chinese", and equipped with localized perspectives. While the Chinese textbooks are produced to display features of Chinese, they shall be carriers of the unique essence of the local culture.更多还原