【作者】 郑火国；

【导师】 孟宪学；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业科学院 ， 农业信息管理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 食品自生产至消费经历了一系列的环节，涉及到的质量安全危害众多，任何一个环节或要素出现问题，都有可能导致食品安全事件的发生。参照食品安全管理体系，将食品链全过程的信息链接起来进行监控，被认为是实现食品从农田到餐桌全程质量安全管理的一种可行方案。而食品安全可追溯系统是食品安全可追溯体系的具体实现，对实现食品安全管理具有重要意义。本文以食品为研究对象，以食品链为切入点，依据信息论、系统论及控制论等原理，采用信息管理学、信息经济学、食品安全管理，以及可靠性分析等理论、方法和技术，对食品安全危害、食品安全要素进行分析，开展食品安全信息传递研究，构建食品安全信息追溯链，并对可追溯链进行可靠性分析，探讨了食品安全可追溯系统的功能及构建方法。研究取得的主要成果如下：（1）对国内外食品安全可追溯体系进行了比较研究。从食品安全监管机构及职责、食品安全法律法规、食品安全可追溯系统实施等方面，对国外主要发达国家食品安全可追溯体系进行分析对比，并针对我国食品安全追溯体系现状，总结出国外食品安全可追溯体系对我国的启示。（2）对食品危害及食品质量安全要素进行了全面分析。从生物性、化学性和物理性三个方面，对食品生产、加工、储运、消费等环节存在的危害及质量安全要素进行系统分析，分析的结果为食品生产过程控制、食品安全可追溯要素提取奠定了基础。（3）对食品安全信息传递的制约因素进行分析。分别从生产环节、加工环节、流通环节和消费环节对阻碍食品安全信息传递的因素进行分析，列举了因传递不畅导致的食品安全信息不对称在五个方面的具体呈现，并分析了信息不对称对食品安全造成的影响。（4）构建了食品安全追溯链模型。在对食品链分析的基础上，研究建立了食品安全追溯链层次模型，并对食品安全追溯链的粒度、完整性、关键标识进行分析。采用事故树方法对食品安全可追溯链进行可靠性分析。研究建立了食品安全追溯链事故树，提出了食品安全追溯链事故树结构函数，采用定性分析的方法，求取故障树最小割集；采用定量分析方法，计算食品安全追溯链故障树发生的概率；对食品安全追溯链基本事件的重要度从结构重要度、概率重要度和关键重要度三个方面进行定量分析。（5）提出了食品安全可追溯系统的逻辑模型，并对其功能、目标、实施对象进行分析。设计出食品安全可追溯系统的总体架构、多平台溯源结构。分析了以组织为核心的食品安全可追溯系统的实施关键步骤，以脐橙质量安全可追溯系统为例，阐述了基于食品链视角的可追溯系统建立过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are a series of links and a lot of related hazards from food from production to consumption.Any elements of the hazards are likely to lead to serious food safety incident. According to food safetymanagement system, link and monitor the whole process information of food chain from production toconsumption is considered a viable program to achieve food "from farm to table" quality and safetymanagement. Food safety traceability system, which makes the core idea of food safety managementcome true, has an important significance to the achievement of food safety management.In this paper, food is chosen as research object, and food chain as the entry point. According to theprinciple of informationism, systematology and cybernetics, based on the theory of informationmanagement, information economics, food safety management, and reliability theory, it analyzes thehazards of food safety and the traceability elements of food safety, carry out the study of food safetyinformation transfer, construct the food safety information traceability chain and analysis its reliability,future more, discuss the function and construction method of food safety traceability system. The mainachievements of this paper are as follows:(1) A comparative study on domestic and international food safety traceability system. The papercompares the food safety management system between foreign countries and china from food safetyregulatory authorities and responsibilities, laws and regulations of food safety and implementation offood safety traceability system. Based the food safety system status of china, several experiences arepointed out from the foreign food safety traceability system for improving food safety managementsituation in our country.(2) A comprehensive analysis of food hazards and food quality safety elements. From three aspectsabout biological, chemical and physical, this thesis analyzes the hazards and quality safety elements infood production, processing, storage, transportation and consumption stages. The results of the analysislaid a foundation for the food whole production process control, food safety traceability elementsextraction.(3) Points out the restricting factors of the food safety information transfer. Talk over the potentiallimiting factors about food safety information transfer from production to consumption; list the foodsafety information asymmetry in five aspects because of the information transfer unblocked; analyzesthe asymmetric information on the impact of food safety issues.(4) Construct the model of food safety traceability chain. Study and establish the food safetytraceability chain hierarchical model based on the analysis of food chain, and analyzes the granularity,integrity and key identification about the food traceability chain. Build the fault tree of the foodtraceability chain and propose the structure function. Solve the fault tree for minimum cut set using themethod of qualitative analysis, and calculate the probability of occurrence in a fault tree using thequantitative analysis method. Figure out the structural importance, probability importance and keyimportance of food traceability chain fault tree by means of the quantitative analysis method. (5) Put forward the logic model of food safety traceability system and analysis the function, aim,executive object. Design the framework of the food safety traceability system, the structure of multipleplatform traceability. Present the key steps of establish the traceability system for organization; andintroduce the process of setting up food safety traceability system take the navel orange as examplebased on the angle of view of the food chain.更多还原