【作者】 陈鑫；

【导师】 阎石；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 结构工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 本文的主要工作是对配有高强钢筋高强混凝土框架结构进行了抗震性能试验研究。与传统钢筋混凝土结构相比,高强钢筋高强混凝土框架是更加有效和经济的结构体系。除了充分利用材料的经济性方面,研究表明此结构在强度方面比普通钢筋混凝土框架结构更优秀,延性性能方面也能够满足抗震要求。在国内首次对1/2比例两个自由度试验子结构及六个自由度计算子结构的八层高强钢筋高强混凝土框架结构进行了子结构拟动力试验研究,并运用OpenSees对该结构进行了非线性地震反应分析,主要的研究成果可以概括为以下几个方面。(1)研究了轴压比系数和体积配箍率等因素对配有高强钢筋高强混凝土柱的滞回特性的影响并确定了其在不同抗震性态水平条件下的变形指标。通过试验结果分析了配有高强钢筋高强混凝土柱试件的破坏形态、变形能力、滞回特性等抗震性能指标。基于配有高强钢筋高强混凝土柱试件的低周反复加载试验结果,采用修正Park-Ang模型对12个配有高强钢筋高强混凝土柱试件进行了不同位移角幅值下的损伤指数计算对比分析。基于不同性能水平下的变形和相关参数试验结果,提出了以裂缝宽度和纵向钢筋应力水平、残余变形、极限转角分别作为正常使用、可修和避免倒塌等性能水平的评定参数,并建议了相应性能水平的限值。与试验结果的对比显示,该模型可以合理的反映不同参数高强混凝土柱的损伤发展过程,可为高强混凝土结构基于性态的震损评估提供参考。(2)拟动力试验结合了拟静力试验和振动台试验的优点,是非常有效和具有发展潜力的抗震试验方法。将子结构技术应用到拟动力试验中使拟动力试验有了更广泛的应用范围。本文根据子结构法拟动力试验的原理及特点阐述对子结构法拟动力试验方法。通过对配有高强钢筋高强混凝土框架结构进行子结构拟动力试验,当试验子结构采用多自由度时,不仅能够得到全结构的地震反应,还可较好地反映试验子结构在地震作用下力和位移的分布方式,并且可得到不同性质楼层在地震作用下的滞回耗能特性。试验结果与地震反应观测结果吻合得较好。研究结果表明,进行子结构法拟动力试验时试验子结构的合理选取是试验成功的关键。所以,子结构拟动力试验方法对研究高强混凝土结构的试验性能来说是很有效的工具。(3)本文利用MTS生产的电液伺服加载系统,分别对两个缩尺比例为1/2的两层两榀单跨的框架模型进行抗震试验研究。首先,采用经过调幅的具有不同地震加速度峰值的三种地震波作为激励进行拟动力试验,共采用10种工况加载,重点研究了这种结构在地震过程中动力特性的变化、裂缝出现情况、滞回性能、弹性和弹塑性阶段的地震反应及抗震性能；然后,再对试件进行低周往复的拟静力试验。试验结果(加速度、水平位移、以及基底剪力等)表明：此类高强混凝土框架结构具有较好的抗震性能。本文的试验研究成果为在地震区采用高强混凝土框架结构提供了一条有效的途径。(4)本文研究了配有高强钢筋高强混凝土框架结构的耗能性能与抗震能力。结合拟动力和拟静力试验的结果,分析了高强钢筋高强混凝土框架结构在地震作用下的滞回反应和耗能能力,探讨了结构在地震作用下的破坏机理,滞回特性及薄弱环节或部位,结构的延性系数达到4.0以上,等效阻尼系数达到0.055以上。试验结果表明,此类结构具有较好的变形和耗能能力,抗震性能较好,所提出的方法能够用于地震区高强混凝土框架结构体系之中。(5)本文完成了配有高强钢筋高强混凝土框架结构与构件的数值模拟分析并与试验结果进行了对比分析。基于前期关于配有高强钢筋的高强混凝土柱及节点进行了理论与试验研究,本文利用OpenSees程序,进行了试验框架的数值分析研究,同时也考虑了混凝土单元塑性铰、P-△效应及应变硬化率等特点,重点对比分析了结构的响应。有限元分析结果表明：前期工作中提出的配有高强钢筋的高强混凝土柱的恢复力模型适用于框架结构地震反应分析,并证明模拟模型的有效性。根据峰值位移和结构的总体反应,模型结构的数值分析结果和实测响应吻合得相当好。在试验后阶段的工况中出现一些偏差,这可能是由于刚度退化及损伤积累的影响,这种情况很难在模拟分析中实现,今后还需做进一步研究工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study of this dissertation focuses on the seismic performance of high-strength concrete frame structure reinforced with high-strength rebars. Based on design experience, high-strength concrete frames reinforced with pre-stressed rebars can provide efficient and economical alternatives to traditional reinforced concrete construction. Apart from the economies achieved by effective use of materials, researches show the frames can provide strength exceeding that in conventional reinforced concrete frames and acceptable ductility. A sub-structure pseudo-dynamic test on8-storey1/2scale building model with a test used sub-structure of two freedom degrees and a compute used sub-structure of six freedom degrees has been firstly launched domestically, and its crack patterns, deformed features and failure models, etc. have been observed and analyzed. The FEM software OpenSees was applied to perform the nonlinear seismic response analysis of the structure. The main research achievements may be summed up in the following aspects:Firstly, effects of axial compression ratio and stirrup ratio on hysteretic characteristics of the high strength concrete columns reinforced with high strength reinforcement(HSC) and the seismic performance parameters for performance based seismic design of HSC columns were investigated. The failure mechanism, ductility, and hysteretic behavior of the columns were analyzed based on the experimental data. Based on the results of the cycle loading tests of the columns, the damage indexes of12HSC columns with the different story drifts were calculated using the modified Park-Ang model. According to the deformation with different performance levels and results of the corresponding tests, it was indicated that the crack width and stress level of longitudinal bar, residual drift and ultimate drift index can be adopted as the key parameters to appraise the seismic performance of functional, repairable and collapse avoidable capacities, respectively. Comparison between the calculated damage indices using the proposed model and test results shows good agreement, and the proposed method can be referenced for the performance based seismic assessment of HSC columns.Secondly, at present, pseudo dynamic testing method has the development potential and is popular in all seismic testing methods. Sub-structure pseudo-dynamic test is more flexible and less expensive than traditional pseudo-dynamic test. The methods of sub-structure pseudo-dynamic tests were introduced in the paper based on its principles and features. Seismic testing had been carried out for high-strength concrete frame structure reinforced with high-strength rebars to illustrate that the sub-structure pseudo-dynamic testing method can not only obtain the dynamic performance of the structure, but also characterize the structural displacement and force distributions under earthquake. The test results were in agreement with the monitored earthquake responses. The study revealed that rational selection of the testing sub-structure was the key for sub-structure pseudo-dynamic tests. Therefore, the sub-structure pseudo-dynamic testing method shows that it is an effective tool for investigating the seismic behavior of high-strength concrete structure.Thirdly, in the paper, based on the seismic behaviors of high-strength concrete (HSC) frame structure reinforced with high-strength rebars and pseudo-dynamic testing method, the pseudo-dynamic tests had been conducted on the two specimens of two-story, two-bay and one-span frame model with1/2scale by MTS computer-actuator system in order to research the seismic behaviors of high-strength concrete structure system under earthquake action. The specimen was subjected to10loading cases by using three kinds of acceleration records of ground motion with the adjusted amplitude, focusing on study of change of dynamic character during earthquakes, cracking pattern, hysteretic behaviour and seismic responses in elastic and elastic-plastic stages. After pseudo dynamic test, the frame was subjected to a pseudo-static loading. The test results showed that this kind of HSC frame structure can meet the requirement of the seismic performance. The results of the test may open a new road for application of HSC frame structure in seismic zone.Fourthly, this paper presents an experimental analysis on energy dissipation and seismic property of a high-strength concrete structure reinforced with pre-stressed rebars. Based on the results of the pseudo dynamic and pseudo-static loading tests, the analysis of the hysteretic response and energy dissipation capacity of the structure under seismic action, and discussion of the damage mechanism were experimentally performed. The experimental results showed that the ductility coefficient was greater than4.0and the equivalent damping ratio was higher than0.055. It also showed that this kind of frame structure had good deformation and dissipation capacity as well as great seismic performance. The proposed method can be applied in high-strength concrete structures in seismic zone.Fifthly, the finite element analysis on the the members and structures was performed and the results between the numerical simulation and experiments were compared in this paper. Based on the previous works, a nonlinear FEM analysis was performed by using OpenSees software. The dynamic responses of the frame structure were numerically analyzed. During the simulation, the nonlinear development of the compressive concrete was specially considered. The plastic hinge and P-△effect of the structure were also considered. The results of the simulation showed that the developed constitutive model was suitable to calculate the seismic responses of the frame structure by FEM. The test offers additional opportunities to validate performance simulation models. In terms of peak displacements and overall response, the numerical and measured frame response agreed fairly well. But for late loading events, divergences occur, which were likely due to degradation effects and damage accumulation that were not modeled in the analysis. The observed damages suggest the need for further research to improve the performance simulation tools.更多还原