【作者】 谢红光；

【导师】 李杰凯；

【作者基本信息】 北京体育大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 《国家学生体质健康标准》的推出与实施,不仅是一项重要的体质健康测评制度,同时也是一种重要的激励和教育手段,旨在通过开展体质健康测试与评价,促进学生体质健康发展,激励学生积极进行体育锻炼,培养学生养成终身体育锻炼的习惯。体质健康测评对大学生体育锻炼行为意向及行为习惯的影响作用是否存在关系?体质健康测评对大学生体育锻炼行为及行为习惯影响的作用机制是什么?这种影响作用机制各要素之间存在怎样的综合效应?对这些问题的研究,可为体质健康测评对激励学生进行体育锻炼的影响力提供行为效应评估,为更好地在学校体育教育应用体质测评促进健康行为的教育、干预等提供理论依据。目前对大学生体质健康的研究主要是沿着“什么因素—影响体质”的方向进行,这种研究有利解释大学生体质健康受那些相关因素的影响。但不能很好解释“体质健康测评—如何影响健康行为”。本研究在文献分析的基础上,基于健康信念模型理论,从“体质健康测评—如何影响健康行为”的研究方向提出研究假设,采用结构方程构建验证模型,对调查所得数据与理论模型进行实证分析。主要研究结论：(1)《体质健康信念量表》具有较好的信度和效度,可应用于大学生体质健康信念的调查与评价。(2)在体质健康信念模型中,“体质评价结果关注”受“知觉疾病与体弱的严重”、“体质强弱与患病易感性”和“知觉锻炼益处”变量的影响,其中,“体质强弱与患病易感性”变量对“体质评价结果关注”的影响作用最大(3)在影响“体质评价自我效能”的因素中,“体质评价结果关注”、“知觉锻炼益处”对“体质评价自我效能”具有直接的影响效应,而“体质强弱与患病易感性”和“知觉疾病与体弱的严重”对“体质评价自我效能”具有间接的影响效应。(4)体质健康信念的各因子以“体质评价自我效能”为中介,对体育锻炼“行为意向”和“行为习惯”产生间接的影响效应。“体质健康信念模型中存在自我效能中介作用”的研究假设得到实证的支持。(5)体质健康信念与锻炼行为关系模型拟合较好,模型中各个体质健康信念变量对锻炼行为意向和行为习惯的层次关系结构合理。模型具有较好的解释力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The "National Students Physical Fitness and Health Standards" launched and implemented, is not only a significant system for physical fitness and health evaluation, but also an essential means of incentive and education. It aims at encouraging the development of students’physical fitness and health, stimulating students to participate in physical exercise and cultivating students’lifelong physical exercise habit through carrying out the physical fitness and health evaluation. Whether the influence of the physical fitness and health evaluation on the collage students’physical exercise behavior intention correlates with the effect of that on the collage students’physical exercise behavior habit? What is the mechanism of action for the influence of the physical fitness and health evaluation on college students’physical exercise behavior intention and behavior habit? What sort of comprehensive effects do the elements of the mechanism of action bring? Research on the forgoing issues can present behavior effect evaluation with respect to the influence of the physical fitness and health evaluation on stimulating students’participation in physical exercise, together with providing theory basis for better applying the physical fitness and health evaluation to the promotion of the health behavior education and intervention in the filed of school physical education.Currently, the researches on the college students’physical fitness and health focus on the direction of "What factors-influence on physical fitness", which can well explain what factors will influence college students’physical fitness and heath, but fail to give a good explanation for the issue of "the physical fitness and heath evaluation-how to influence the health behavior". With the aid of literature analysis and based on the Health Belief Model, this thesis puts forward research hypothesize from the perspective of "the physical fitness and heath evaluation-how to influence the health behavior" and adopts structural equation to construct validation model. The main conclusions are as follows:The "Physical Fitness-Health Belief Scale" enjoys good reliability and validity and therefore can be applied in the investigation and evaluation of college students’physical fitness-health belief.In the physical fitness-health belief model,"the physical fitness and health evaluation result concerns" is affected by the variables "perception of the seriousness of disease and physical weakness","conditions of constitution and susceptibility to diseases" and "perception of exercise benefits". In which, the variable "perception of exercise benefits" has the most significant influence on the variable "the physical fitness and health evaluation result concerns"Among the factors affecting the variable "self-efficiency of Physical fitness and health evaluation","the physical fitness and health evaluation result concerns" and the "perception of exercise benefits" have direct impact on the "self-efficiency of Physical fitness and health evaluation", while the "conditions of constitution and susceptibility to diseases" and the "perception of the seriousness of disease and physical weakness" impose indirect impact on the "self-efficiency of Physical fitness and health evaluation"With the "self-efficiency of Physical fitness and health evaluation" as a medium, each factor of the physical fitness-health belief model impose indirect impact on the physical exercise "Behavior Intention" and "Behavior Habit", which in an empirical manner supports the research hypothesis that "self-efficiency medium exists in the physical fitness-health belief model"The model relating to the correlation of physical fitness-health belief and physical exercise behavior achieves good fitting effect. The hierarchy relation between each physical health belief variable in the model and physical exercise behavior intention and behavior habit are reasonable. The model enjoys excellent explanatory power.更多还原