【作者】 王新春；

【导师】 王冀青；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 历史文献学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 中国学术团体协会西北科学考查团(简称“西北科学考查团”)是在1927年由中国学术团体协会与瑞典探险家斯文·赫定合作组建的学术考察团体。它是近现代第一个由中国人主持的西北科学考察团体,成员包括了中国、瑞典、德国、丹麦等国的学者,考察时间长达8年,考察地域包括了中国北方、西北、中部的十二个省份,考察内容涵盖了地理学、大地测量学、地质学、古植物学、古无脊椎动物学、古脊椎动物学、考古学、民族学、气象学、动物学、植物学等十多个学科领域。本文以西北科学考查团的考古作为主要研究内容,从学术史的角度出发,对西北科学考查团的考古调查和研究成果进行专题研究,力图全面、系统、细致地总结考察团在中国西北地区的田野考古和研究成果,探讨其在近现代中国学术史上的价值和意义。以此为目的,本论文分为七个章节进行论述：第一章首先对西北科学考查团组建的背景、过程和影响进行论述,指出了考古方面是中国学术界与斯文·赫定争议的核心,分析中国学者和斯文·赫定在考古学方面的态度和作为。第二章全面论述了西北科学考查团的考古工作。本文首次将非考古专业学者的考古活动纳入了研究范畴,展现了西北科学考查团田野考古的完整面貌,促进了人们对近现代中国西北考古认识更加全面和完整。第三章以调查搜集品的流散和保存为核心,首先梳理整个西北科学考查团的搜集品的运输情况,弄清考古搜集品的内容和运输过程,然后对斯文·赫定借出考古搜集品的规定、流程等问题进行细致的研究,最后细致调查、梳理了考古搜集品的存放地点、损失情况、流散情况和最后的保存地。第四章概述了中国和瑞典的考古研究著述,主要论述西北科学考查团所获文书的刊布与研究状况,并在细节方面进行了考证。第五章论述了瑞典学者的考古研究情况,以期展现瑞典关于西北科学考查团考古研究成果之全貌,并对这部分研究的价值和意义进行评述。第六章对西北科学考查团的两位专门的考古学者贝格曼与黄文弼进行专题研究,系统总结两位学者的研究成果和价值,并从学术背景、考察目的、考察内容、研究方法等方面对二人的考古和研究进行对比,分析东西方视野下的中国西北考古研究之异同,并对他们在现代中国西北考古中的意义和价值进行探讨。第七章通过三个方面的论述,分析西北科学考查团的考古研究与近代中国考古学之兴起和发展之间的关系及对中外学术发展的影响,从而对其在中国考古学发展史中的地位有一准确的定位。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Scientific Mission to North-Western China Under the Commission of the Federation of the Scientific Institution of China (usually abbreviated to the Scientific Mission to North-Western China) was an academic investigative organization which was formed jointly by the Federation of the Scientific Institution of China and a Swedish explorer—Sven Hedin in1927. And it was the first scientific investigative organization to Northwest China hosted by Chinese people in the modern Chinese history, whose members comprised Chinese, Swedish, German and Danish scholars. This Sino-Swedish Expedition took eight years to investigate twelve provinces in the north, the northwest and the middle of China. And the scientific investigations involved more than ten fields of disciplines, such as Geography, Geodesy, Geology, Palaeobotany, Invertebrate Palaeobotany, Vertebrate Palaeobotany, Archaeology, Ethnography, Meteorology, Zoology and Botany.This thesis takes the archeology of the Scientific Mission to Northwest China as a main object of study. And the author undertakes thematic researches into archaeological investigations and research findings from the perspective of academic history. In this thesis, the author tries to summarize the Scientific Mission’s field archaeology in the northwest of China and research findings thoroughly and systematically, then discusses the value and significance of these researches in the modern Chinese academic history. For this purpose, the thesis is divided into seven chapters.In the first chapter, the thesis presents the background, the process and the influence of the Scientific Mission’s foundation, and it refers to archaeology which is the core of the dispute between Chinese academia and Sven Hedin, then the thesis shows Chinese scholars and Sven Hedin’s attitudes and actions towards archaeology with more detailed analyses.The content of the second chapter is a comprehensive discussion about archaeological work of the Scientific Mission to Northwest China. And it is the first time that the thesis has brought some non-archaeological academics into the scope of this study. In the thesis, the author shows a complete feature of the field archaeology, which promotes people to understand the archaeology to Northwest China in the modern history more comprehensively and completely.The core of Chapter Three is a general survey of the loss and preservation of the archaeological collections. Firstly, the author sorts the whole transport situations of these archaeological objects collected by the Scientific Mission, so the author clears up these collections’ contents and transport process further. And then, the author carries out a research on the provisions and processes of the archaeological collections that have been loaned to Sven Hedin. Finally, the author studies and sorts several related issues about these collections, such as the storage locations, the loss situations and the final destinations.In the fourth chapter, the author outlines the writings of Sino-Swedish archaeological researches. In this part, the thesis mainly presents the situation of documentary publication and research gathered by the Scientific Mission, and some of details of the archaeological documents are verified.In the fifth chapter, the author expounds the archaeological researches of Swedish scholars in order to show a panorama of research achievements of the Swedish members in the Scientific Mission, and reviews the value and significance of these researches.The main content of the sixth chapter involves the thematic studies on two professional archaeologists of the Scientific Mission-Folke Bergman and Huang Winpi. In the thesis, the author systematically summarizes their research achievements and values, and then makes a comparison of their archaeology and researches from academic backgrounds, investigation purposes, investigation contents and research methods. Meanwhile, the author analyses the similarities and differences of the archaeology in Northwest China in the perspective of east and west, and also explores the significance and value of their mission to the northwest China in the modern history.In the seventh chapter, the author analyses the relationship between the archaeological researches of the Scientific Mission and the rise and development of the modern Chinese archaeology, and then talks about its influence on the development of Chinese and foreign academic, so the archaeological researches of the Scientific Mission are in a position of accuracy in the history of Chinese archaeology.更多还原