【作者】 王建平；

【导师】 姜文来；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业科学院 ， 农业区域发展， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 内蒙古自治区地处我国西北边疆，资源性和工程性缺水是内蒙古农业水资源开发利用面临的现实困境，加上低效的利用现状，致使其已经成为内蒙古国民经济可持续发展的主要制约性因素之一农业用水是内蒙古自治区最大的用水部门，其用水状况更不容乐观浪费和短缺并存，用水效率低下是不可回避的现实造成这一现状有其固有的历史原因，也有当前内蒙古自治区农业用水管理体制不顺的现实情况而管理体制的一个关键核心是能否有效的对现有的农业水价机制进行改革本文从农业水价基础理论研究出发，从国内和国外两个视角比较分析了农业水价制度发展历史沿革，在此模式下重点分析了内蒙古自治区农业水价制度发展的历史变迁和当前农业水价改革的实际效果及存在问题，设计了以农业终端水价改革为核心的未来内蒙古自治区农业水价制度改革框架设计和配套措施首先，从理论的角度探讨了农业水价的内涵及其运行机制从价值与价格的辩证关系分析界定了农业水价的内涵和特征，提出了农业水价具有公益性，政策性和非强制性等特点在此基础上，从灌溉用水户的角度构建了农业需水价格理论函数，并且运用供需平衡理论分析论述了农民用水户在农业水价变动的条件下，如何不断调整自己的灌溉决策行为其次，比较研究了典型国家和地区农业水价制度历史沿革，分析探讨了内蒙古自治区当前农业水价改革存在的问题从国内和国外两个角度分析研究了农业水价制度改革变迁结合这些典型国家和地区农业水价制度变迁的历程和我国当前农业水价改革面临的主要问题，对我国未来农业水价改革发展趋势做了初步思考从制度政策变迁两个角度分析了内蒙古自治区农业水价的历史和现状，并专门针对灌区水价改革的现状和存在问题进行了分析第三，对从农户的角度内蒙古农业水价改革进行实证研究从灌溉决策行为和农户承受力两个方面探讨当前农业水价改革的实际效果及农民对农业水价改革的具体态度最后，提出了内蒙古自治区农业水价制度改革的框架设计从政策法规层面上系统解析了当前内蒙古自治区农业水价制度的基本特点，思考了内蒙古农业水价制度建设关注的重点，提出了以农业终端水价改革为核心的内蒙古自治区农业水价制度改革框架体系，并设计了定价机制框架结构提出了内蒙古自治区农业水价改革配套措施和政策建议论文有一定创新，主要体现在：（1）从水价的经济学理论基础出发，构建了农民的用水行为对农业水价的反应机制，并通过实证数据来证明了该反应机制的正确性（2）提出了内蒙古自治区农业水价改革的框架体系论文从从农户的角度考察国家宏观政策制定的科学性合理性和实际效果，并结合农户的实际承受能力以及现行农业水价改革的实际效果，提出了适合内蒙古区域特征的农业用水价制度改革框架（3）提出了农业水价承受能力新内涵农业水价承受能力并不等同于水价承受力，更不等同于工业水价承受力，考虑到农业的特殊性和农业的弱质性，我们认为农业水价承受能力是农业用水户的支付能力和支付意愿的统一如果支付能力和支付意愿之间缺口太大，则政府部门为了维持灌溉供水的社会公益性，有必要利用补贴等手段来填补这一缺口更多还原

【Abstract】 The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was located in the Northwest in China. The coexistphenomenon of water shortage and waste had become one of the basic constraints to achieve sustainabledevelopment in Inner Mongolia. Irrigation was the largest water sector in the Inner Mongolia, and theirrigation status was also not faring any better. The irrigation problems, such as water shortage andwaste, inefficient water use, were an unavoidable reality. Both the inherent historical problems and theimproper irrigation management system contributed to this situation. The effective reform of existingirrigation water price mechanism was particularly important.Based on the basic theoretical research of irrigation water prices, the paper reviews thedevelopment of irrigation pricing system from both domestic and foreign perspective. The historicalchanges, actual effectiveness and existing problem of irrigation pricing system in the Inner Mongoliawere reviewed in this mode. Taken the Agricultural terminal water price reform as the core, irrigationwater pricing reform framework and supporting measures in the Inner Mongolia were designed.First, paper analyzed connotation of irrigation water prices and its operating mechanism from thetheoretical point of view. The connotation and features of the irrigation water prices was defined fromthe dialectical relationship between value and price. The features of irrigation water prices wereproposed, such as the public welfare, policy guidance and non-mandatory. On this basis, we built thefunctions of the demand prices of irrigation water from the point of view of the irrigation water users.With the theory of balanced supply and demand, we further discussed how the water user adjust theirirrigation decision-making behavior under the conditions of the irrigation water price changes.Second, we studied the typical national and regional irrigation water pricing system, and analyzedthe existing problem of the current irrigation water price reform in the Inner Mongolia. From thedomestic and foreign perspective, we reviewed the history of the irrigation water price reform. On thisbasis, we had a preliminary judgment on the trend of China’s future agricultural water price reform. Onthe angles of system and policy changes, we analyzed the history and current status of irrigation waterprice in the Inner Mongolia, and specifically studied the status and problem of irrigation water pricereform in the irrigation area.Third, we empirically studied the irrigation water price reform in the Inner Mongolia on theperspective of farmers. The actual effects of current irrigation water price reform and the farmer’sattitude to it were explored from the aspects of farmer’s irrigation decision-making behavior andfarmer’s affordability to irrigation water.Finally, put forward the framework of irrigation water price reform in the Inner Mongolia. Wesystematically illustrated the basic characteristics of current irrigation water pricing system in the InnerMongolia on the level of policies and regulations, found the key point of irrigation water pricing systemconstruction in the Inner Mongolia, put forward the irrigation water price reform framework systembased on the agricultural terminal water price reform, and designed the framework structure of the pricing mechanism.Innovation of the paper was as follows:(1) Built the farmers’ response mechanism to irrigation water price based on economics theory ofwater price, and empirically proved the correctness of the response mechanism.(2) Analyzed the scientific, reasonable and practical effect of the national macro-policy on thefarmer’s point of view. Based on the farmer’s actual affordability and practical effect of the existingagricultural water pricing reform, irrigation water price reform framework was designed toaccommodate the characteristics of the Inner Mongolia.(3) Explored some vague concept and tried to defined these concept, such as irrigation water priceaffordability. Irrigation water price affordability was not the same as the affordability of water price,especially not as the affordability of industrial water price. Taking the agricultural features and thefarmer’s inherent weakness into account, the irrigation water price affordability was defined as the unityof the irrigation water users’ ability and willingness to pay. If the gap between the ability to pay andwillingness to pay was too large, government was necessary to take measures, such as subsidies, to fillthe gap in order to maintain the social welfare of irrigation water supply.(4) Put forward the framework and safeguard measures about the reform of irrigation water pricesystem in the Inner Mongolia on the basis of the policies and regulations about irrigation water pricesystem.更多还原